| 词条 | Camden, New South Wales | |||
| 释义 |
| type = town | name = Camden | city = Sydney | state = nsw |image=Camden NSW 2570, Australia - panoramio (12).jpg|caption=Argyle Street, Camden| region = Macarthur | coordinates = {{coord|34|03|16|S|150|41|45|E|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_label_position = right | lga = Camden Council | postcode = 2570 | est = 1840 | pop = 3,230 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] | stategov = Camden | fedgov = Hume | near-nw = Ellis Lane | near-n = Cobbitty | near-ne = Kirkham | near-w = Grasmere | near-e = Elderslie | near-sw = Cawdor | near-s = Camden South | near-se = Spring Farm | dist1 = 65 | dir1 = south-west | location1= Sydney CBD }} Camden is a historic town, south-west of Sydney, New South Wales, located 65 kilometres from the Sydney central business district. Camden is the administrative centre for the local government area of Camden Council and is a part of the Macarthur region. HistoryIndigenous peopleThe area now known as Camden was originally at the northern edge of land belonging to the Gandangara people of the Southern Highlands who called it Benkennie meaning 'dry land'. North of the Nepean River were the Muringong, southernmost of the Darug people while to the east were the Tharawal people. They lived in extended family groups of 20–40 members, hunting kangaroos, possums and eels and gathering yams and other seasonal fruit and vegetables from the local area. They were described as 'short, stocky, strong and superbly built' and generally considered peaceful. However, as British settlers encroached on their land and reduced their food sources, they turned to armed resistance which ended in 1816 after many of their number were massacred.[2] European settlementExplorers first visited the area in 1795 and named it 'Cowpastures' after a herd of cattle that had disappeared was discovered there. In February 1805, Governor King instructed (apparently reluctantly) a surveyor to measure {{convert|5,000|acres}} for John Macarthur at Cowpastures, where Macarthur had been promised land by the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, Lord Camden. Macarthur named his property Camden Park in honour of his sponsor.[3] As Macarthur's wool industry thrived, local citizens began pushing for the establishment of a town in the area to support the industry. Surveyor-General Major Thomas Mitchell suggested Macarthur surrender {{convert|320|acre}} of his land for the purpose to which he refused. Following his death in 1834, his children decided to subdivide the land and the first lots in the new town of Camden went on sale in 1840. Camden Post Office opened on 1 May 1841, the day after the nearby Elderslie office (open from 1839) closed.[4] By 1883, the population had grown to over 300 and a movement began to establish a local council which held its first meeting in 1889. Heritage listingsCamden has the following heritage-listed sites:
TransportBetween 1882 and 1962 Camden was connected to Campbelltown and Sydney by the Camden railway line. Camden is served by Camden Airport, which is mostly used by trainee pilots for flying schools, the Australian Air League, and other forms of general aviation. ClimateCamden has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa). {{Weather box|location = Camden Airport |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 46.4 |Feb record high C = 45.6 |Mar record high C = 41.0 |Apr record high C = 38.5 |May record high C = 29.5 |Jun record high C = 24.9 |Jul record high C = 27.0 |Aug record high C = 30.2 |Sep record high C = 36.5 |Oct record high C = 40.5 |Nov record high C = 42.6 |Dec record high C = 43.1 |year record high C = 46.4 |Jan high C = 29.7 |Feb high C = 28.7 |Mar high C = 26.8 |Apr high C = 23.9 |May high C = 20.7 |Jun high C = 17.7 |Jul high C = 17.4 |Aug high C = 19.1 |Sep high C = 22.0 |Oct high C = 24.4 |Nov high C = 26.3 |Dec high C = 28.6 |year high C = 23.8 |Jan mean C = 23.3 |Feb mean C = 22.7 |Mar mean C = 20.8 |Apr mean C = 17.5 |May mean C = 13.8 |Jun mean C = 11.1 |Jul mean C = 10.1 |Aug mean C = 11.5 |Sep mean C = 14.4 |Oct mean C = 17.2 |Nov mean C = 19.6 |Dec mean C = 21.9 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 16.9 |Feb low C = 16.8 |Mar low C = 14.9 |Apr low C = 11.1 |May low C = 7.0 |Jun low C = 4.6 |Jul low C = 2.9 |Aug low C = 3.9 |Sep low C = 6.8 |Oct low C = 10.0 |Nov low C = 13.0 |Dec low C = 15.3 |year low C = 10.3 |Jan record low C = 7.9 |Feb record low C = 7.2 |Mar record low C = 5.9 |Apr record low C = -0.7 |May record low C = -2.2 |Jun record low C = -5.4 |Jul record low C = -6.0 |Aug record low C = -4.0 |Sep record low C = -1.8 |Oct record low C = 1.3 |Nov record low C = 3.8 |Dec record low C = 5.7 |year record low C = -6.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 79.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 97.3 |Mar precipitation mm = 89.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 67.1 |May precipitation mm = 53.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 66.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 35.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 40.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 38.3 |Oct precipitation mm = 60.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 75.1 |Dec precipitation mm = 56.4 |year precipitation mm = 788.0 |Jan precipitation days = 10.3 |Feb precipitation days = 11.0 |Mar precipitation days = 10.6 |Apr precipitation days = 9.4 |May precipitation days = 8.5 |Jun precipitation days = 9.0 |Jul precipitation days = 8.1 |Aug precipitation days = 7.6 |Sep precipitation days = 7.9 |Oct precipitation days = 9.6 |Nov precipitation days = 10.3 |Dec precipitation days = 9.2 |year precipitation days = 111.5 |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm |humidity colour = green |Jan afthumidity = 49 |Feb afthumidity = 52 |Mar afthumidity = 52 |Apr afthumidity = 52 |May afthumidity = 52 |Jun afthumidity = 53 |Jul afthumidity = 50 |Aug afthumidity = 43 |Sep afthumidity = 44 |Oct afthumidity = 47 |Nov afthumidity = 50 |Dec afthumidity = 46 |year humidity = 49 |source 1 =[8] |date=September 2018 }} EducationCamden is the location of research facilities for the veterinary and agricultural schools of the University of Sydney. The local government area has three public high schools, Camden High School, Elderslie High School and Elizabeth Macarthur High School, as well as eight Catholic and three Anglican schools. CultureThe Camden Show is an annual event which combines amusement park attractions with the elements of a state fair. Camden is served by three local radio stations, 2MCR, Vintage FM and C91.3FM. Local newspapers are the Camden Advertiser,[9] the District Reporter and the Macarthur Chronicle. PeopleDemographicsAccording to the 2016 census, there were 3,230 residents in Camden. In Camden, 80.0% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were England 4.5%, New Zealand 1.6%, Scotland 0.9%, Ireland 0.8% and Germany 0.6%. 87.8% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Spanish 0.6%, German 0.5%, Croatian 0.5%, Mandarin 0.4% and Italian 0.4%. The most common responses for religion in Camden were Catholic 30.7%, Anglican 26.4% and No Religion 19.9%.[1] PoliticsCamden lies within the local government area of Camden Council. The council consists of nine councillors; three for each of the three wards; North Ward (Bringelly, Rossmore, Leppington, Cobbitty, Oran Park, Catherine Field, Harrington Park, Kirkham), Central Ward (Mount Annan, Currans Hill, Smeaton Grange, Narellan Vale) and South Ward (Ellis Lane, Narellan, Grasmere, Camden, Elderslie, Spring Farm, Bickley Vale, Cawdor, Camden South). Lara Symkowiak was elected mayor in 2012. The southern part of the Camden LGA including Camden town center is contained within the federal electorate of Hume while the northern end of the LGA (north of Narellan Road) is within the federal electorate of Macarthur. The state seat of Camden covers all of the Camden LGA, and parts of the City of Campbelltown and the City of Liverpool. The state member for Camden is Chris Patterson, first elected in 2011. The federal member for Macarthur is Mike Freelander, first elected in 2016 and the federal member for Hume is Angus Taylor, first elected in 2013. Both Angus Taylor and Chris Patterson are members of the Liberal Party of Australia while Mike Freelander is a member of the Australian Labor Party. Planning issuesOn 27 May 2008 Camden Council rejected plans from the Quranic Society to build a 1,200-student Islamic school in the nearby suburb of Cawdor on planning grounds. The site was {{convert|2.5|km}} south of the centre of Camden adjacent to the Camden General Cemetery and {{convert|800|m}} north of the then recently relocated Camden High School. The issue received national[10] and international media coverage.[11] The proposal was opposed from within the local community, many expressing fear about the presence of Muslims in an area where relatively few Muslims live.[12] There were angry, racially based comments by a number of residents in Camden.[13] The Christian Democratic Party (CDP) opposed the proposal. Speaking at a public meeting in December 2007, CDP leader Fred Nile (present alongside Robert Balzola) said he opposed the school "because Islam opposed Christianity". A spokesman for the Quranic Society said it was "absurd" to claim that Muslims are anti-Christian.[14] In making its decision several council members, including Mayor Chris Patterson, said the school was inappropriate for the semi-rural area of Camden and likely to cause parking, traffic and other problems.[15] Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd indicated before the council decision that he wouldn't support the school on planning grounds.[16] The Quranic Society said it will appeal the Council's decision in the Land and Environment Court of New South Wales. In September 2008, a proposal to build a private Catholic school received media attention for not provoking the same sort of outcry as the previous proposal. News authority{{who|date=April 2014}} failed to note this school had already been located in Camden (Cobbity) for several years and was a special needs school. Some residents who were not supportive of the Islamic school now welcomed the Catholic school proposal. The Catholic school proposal is set in a different location, where it has been argued that such a development would be suitable.[17] On 2 June 2009, The Land and Environment Court passed down the decision to reject the appeal by the Quranic Society, with the court stating that the "development application was not suitable for the rural nature of the land."[18] Notable residents
References{{Refimprove|date=September 2008}}1. ^1 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC10770|name=Camden(State Suburb)|accessdate=2017-10-16|quick=on}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.camdenhistory.org.au/ | title = The History of Camden | publisher = Camden Historical Society | accessdate = 2007-06-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070831053827/http://www.camdenhistory.org.au/ | archive-date = 31 August 2007 | dead-url = no | df = dmy-all }} 3. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.camden.nsw.gov.au/page/history.html | title = The History of Camden | publisher = Camden Council | accessdate = 2007-06-10 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070403062554/http://www.camden.nsw.gov.au/page/history.html | archivedate = 3 April 2007 | df = dmy-all }} 4. ^{{cite web | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country= | accessdate = 2008-04-11 | postscript = | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080819030343/https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country= | archive-date = 19 August 2008 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }} 5. ^{{cite AHD|106176|Camden Post Office|fn=1/15/009/0001|accessdate=22 September 2018}} 6. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5045549|Macquarie Grove|hr=00493|fn=S91/02152, HC 860757, 10/19863|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 7. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5045372|Nant Gwylan and Garden|hr=00243|fn=S90/05887 & HC 32417|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_068192_All.shtml | title = Climate statistics for Camden Airport AWS | publisher = Bureau of Meteorology | accessdate = 28 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180928003533/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_068192_All.shtml | archive-date = 28 September 2018 | dead-url = no | df = dmy-all }} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.camdenadvertiser.com.au |title=camdenadvertiser.com.au |publisher=camdenadvertiser.com.au |date= |accessdate=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903035020/https://www.camdenadvertiser.com.au/ |archive-date=3 September 2018 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 10. ^Camden locals oppose proposed Islamic school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607094523/http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2007/s2090596.htm |date=7 June 2008 }}; Politicians, locals oppose Islamic school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226132731/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,22953152-12377,00.html |date=26 December 2007 }}; Backlash over new Islamic school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430041528/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/backlash-over-new-islamic-school/2007/11/06/1194117995331.html |date=30 April 2008 }}; Cops block mass Muslim protest {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223171416/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,22952908-5001021,00.html |date=23 December 2007 }}; Camden Council rejects Islamic school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530060311/http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/camden-council-rejects-islamic-school/2008/05/27/1211654029309.html |date=30 May 2008 }}; Anti-Islamic school Camden 'not racist' {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529022232/http://news.theage.com.au/national/antiislamic-school-camden-not-racist-20080524-2hr9.html |date=29 May 2008 }} 11. ^Town moves against Islamic school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530123200/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7416145.stm |date=30 May 2008 }}; Australia Muslim school rejected {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530030014/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7420907.stm |date=30 May 2008 }}; Australia Muslim school rejected {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528143825/http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=169680 |date=28 May 2008 }}. 12. ^Residents uneasy amid opposition to Muslim school {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528225658/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/12/20/2124578.htm |date=28 May 2008 }}; pigs heads staked at Islamic-school-site {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080806201937/http://camden.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/pigs-heads-staked-at-islamic-school-site/509903.aspx |date=6 August 2008 }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6DHdeFkbSQ |title=The Islamic school furore in Australia. Camden, Sydney |publisher=Youtube.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120709/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6DHdeFkbSQ |archive-date=17 April 2016 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/nile-party-behind-antimuslim-school-rally/2007/12/21/1198175341971.html |title=Nile party behind anti-Muslim school rally |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=2007-12-21 |accessdate=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430054048/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/nile-party-behind-antimuslim-school-rally/2007/12/21/1198175341971.html |archive-date=30 April 2008 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite news |first=Jonathon |last=Dart |title=Islamic school rejected |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/islamic-school-rejected/2008/05/27/1211654031529.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Fairfax |date=28 May 2008 |accessdate=2008-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530024923/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/islamic-school-rejected/2008/05/27/1211654031529.html |archive-date=30 May 2008 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}; {{cite news |first=John |last=Lyons |title=Camden Council votes down Islamic school |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23770582-5013404,00.html |work=The Australian |publisher=News.com.au |date=28 May 2008 |accessdate=2008-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528122456/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23770582-5013404,00.html |archive-date=28 May 2008 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 16. ^{{Cite web |url=http://camden.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/rudd-opposed-to-islamic-school/240600.aspx |title=Rudd opposed to Islamic school |access-date=2 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529051858/http://camden.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/rudd-opposed-to-islamic-school/240600.aspx |archive-date=29 May 2008 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/catholics-welcome-muslims-not/2008/09/08/1220857456711.html |title=smh.com.au |publisher=smh.com.au |date=2008-09-09 |accessdate=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909102854/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/catholics-welcome-muslims-not/2008/09/08/1220857456711.html |archive-date=9 September 2008 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/02/2586866.htm |title=Court rejects Sydney Islamic school – ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=2009-06-02 |accessdate=2013-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714232037/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/06/02/2586866.htm |archive-date=14 July 2009 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 19. ^{{Cite web|url = http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dwyer-james-francis-6065|title = Dwyer, James Francis (1874–1954)|date = 1981|accessdate = |website = Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher = Ken Stewart|last = Stewart|first = Ken|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141228190201/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/dwyer-james-francis-6065|archive-date = 28 December 2014|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url = http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macarthur-onslow-francis-arthur-7768|title = Macarthur-Onslow, Francis Arthur (1875–1938)|date = 1986|accessdate = |website = Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher = G.P Walsh|last = Walsh|first = G.P|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150327121825/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macarthur-onslow-francis-arthur-7768|archive-date = 27 March 2015|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url = http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macarthur-onslow-james-william-7287|title = Macarthur-Onslow, James William (1867–1946)|date = 1986|accessdate = 30 March 2015|website = Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher = |last = Walsh|first = G.P.|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402225024/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/macarthur-onslow-james-william-7287|archive-date = 2 April 2015|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url = http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/woodhill-joan-mary-15628|title = Woodhill, Joan Mary|date = 2012|accessdate = |website = Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher = |last = Brown|first = Dianna|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402203009/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/woodhill-joan-mary-15628|archive-date = 2 April 2015|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url = http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/stuckey-roy-darrell-15791|title = Stuckey, Roy Darrell (1900–1985)|date = 2012|accessdate = 30 March 2015|website = Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher = |last = Knight|first = Kenneth W.|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150404051452/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/stuckey-roy-darrell-15791|archive-date = 4 April 2015|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} External links{{Commons category}}
4 : Suburbs of Sydney|Camden, New South Wales|Populated places established in 1840|1840 establishments in Australia |
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