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Bunting (bird)

释义

Genera and species
References
Bibliography
External links

{{other uses|Bunting (disambiguation)}}{{Taxobox
| name = Buntings
| image = Emberiza citrinella 1 (Marek Szczepanek).jpg
| image_width =
| image_caption = Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)
| regnum = Animalia
| phylum = Chordata
| classis = Aves
| ordo = Passeriformes
| familia = Emberizidae
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =Melophus
Latoucheornis
Emberiza
Miliaria
}}

Buntings are a group of Eurasian and African passerine birds of the family Emberizidae.

They are seed-eating birds with stubby, conical bills, and are the Old World equivalents of the species known in North America as (American) sparrows. (However, these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae.)

Some emberizids are still named "finches" rather than "buntings". Conversely, there are New World species retaining the name "bunting" which are now classed in the family Cardinalidae. Among those are the painted and indigo buntings.

Genera and species

In taxonomic order (but see Systematics section below).

Genus Melophus
- Crested bunting, Melophus lathami
Genus Latoucheornis
- Slaty bunting, Latoucheornis siemsseni
Genus Emberiza - true buntings
- Corn bunting, Emberiza calandra
- Yellowhammer, Emberiza citrinella
- Pine bunting, Emberiza leucocephalos
- Cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus
- Tibetan bunting, Emberiza koslowi
- Rock bunting, Emberiza cia
- Godlewski's bunting, Emberiza godlewskii
- Meadow bunting, Emberiza cioides
- Jankowski's bunting, Emberiza jankowskii
- Grey-necked bunting, Emberiza buchanani
- Cinereous bunting, Emberiza cineracea
- Ortolan bunting, Emberiza hortulana
- White-capped bunting, Emberiza stewarti
- Cretzschmar's bunting, Emberiza caesia
- House bunting, Emberiza sahari
- Striolated bunting, Emberiza striolata
- Lark-like bunting, Emberiza impetuani
- Cinnamon-breasted bunting, Emberiza tahapisi
- Socotra bunting, Emberiza socotrana
- Cape bunting, Emberiza capensis
- Ochre-rumped bunting, Emberiza yessoensis
- Tristram's bunting, Emberiza tristrami
- Chestnut-eared bunting, Emberiza fucata
- Little bunting, Emberiza pusilla
- Yellow-browed bunting, Emberiza chrysophrys
- Rustic bunting, Emberiza rustica
- Yellow-throated bunting, Emberiza elegans
- Yellow-breasted bunting, Emberiza aureola
- Golden-breasted bunting, Emberiza flaviventris
- Somali bunting, Emberiza poliopleura
- Brown-rumped bunting, Emberiza affinis
- Cabanis' bunting, Emberiza cabanisi
- Chestnut bunting, Emberiza rutila
- Black-headed bunting, Emberiza melanocephala
- Red-headed bunting, Emberiza bruniceps
- Yellow bunting, Emberiza sulphurata
- Black-faced bunting, Emberiza spodocephala
- Grey bunting, Emberiza variabilis
- Pallas' reed bunting, Emberiza pallasi
- Reed bunting, Emberiza schoeniclus
Genus Miliaria
- Corn bunting, Miliaria calandra
Genus Plectrophenax - Arctic buntings (form a group with longspurs rather distantly related to other emberizids), and now placed in a separate family Calcariidae.^[1]
- Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis
- McKay's bunting, Plectrophenax hyperboreus

The lark bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys) is an American sparrow.

The Lapland bunting (Calcarius lapponicus) is also known as Lapland longspur, and is considered under longspurs, and also placed in a separate family Calcariidae.^[1]

Clade A - Emberiza species: tristrami, variabilis, chrysophrys, aureola, pusilla, rutila, rustica, sulphurata, spodocephala, schoeniclus, pallasi, yessoensis, elegans, with "Latoucheornis" siemsseni.

Clade B - Emberiza species: leucocephalos, citrinella, stewarti, cirlus, hortulana, caesia, buchanani, cia, godlewskii, cioides, jankowskii, fucata, with "Miliaria" calandra.

Clade C - Emberiza species: melanocephala, bruniceps with "Melophus" lathami.

Clade D - Emberiza species: striolata, tahapisi, impetuana, capensis, flaviventris, cabanisi.

Buntings not yet tested and therefore still to be placed in this scheme include Emberiza species koslowi & cineracea (probably in clade B), and sahari, socotrana, poliopleura, and affinis (probably in clade D).

References

1. ^¹{{cite journal|author1=Per Alström |author2=Urban Olsson |author3=Fumin Lei |author4=Hai-tao Wang |author5=Wei Gao |author6=Per Sundberg |date=2008|title=Phylogeny and classification of the Old World Emberizini (Aves, Passeriformes)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=47|issue=3|pages=960–73|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.12.007|pmid=18411062}}

Bibliography

Buntings and Sparrows - A Guide to the Buntings and North American Sparrows by Urban Olsson and Jon Curson, illustrated by Clive Byers (1995) {{ISBN|1-873403-19-4}}

External links

Bunting videos, photos and sounds on the Internet Bird Collection
{{Cite AmCyc|wstitle=Bunting |short=x}}

4 : Buntings (bird)|Bird common names|Emberizidae|Finches

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