| 词条 | Chamaecyparis pisifera | |||
| 释义 |
| image = Chamaecyparis pisifera.jpg | image_caption = Chamaecyparis pisifera Morton Arboretum acc. 745-27*4 | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Chamaecyparis | species = pisifera | authority = (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. }}Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sawara cypress or Sawara {{lang-ja|サワラ |translit=Sawara}}) is a species of false cypress, native to central and southern Japan, on the islands of Honshū and Kyūshū.[1][2] It is a slow-growing coniferous tree growing to 35–50 m tall with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter. The bark is red-brown, vertically fissured and with a stringy texture. The foliage is arranged in flat sprays; adult leaves are scale-like, 1.5–2 mm long, with pointed tips (unlike the blunt tips of the leaves of the related Chamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki cypress), green above, green below with a white stomatal band at the base of each scale-leaf; they are arranged in opposite decussate pairs on the shoots. The juvenile leaves, found on young seedlings, are needle-like, 4–8 mm long, soft and glaucous bluish-green. The cones are globose, 4–8 mm diameter, with 6–10 scales arranged in opposite pairs, maturing in autumn about 7–8 months after pollination.[1] The Latin specific epithet pisifera, “pea-bearing”, refers to the small round green cones.[3] A related cypress found on Taiwan, Chamaecyparis formosensis (Formosan cypress), differs in longer ovoid cones 6–10 mm long with 10–16 scales.[1] The extinct Eocene species Chamaecyparis eureka, known from fossils found on Axel Heiberg Island in Canada, is noted to be very similar to C. pisifera.[4] UsesIt is grown for its timber in Japan, where it is used as a material for building palaces, temples, shrines and baths, and making coffins, though less valued than the timber of C. obtusa. The wood is lemon-scented and light-colored with a rich, straight grain, and is rot resistant.[5] It is also a popular ornamental tree in parks and gardens, both in Japan and elsewhere in temperate climates including western Europe and parts of North America. A large number of cultivars have been selected for garden planting, including dwarf forms, forms with yellow or blue-green leaves, and forms retaining the juvenile needle-like foliage; particularly popular juvenile foliage cultivars include 'Plumosa', 'Squarrosa' and 'Boulevard'.[5] In cultivation in the UK the following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit[6] (confirmed 2017):[7]
References1. ^1 2 Farjon, A. (2005). Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. {{ISBN|1-84246-068-4}} 2. ^1 {{IUCN2006|assessor=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=42213|title=Chamaecyparis pisifera|downloaded=12 May 2006}} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Harrison |first=Lorraine |title=RHS Latin for Gardeners |year=2012 |publisher=Mitchell Beazley |location=United Kingdom |isbn=184533731X }} 4. ^{{cite journal |last1=Kotyk |first1=M.E.A. |author2=Basinger, J.F.|author3=McIlver, E.E. |year=2003 |title=Early Tertiary Chamaecyparis Spach from Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic |journal= Canadian Journal of Botany |volume=81 |pages=113–130 |doi= 10.1139/B03-007}} 5. ^1 Dallimore, W., & Jackson, A. B. (1966). A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae 4th ed. Arnold. 6. ^{{cite web | url= | title = RHS Plantfinder - | accessdate=12 January 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 16 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 24 January 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/91501/i-Chamaecyparis-pisifera-i-Boulevard/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Boulevard’| accessdate = 30 January 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/97370/i-Chamaecyparis-pisifera-i-Filifera-Aurea/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Filifera Aurea’| accessdate = 30 January 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/99348/i-Chamaecyparis-pisifera-i-Plumosa-Compressa/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Plumosa Compressa’| accessdate = 30 January 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/99057/i-Chamaecyparis-pisifera-i-Sungold/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Sungold’| accessdate = 30 January 2018}} External links
9 : Chamaecyparis|Endemic flora of Japan|Trees of Japan|Five sacred trees of Kiso|Least concern biota of Asia|Least concern plants|Garden plants of Asia|Plants used in bonsai|Ornamental trees |
|||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。