| 词条 | Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford | ||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Christ Church Cathedral | fullname = Cathedral Church of Christ | image = Cathedral, Christ Church, Oxford, from the cloisters. - geograph.org.uk - 187944.jpg | imagesize = | imagealt = Christ Church Cathedral | landscape = | caption = Crossing tower and spire from the cloisters | coordinates = {{coord|51.75|-1.2547|region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | osgraw = | osgridref = | location = Oxford, Oxfordshire | pushpin map = Oxfordshire | country = United Kingdom | denomination = Church of England | previous denomination = Catholicism | tradition = | membership = | website = chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral | former name = | bull date = | consecrated date = | people = | status = | functional status = | heritage designation = | designated date = | previous cathedrals = | architect = | architectural type = | style = Romanesque, Gothic | years built = 1160–1200 | groundbreaking = | completed date = | construction cost = | closed date = | demolished date = | capacity = | length = | length nave = | length choir = | width = | width nave = | width transepts = | height = | height nave = | height choir = | dome quantity = | dome height outer = | dome height inner = | dome dia outer = | dome dia inner = | tower quantity = | tower height = | spire quantity = | spire height = | archdiocese = | metropolis = | diocese = Oxford | diocese start = 1546 | province = Canterbury | archbishop = | bishop = | dean = Martyn Percy | subdean = Edmund Newey | provost = | canon = 4 theology professors (ex officio) | precentor = Grant Bayliss (Diocesan) | archdeacon = Martin Gorick | reader = | director = | organist = | logo = | logosize = | logolink = | logoalt = }}Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral of the diocese of Oxford, which consists of the counties of Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Berkshire. It is also the chapel of Christ Church at the University of Oxford. This dual role as cathedral and college chapel is unique in the Church of England.[1] HistoryThe cathedral was originally the church of St Frideswide's Priory. The site was historically presumed to be the location of the nunnery founded by St Frideswide, the patron saint of Oxford, and the shrine now in the Latin Chapel, originally containing relics translated at the rebuilding in 1180, was the focus of pilgrimage from at least the 12th until the early 16th century.[2] In 1522, the priory was surrendered to Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, who had selected it as the site for his proposed college. However, in 1529 the foundation was taken over by Henry VIII. Work stopped, but in June 1532 the college was refounded by the King. In 1546, Henry VIII transferred to it the recently created See of Oxford from Osney. The cathedral has the name of Ecclesia Christi Cathedralis Oxoniensis, given to it by Henry VIII's foundation charter. There has been a choir at the cathedral since 1526, when John Taverner was the organist and also master of the choristers. The statutes of Wolsey's original college, initially called Cardinal College, mentioned 16 choristers and 30 singing priests. Christ Church Cathedral is one of the smallest cathedrals in the Church of England.[3] The nave, choir, main tower and transepts are late Norman. There are architectural features ranging from Norman to the Perpendicular style and a large rose window of the ten-part (i.e. botanical) type. Dean and ChapterAs of 28 January 2019:[4]
The university's four senior theology professors are also ex officio Canons Residentiary:
MusicOrganThe organ is a 43-rank, four-manual and pedal instrument built in 1979 by Austrian firm Rieger Orgelbau.[11] Organists{{See also|List of musicians at English cathedrals}}First among the notable organists of Christ Church Cathedral is the Renaissance composer John Taverner, who was appointed as the first organist by Wolsey in 1526. Other organists (and directors of the choir) have included Basil Harwood, Thomas Armstrong, W. H. Harris, Simon Preston, Francis Grier and Nicholas Cleobury. The post of organist is currently held by Stephen Darlington. (As in many English cathedrals, the organist is also director of the choir and much of the organ playing is delegated to the sub-organist or organ scholar.) ChoirsThe main choir, the Christ Church Cathedral Choir, consists of 12 men (6 professional "lay-clerks" and 6 student "academical clerks") and 16 choristers (boys aged 7 – 13), and is directed by Steven Grahl. They sing in university term time, at Christmas and Easter, and have an extensive touring and recording programme. Former choristers include the composer William Walton. The Cathedral Singers consists of volunteers and is currently directed by James Potter. They are usually in residence outside of term time when the choristers and academical clerks of the main choir are on holiday. The college choir sings every 1–2 weeks in term time and is made up of current undergraduates and postgraduates from the college. Notable burials
GallerySee also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral |title=Cathedral | Christ Church, Oxford University |website=Chch.ox.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=4 March 2016}} 2. ^{{cite book |last=Levin |first=Carole |date=2013 |title=The Heart and Stomach of a King |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |page=20 |isbn=978 0 8122 2240 1}} 3. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/present/misc.html |title=Christ Church Cathedral – Miscellany |website=Web.archive.org |date=6 December 2004 |accessdate=4 March 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041206173809/http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/present/misc.html |archivedate=6 December 2004 }} 4. ^Christ Church, Oxford — Who's Who in the Cathedral (Accessed 28 January 2019) 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/news/2013/revd-dr-edmund-newey-be-sub-dean |title=News | Christ Church, Oxford University |website=Chch.ox.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=4 March 2016}} 6. ^Christ Church, Oxford — Announcement of new Diocesan Canon Precentor (Accessed 16 January 2018) 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/whos-who/dean-chapter-staff|title=Dean, Cathedral Chapter & Staff|work=www.chch.ox.ac.uk |accessdate=22 October 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129140130/http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/whos-who/dean-chapter-staff |archivedate=29 January 2010 |df=dmy-all }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/staff/canon-professor-carol-harrison|title=Canon Professor Carol Harrison – Christ Church, Oxford University|website=www.chch.ox.ac.uk|accessdate=28 June 2018}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/news/2007/canon-professors-welcome |title=News | Christ Church, Oxford University |website=Chch.ox.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=4 March 2016}} 10. ^[https://www.oxford.anglican.org/newdeacons/ Diocese of Oxford — New Deacons] (Accessed 16 January 2018) 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=N11123 |title=The National Pipe Organ Register (NPOR) V2.11 |website=Npor.org.uk |accessdate=4 March 2016}} External links{{commons category|Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford}}
13 : Anglican cathedrals in England|Chapels of the University of Oxford|Christ Church, Oxford|Church of England church buildings in Oxford|English Gothic architecture in Oxfordshire|Grade I listed buildings in Oxford|Grade I listed cathedrals|Grade I listed churches in Oxfordshire|History of Oxford|English churches with Norman architecture|Towers in Oxford|Tourist attractions in Oxford|Burial sites of the Lyttelton family |
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