“Crowcombe Heathfield railway station”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Crowcombe Heathfield railway station is a station on the West Somerset Railway, a heritage railway in Somerset, England. It is situated {{convert|2|mi|km}} from the village of Crowcombe.

History

Crowcombe Heathfield station was first opened on 31 March 1862 when the West Somerset Railway was opened from Norton Junction to {{stnlnk|Watchet}}. The railway was operated by the Bristol and Exeter Railway which became a part of the Great Western Railway in 1876, but the West Somerset Railway remained an independent company until 1922 when it too was absorbed by the Great Western.^[1]

When the station first opened there was just one platform, on the east side of the line, on what is now the "up" side towards {{stnlnk|Taunton}}. A "down" loop line and second platform were opened in 1879, together with an accompanying signal box at its north eastern end. The developments also included an extension of the existing goods siding west of the station, accessed via the western throat, which was extended to the road overbridge. W.G.King's had a quarry at Triscombe, and had built their own {{RailGauge|2ft}} tramway transporting stone from the quarry to a stone-crusher, and then onwards to either: a tarmac/concrete plant located adjacent to the Station Master's House; or a tipper parallel to the goods siding, and hence loaded on to its own set of 5 plank {{convert|10|lt|kg}} private owner wagons.^[2]

On 1 December 1889 the station was renamed as plain "Crowcombe" to avoid confusion with {{stnlnk|Heathfield (Devon)}} on the Moretonhampstead branch in Devon. The loop was extended in 1934 to cope with long holiday trains running to {{stnlnk|Minehead}}, leaving the signal box now sited midway down the western platform; the eastern ends of the platforms to this day are made up of different materials.

WSR

The station reopened on 9 June 1979; the West Somerset Railway was now a heritage railway operating steam and diesel trains from Minehead to and Bishops Lydeard. The WSR removed the goods siding, and left the down side loop out of action. The station was still known as Crowcombe for a while, but the name was returned to Crowcombe Heathfield in 1991.

Description

Located in a small local valley, the station stands at the highest point on the line, just under {{convert|400|ft|m}} above sea level.^[4] The station has been designated by English Heritage as a grade II listed building.^[5] The railway workers' cottages and station master's house, together with the main station building, are the only original structures left. A display of permanent way can be found on the western platform and includes a portion of {{RailGauge|7ft}} broad gauge "baulk road" as was originally used on the line.^[3]

Loop and signal box

The station stands at the highest point on the line, just under {{convert|400|ft|m}} above sea level, approached by a 1:86 gradient either side.^[4] This has always slowed the operating time on the long section between {{stnlnk|Bishops Lydeard}} and {{stnlnk|Williton}}, resulting in total capacity restrictions on the whole line to {{stnlnk|Minehead}}. Increasing seasonal passenger traffic to {{stnlnk|Minehead}}, was the driver behind the B&ER installing a loop at the station in 1879, doubling maximum traffic to a total of four trains per hour.

When the WSR reopened the line only the eastern "up" platform line was certified for operation. The resultant long-section between {{stnlnk|Bishops Lydeard}} and {{stnlnk|Williton}} meant that the line could only operate a maximum of two trains which were timed to pass at {{stnlnk|Williton}} which is about half way along the {{convert|20|mi}} line. The station's loop was reinstated in May 1994 so a new signal box was required. A small standard-pattern GWR signal box was made using an upper wooden section reclaimed from the closed Ebbw Vale Sidings South in South Wales which was mounted on a newly constructed standard-height brick locking room. This has access steps on the southern side rather than the northern side as before. The 34 lever tappet-locking frame was first installed at Marsh Junction, Bristol, and then moved to Frome North in 1970. It was bought directly by the WSR after that signal box closed in 1984, and reinstalled in its current location, with 29 operating levers. The two loops were purposefully installed with linked-operated catch-points, which allows full two-train operations.^[3]

The signalling design allows the signal box to be switched-out of operation at quiet times when trains do not need to pass here. Three token boxes are hence provided at the signal boxes at {{stnlnk|Bishops Lydeard}} and {{stnlnk|Williton}}, and the signal box has two extra levers to allow the signalman to passover section control.^[6]

Films made at Crowcombe

Services

Trains run between {{stnlnk|Minehead}} and {{stnlnk|Bishops Lydeard}} at weekends and on some other days from March to October, daily during the late spring and summer, and on certain days during the winter.^[10]

References

1. ^{{cite book| last = MacDermot| first = E T| title = History of the Great Western Railway |edition= 1|volume= 2 (1863-1921)| publisher = Great Western Railway| year = 1931| location = London}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fochs.org.uk/history.html|title=History|publisher=Friends of Crowcombe Heathfield railway station|accessdate=17 May 2014}}
3. ^¹²{{cite book| last = Oakley| first = Mike| title = Somerset Railway Stations| publisher = Redcliffe Press| year = 2006| location = Bristol| isbn = 1-904537-54-5}}
4. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.steamsounds.co.uk/pdf/steamsounds_in_west_somerset.pdf |title=Steam sounds in Somerset |publisher=Steam sounds |accessdate=2009-08-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008160414/http://www.steamsounds.co.uk/pdf/steamsounds_in_west_somerset.pdf |archivedate=2011-10-08 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web | title=Crowcombe Station | work=Images of England | url=http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?id=265107 | accessdate=2007-11-17}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.signalbox.org/branches/kw/crowcombe.htm|title=Crowcombe Heathfield|publisher=signalbox.org|accessdate=17 May 2014}}
7. ^¹{{cite book |last= Horton |first= Glyn |title= Horton's Guide to Britain's Railways in Feature Films |origyear= 2007 |year= 2009 |publisher= Silver Link Publishing |location= Kettering |isbn= 978-1-85794-334-4 }}
8. ^{{cite journal | last = Jones | first = Nick | title = Return of the Flockton Flyer | journal = West Somerset Railway Journal | issue = 125 | pages = 12–13 | publisher = West Somerset Railway Association | year = 2009 | accessdate = }}
9. ^{{cite web | title = The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe | work = Internet Movie Database | publisher = Internet Movie Database | url = https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0094500/ | accessdate = 2009-08-12}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://westsomersetrailway.vticket.co.uk/calendar.php | title = Timetables | publisher = West Somerset Railway | date= 2014| accessdate = 6 July 2014}}