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词条 China–Kenya relations
释义

  1. History

     Political ties 

  2. Economic ties

     Debt-trap diplomacy 

  3. Chinese development finance to Kenya

  4. Cultural ties

  5. See also

  6. References

{{Short description|1=Diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Kenya}}{{Infobox Bilateral relations|Sino–Kenyan|China|Kenya}}

China–Kenya relations refer to the bilateral relations between China and Kenya.

History

Political ties

This bilateral relations date back to 14 December 1963, two days after the formal establishment of Kenyan independence, when China became the fourth country to open an embassy in Nairobi.[1] Military exchange between the two countries has been increasing in the past decade. General Liu Jingsong, commander of the Lanzhou Military Region, led China's first military delegation to Kenya in December 1996; Major General Nick Leshan, commander of the Kenyan air force, paid a return visit in 1997.[2] Kenyan president Mwai Kibaki visited Beijing in August 2005.[3]

In 2013, President Uhuru Kenyatta visited China. He held talks with his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jingping. Kenya and China ended up signing deals worth (US$5 billion).[4]

The Premier of China, Li Keqiang visited Nairobi on his 2014 Africa tour. He and President Kenyatta witnessed the signing of 17 multi-billion deals to fund multiple infrastructural projects and various agreements. This included the establishment of a China-Africa Development Bank.[5]

Economic ties

Bilateral trade amounted to US$186.37 million in 2002; China exported US$180.576 million to Kenya, while only importing US$5.798 million of Kenyan goods, mainly black tea, coffee, and leather.[2]

Early in 2006 Chinese President Hu Jintao signed an oil exploration contract with Kenya; the latest in a series of deals designed to expand Chinese overseas economic engagement with Africa. The deal allowed for China's state-controlled offshore oil and gas company, CNOOC Ltd., to prospect for oil in Kenya, which is just beginning to drill its first exploratory wells on the borders of Sudan and Somalia and in coastal waters. No oil has been produced yet, and there has been no formal estimate of the possible reserves.[6]

In April 2007, the Jinchuan Group, a state-owned metal manufacturing group, became the first Chinese company to enter Kenya's mining sector, purchasing a 20% stake in Tiomin Kenya.[7]

Debt-trap diplomacy

China lent Kenya extensive loans to build a standard gauge railway between Mombasa and Nairobi and highways in Kenya.[8][9] In 2018, Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyata banned Chinese fish imports in response to public outcry over the unregulated importation of fish from China with Kenyan fishermen lamenting on how the foreign fish had flooded markets.[10] The Chinese government use the Standard Gauge Railway as leverage against Kenya by threatening to completely pull funding for the project as well as threatening to impose trade sanctions.[11] The Kenyan government soon after lifted the ban of Chinese fish imports.[12]

The Kenyan government reportedly waived the sovereign immunity of its largest and most lucrative port,the Port of Mombasa, to be used as collateral for Chinese loans to construct the Standard Gauge Railway. It was reported in late December 2018 that Kenya may soon face default on Chinese loans, which could force Kenya to relinquish control of the port to China.[13][14]

The Kenyan media has debated whether Chinese loans are worth the risk of falling into debt traps, drawing analogies with {{Section link||Sri Lanka}}, and some commentators have argued that these loans could jeopardize Kenyan sovereignty.[8][15]

Chinese development finance to Kenya

From 2000 to 2011, there are approximately 65 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Kenya through various media reports.[16] These projects range from a 108 million USD grant from Chinese government to build the North and East Ring Road sections in Nairobi,[17] to a concessional loan to finance the construction of the Kenyatta University Teaching, Research and Referral Hospital Project in 2011.[18]

Cultural ties

PRC state-owned China Radio International has operated radio station CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM since 2006.

See also

  • China-Africa relations
  • Chinese people in Kenya

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=Kenya, China Mark 40-year Diplomatic Ties|publisher=Xinhua News Agency|date=2003-12-11|accessdate=2007-11-06|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/international/82128.htm}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/fzs/gjlb/3014/default.htm|title=Kenya: Bilateral Relations|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|date=2003-10-12|accessdate=2007-11-06}}
3. ^{{cite news|publisher=People's Daily|title=China to promote cooperation with Kenya: Chinese premier|date=2005-08-19|accessdate=2007-11-07|url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200508/19/eng20050819_203345.html}}
4. ^{{cite news|publisher=BBC|title=Kenya's Kenyatta and China's Xi sign $5bn deals|date=2013-08-20|accessdate=2015-01-19|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23768488}}
5. ^{{cite news|publisher=Business Daily|title=Kenya signs 17 multi-billion deals with China|date=2014-05-10|accessdate=2015-01-19|url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Kenya-signs-17-multi-billion-deals-with-China/-/539546/2310366/-/1514laoz/-/index.html}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a51a39d2-280c-11db-b25c-0000779e2340.html|title=China's scramble for Africa finds a welcome in Kenya|last=Barber|first=Lionel|author2=Andrew England|date=August 10, 2006|publisher=Financial Times|accessdate=2008-06-27}}
7. ^{{cite news|date=2007-10-30|accessdate=2007-11-07|title=Kenya: Attention Shifts to China After Latest Catch|publisher=Business Daily, Nairobi|last=Onyango|first=Jim|author2=Allan Odhiambo|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200710300116.html}}
8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/oped/opinion/Kenya-must-avoid-China-debt-trap-or-fall-into-Sri-Lanka-pit/440808-4551200-kv7y59/index.html|title=KISERO: Kenya must avoid China debt trap or fall into Sri Lanka|last=|first=|date=|website=Daily Nation|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-30}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://africa.chinadaily.com.cn/africa/2015-09/20/content_21926960.htm|title=Chinese company helps build new railway in Kenya|last=|first=|date=|website=africa.chinadaily.com.cn|publisher=China Daily|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-30}}
10. ^{{cite web |last1=Mumbi |first1=Mutuko |title=President Uhuru Kenyatta Bans Chinese Fish From Kenyan Market |url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/33994-president-uhuru-kenyatta-bans-chinese-fish-kenyan-market |website=www.kenyans.co.ke}}
11. ^{{cite web |last1=Oruko |first1=Michael Ollinga |title=China threatens to stop SGR funding after Kenya bans Chinese fish imports |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/290469-china-threatens-stop-sgr-funding-kenya-bans-chinese-fish-imports.html#290469 |website=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news. |language=en |date=31 October 2018}}
12. ^{{cite web |last1=Roberto |first1=Muyela |title=Government lifts ban on Chinese fish imports. |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/290611-government-lifts-ban-chinese-fish-imports.html#290611 |website=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news. |language=en |date=2 November 2018}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3605624|title=China’s African Debt-trap: Beijing Prepares to Seize Kenya’s Port of Mombasa|last=News|first=Taiwan|date=|website=Taiwan News|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-31}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://blackchristiannews.com/2018/12/chinas-african-debt-trap-beijing-prepares-to-seize-kenyas-port-of-mombasa/|title=China’s African Debt-trap: Beijing Prepares to Seize Kenya’s Port of Mombasa {{!}} BCNN1 - Black Christian News Network|last=BCNN1|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-31}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mediamaxnetwork.co.ke/493683/debt-diplomacy-threat-to-sovereignty/amp/|title=Debt diplomacy threat to sovereignty|website=www.mediamaxnetwork.co.ke|access-date=2018-12-31}}
16. ^Austin Strange, Bradley C. Parks, Michael J. Tierney, Andreas Fuchs, Axel Dreher, and Vijaya Ramachandran. 2013. China’s Development Finance to Africa: A Media-Based Approach to Data Collection. CGD Working Paper 323. Washington DC: Center for Global Development.http://china.aiddata.org{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
17. ^Strange, Parks, Tierney, Fuchs, Dreher, and Ramachandran, China’s Development Finance to Africa: A Media-Based Approach to Data Collection.http://aiddatachina.org/projects/202
18. ^Strange, Parks, Tierney, Fuchs, Dreher, and Ramachandran, China’s Development Finance to Africa: A Media-Based Approach to Data Collection.http://aiddatachina.org/projects/1290
{{Foreign relations of China}}{{Foreign relations of Kenya}}{{DEFAULTSORT:China-Kenya relations}}

4 : China–Kenya relations|Bilateral relations of Kenya|Africa–China relations|Bilateral relations of China
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