| 词条 | Cadzow Castle |
| 释义 |
HistoryThe early castleThe ancient kings of Strathclyde are said to have had a hunting lodge at Cadzow, prior to that kingdom's assimilation into Scotland in the 12th century. The original Cadzow Castle was built in the 12th century as an occasional royal residence for King David I (1124–1153). Royal charters of David's reign were issued from here as early as 1139. His successors Alexander II, Alexander III and others down to Robert the Bruce also used the castle, primarily as a hunting lodge. It is possible that this earlier castle was on an alternative site at {{gbmappingsmall|NS729548}}, now known as Castlehill, although the area is now a housing estate. The estate of Cadzow was divided in 1222, with Cadzow Castle passing to the Comyns. Following the forfeiture of their lands for supporting John Baliol, the estate was granted by Robert the Bruce to Walter FitzGilbert de Hambeldon in the early 14th century. FitzGilbert was ennobled as the first Baron of Cadzow, and is the ancestor of the Dukes of Hamilton. He constructed a motte near the town ({{gbmappingsmall|NS729548}}), which remains, adjacent to the M74 motorway. The 16th-century castleThe present castle was built around 1530 by Sir James Hamilton of Finnart, who also constructed nearby Craignethan Castle. Following her escape from Loch Leven Castle in 1568, Mary, Queen of Scots, stayed here. As a result it was destroyed by forces of the Earl of Mar, regent for James VI, in the late 16th century, as retaliation against the Hamiltons for their support of Mary. It was partially rebuilt in the 18th century, to serve as a folly within the Duke's park. The castle todayThe site is now owned and managed by Historic Scotland. There is no public access to the ruins, as the structure is unstable, and largely supported by scaffolding. Footpaths within the country park allow visitors to view the ruin. The Duke's Bridge, built high across the Avon Gorge, offers the most dramatic view of the ruins above the wooded gorge. A series of excavations, sponsored by Historic Scotland, took place at the castle between 2000 and 2003. References1. ^George Chalmers, Caledonia, Or, A Historical and Topographical Account of North Britain from the Most Ancient to the Present Times: With a Dictionary of Places, Chorographical and Philological, Vol. 6 (A. Gardner, 1890), p. 683. 2. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM90342|desc=Cadzow Castle|access-date=2019-02-27}}
External links{{commons|Cadzow Castle}}
8 : Buildings and structures completed in 1550|Castles in South Lanarkshire|Royal residences in Scotland|Scheduled Ancient Monuments in South Lanarkshire|Hunting lodges in Scotland|1550 establishments in Scotland|Hamilton, South Lanarkshire|History of South Lanarkshire |
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