词条 | Bundle (macOS) |
释义 |
| name = Application Bundle | icon = | iconcaption = | screenshot = | caption = | extension = .app, .framework, .kext, .plugin, .docset, .xpc, .qlgenerator, .component, .saver, .mdimporter, etc | mime = | magic = | released = | standard = | free = | url = | logo = | type code = | uniform type = com.apple.application-bundle | conforms to = com.apple.application | owner = | latest release version = | latest release date = | genre = application software | container for = executable binary, metadata, other bundles, any other file needed to run the application. | contained by = | extended from = directory bundle | extended to = }} In NeXTSTEP, OPENSTEP, GNUstep, and their lineal descendants macOS and iOS, a bundle is a file directory with a defined structure and file extension, allowing related files to be grouped together as a conceptually single item. Examples of bundles that contain executable code include applications, frameworks, and plugins. This kind of bundle usually contains one file representing executable code, and files that represent resources such as nibs, templates, images, sounds, and other media. On some other systems, such as Microsoft Windows, these resources are usually included directly in the executable file itself at compile time. On older Macintoshes, a similar technique is used, where additional metadata can be added to a file's resource fork. Similar in concept are the application directories used in RISC OS and on the ROX Desktop. Examples of bundles that do not contain executable code include document packages (iWork documents) and media libraries (iPhoto Library). Bundles are programmatically accessed with the macOS application bundlesApplication bundles are directory hierarchies, with the top-level directory having a name that ends with a Among other things, the Other common subdirectories include By default, the Finder displays application bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the "Show Package Contents" context menu item. macOS framework bundlesmacOS frameworks are also stored as bundles; the top-level directory of a framework bundle has a name that is the name of the framework followed by the extension The Finder displays framework bundles as directories rather than as opaque files. macOS loadable bundlesLoadable bundles are bundles which contain code that can be loaded at runtime.[3] Loadable bundles usually have the extension By default, the Finder displays loadable bundles, which can also be referred to as packages, as opaque files with no underlying structure; the contents of the bundle can be shown with the "Show Package Contents" context menu item. Other bundle formatsThere are many third-party macOS applications which utilize their own custom bundle format (e.g. CandyBar .lprojAn .lproj file is a bundle that contains localization files for macOS software. It typically contains the .nib files for a given language along with string files and images if need be (for example, ReadMe or license files). These localized files are used by install makers to customize install packages. They are also included in an application bundle. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers|work=Uniform Type Identifiers Reference|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/UTIRef/Articles/System-DeclaredUniformTypeIdentifiers.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009259-SW1|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=2012-06-10}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Anatomy of Framework Bundles|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFrameworks/Concepts/FrameworkAnatomy.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=2011-09-03}} 3. ^[https://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/LoadingCode/Concepts/AboutLoadableBundles.html Code Loading Programming Topics for Cocoa: About Loadable Bundles] 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://pimpmysafari.com/plugins/|title=Pimp My Safari: plugins|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031062502/http://pimpmysafari.com/plugins/|archive-date=2007-10-31}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tikouka.net/mailapp/|title=Apple Mail plug-ins and tools}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://hawkwings.net/plugins.htm|title=Hawk Wings — Plug-ins for Apple Mail|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831180432/http://www.hawkwings.net/plugins.htm|archive-date=2007-08-31}} External links
4 : NeXT|MacOS|Mac OS development|GNUstep |
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