| 词条 | Cape Arid National Park |
| 释义 |
| type = protected | name = Cape Arid National Park | state = wa | iucn_category = II | image = Yokinup Bay WA.JPG | caption = Yokinup Bay, Cape Arid | image_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|33|42|14|S|123|22|10|E|display=inline,title}} | relief = yes | pushpin_label_position = top | map_alt = | nearest_town_or_city = | area = 2794.46 | area_footnotes = [1] | established = 1969 | established_footnotes = | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | visitation_footnotes = | managing_authorities = Department of Environment and Conservation | url = }} Cape Arid National Park is an Australian national park located in Western Australia, {{convert|731|km|mi|0}} southeast of Perth. The park is situated {{convert|120|km|mi|0}} east of Esperance[2] and lies on shore from the eastern end of the Recherche Archipelago. The bay at its eastern side is Israelite Bay, a locality often mentioned in Bureau of Meteorology weather reports as a geographical marker. The western end is known as Duke of Orleans Bay. Its coastline is defined by Cape Arid, a bay called Sandy Bight and, further east, Cape Pasley.[3] HistoryThe first European to discover the area was the French Admiral Bruni D'Entrecasteaux in 1792 and he named it Cap Aride; Matthew Flinders anglicized the name in 1802 and the park took its name from this feature. Pioneer graziers arrived in the area in the 1870s and the ruins of homesteads, dams and buildings as well as gravesites can be found near Pine Hill and Thomas Fishery. Bay whaling was conducted by Thomas Sherratt at Barrier Anchorage in the 1870s.[4] John Thomas also seems to have had a bay whaling operation in the 1860s at Thomas's Fishery. EnvironmentGeographyThe area is composed of sandy beaches and rocky headlands to the south with low granite hills extending to the north to join the jagged Russell Range that is primarily composed of pre-cambrian quartzite. The highest point of the park is Tower Peak, located within the Range, which reaches a height of {{convert|594|m|ft|0}}. The eastern boundary of the park joins the western side of Nuytsland Nature Reserve.[5] Sand-plains that are rich in flora surround the hill areas. FaunaA wide variety of habitat exists within the park which supports a wide variety of flora and fauna. The park is an important site for the bird life in Western Australia. It is home to over 160 species of birds including some that are endangered and restricted. Some of the birds found in the park include: the western ground parrot, the Australasian bittern, Carnaby's cockatoo and Cape Barren geese.[6] Fauna that can be found include the western brush wallaby, quenda, the southern bush rat, many small marsupial predators and a variety of reptiles and amphibians. A rare and primitive species of ant of the genus Nothomyrmecia is thought to inhabit the area.[7] FloraVegetation found within the park is mostly on young dune systems that have large communities of coastal heath with smaller systems of yate, banksia, paperbark and mallee. Species of orchid and ferns exist near Mount Ragged including a small population of the sticky-tail flower (Anthocersis viscosa). TrailsMany walk trails can be found in the park, including the Len Otte Nature Trail, Tagon Coastal Trail, Boolenup Walk Trail and walks up both Mount Ragged and Mount Arid. The most accessible campsite is at Thomas River with conventional drive access, barbecues, toilets and water tanks. Other campsites at Mount Ragged, Poison Creek and Deal Creek are only accessible by four-wheel drive vehicles. See also
References1. ^{{cite journal|year=2010 |title=Department of Environment and Conservation 2009–2010 Annual Report |pages=48 |publisher=Department of Environment and Conservation |issn=1835-114X |url=http://www.dec.wa.gov.au/content/view/6139/2345/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111124319/http://www.dec.wa.gov.au/content/view/6139/2345/ |archivedate=11 January 2011 |df=dmy }} {{National Parks of Western Australia}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.breakloose.com.au/html/adventure_articles/regional/wa/golden_outback/es_cape_arid_np.php |title=Australian Adventure Directory - A guide to Cape Arid National Park at Esperance, Western Australia |year=2009 |accessdate=29 March 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108130529/http://www.breakloose.com.au/html/adventure_articles/regional/wa/golden_outback/es_cape_arid_np.php |archivedate=8 January 2009 |df=dmy }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazd01?rec=277920 |title=Place Names Search: Cape Pesley |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia 2010 |accessdate=4 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604234216/http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazd01?rec=277920 |archivedate=4 June 2011 }} 4. ^Martin Gibbs, The Shore Whalers of Western Australia; Historical Archaeology of a Maritime Frontier, Sydney University Press, 2010, pp.142-3. 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dec.wa.gov.au/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=4229&Itemid= |title=Department of Environment and Conservation - Cape Arid and Eucla National Parks |year=2007 |accessdate=15 May 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128015925/http://www.dec.wa.gov.au/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=4229&Itemid= |archivedate=28 January 2011 |df=dmy }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dec.wa.gov.au/component/option,com_hotproperty/task,view/id,106/Itemid,755/|title=Department of Environment and Conservation - Parkfinder - Cape Arid National Park |year=2009|accessdate=26 September 2010}} 7. ^{{cite AHD|9814|Cape Arid National Park|date=2010|accessdate=21 November 2010}} 5 : National parks of Western Australia|Goldfields-Esperance|Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands|Protected areas established in 1969|Whaling stations in Australia |
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