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词条 4486 Mithra
释义

  1. Orbit and classification

      Close approaches  

  2. Physical characteristics

      Rotation period and shape    Diameter and albedo  

  3. Naming

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 4486 Mithra
| background = #FFC2E0
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref =  
| discovered = 22 September 1987
| discoverer = E. W. Elst
V. G. Shkodrov
| discovery_site = Rozhen Obs. – Smolyan
| mpc_name = (4486) Mithra
| alt_names = 1987 SB{{·}}{{mp|1974 DN|1}}
| named_after = Mithra{{·}}Mitra
{{nowrap|{{small|(proto-Indo-Iranian religion)}}[2]}}
| mp_category = NEO{{·}}Apollo{{·}}PHA [4]
| orbit_ref =  
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 29.04 yr (10,607 days)
| aphelion = 3.6582 AU
| perihelion = 0.7417 AU
| semimajor = 2.2000 AU
| eccentricity = 0.6629
| period = 3.26 yr (1,192 days)
| mean_anomaly = 91.928°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.3020|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 3.0395°
| asc_node = 82.240°
| arg_peri = 168.87°
| moid = 0.0463 AU{{·}}18 LD
| dimensions = {{val|1.849|0.022}} km[6][7]
2.25 km {{small|(calculated)}}[8]
| rotation = {{val|67.5|6}} h[9]
{{val|100}} h[10]
| albedo = 0.20 {{small|(assumed)}}[8]
{{val|0.297|0.056}}[6][7]
| spectral_type = S [8]
| abs_magnitude = 15.6[6][8]{{·}}{{val|15.68|0.31}}[18]
}}

4486 Mithra, provisional designation {{mp|1987 SB}}, is an eccentric asteroid and suspected contact-binary, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid, approximately 2 kilometers in diameter. It belongs to the Apollo group of asteroids and is a relatively slow rotator.

The asteroid was discovered on 22 September 1987, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst and Bulgarian astronomer Vladimir Shkodrov at Rozhen Observatory, in the Smolyan Province of Bulgaria.[4] It was named after the Indo-Iranian divinity Mithra.[2]

Orbit and classification

Mithra orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.7–3.7 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,192 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.66 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. In 1974, Mithra was first identified as {{mp|1974 DN|1}} at Crimea–Nauchnij. The body's observation arc begins 8 months prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at the Japanese Kiso Observatory in January 1987.[4]

Close approaches

As a potentially hazardous asteroid, it has a low minimum orbit intersection distance with Earth of {{convert |0.0463 |AU |km |abbr=on |sigfig=3}} or 18 lunar distances. On 14 August 2000, it passed {{convert |0.0465 |AU |km |abbr=on |sigfig=3}} from Earth.[24]

Physical characteristics

Rotation period and shape

Radar imaging using a delay-Doppler technique at the Arecibo and Goldstone observatories rendered a rotation period of {{val|67.5|6}} hours.[9] Based on the radar analysis, Mithra is also a strong candidate for a contact binary, which is composed of two distinct lobes in mutual contact, held together by their weak gravitational attraction. They typically show a bifurcated, dumbbell-like shape (also see 4769 Castalia).[9][27] A large number of near-Earth objects are believed to be contact-binaries.[28]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Mithra measures 1.85 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.297, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 2.25 kilometer with an absolute magnitude of 15.6.[6][7][8]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Mithra (also see Mitra), deity in the proto-Indo-Iranian religion. The mystery religion of Mithraism was practiced in the Roman Empire between the 1st and 4th century. Considered to be a rival of early Christianity, both religions shared similar characteristics such as elevation and the ritual of baptism. In the Hellenistic world, Mithra was conflated with Apollo. The asteroid 1862 Apollo is the namesake of this asteroid's orbital group.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 5 September 1990 ({{small|M.P.C. 16885}}).[33]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4486 Mithra (1987 SB) |url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2004486;old=0;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=1#cad |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 10 August 2016}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (4486) Mithra |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 386 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4429 |chapter = (4486) Mithra }}
3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title = 4486 Mithra (1987 SB) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=4486 |accessdate = 10 August 2016}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 10 August 2016}}
5. ^1 {{cite web |date = 2013-11-18 |title = Binary and Ternary near-Earth Asteroids detected by radar |publisher = NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research |author = Lance A. M. Benner |url = http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/~lance/binary.neas.html |accessdate = 2014-03-01}}
6. ^1 {{cite web |author = Michael Busch |date = 12 March 2012 |title = Near-Earth Asteroids and Radar Speckle Tracking |url = http://www.aoc.nrao.edu/events/nmsymposium/2012/talks/Busch_2012_New_Mexico_Symposium.pdf |accessdate = 10 August 2016}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (4486) Mithra |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=4486%7CMithra |accessdate = 10 August 2016}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 }}
9. ^1 {{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = S. J. |last1 = Ostro |first2 = R. S. |last2 = Hudson |first3 = L. A. M. |last3 = Benner |first4 = M. C. |last4 = Nolan |first5 = J.-L. |last5 = Margot |first6 = J. D. |last6 = Giorgini |first7 = R. F. |last7 = Jurgens |first8 = R. |last8 = Rose |first9 = D. K. |last9 = Yeomans |date = October 2000 |title = Radar Observations of Asteroid 4486 Mithra |journal = American Astronomical Society |volume = 32 |page = 1003 |bibcode = 2000DPS....32.0807O }}
10. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Marina |last1 = Brozovic |first2 = Lance A. M. |last2 = Benner |first3 = Christopher |last3 = Magri |first4 = Steven J. |last4 = Ostro |first5 = Daniel J. |last5 = Scheeres |first6 = Jon D. |last6 = Giorgini |first7 = Michael C. |last7 = Nolan |first8 = Jean-Luc |last8 = Margot |first9 = Raymond F. |last9 = Jurgens |first10 = Randy |last10 = Rose |date = July 2010 |title = Radar observations and a physical model of contact binary Asteroid 4486 Mithra |journal = Icarus |volume = 208 |issue = 1 |pages = 207–220 |bibcode = 2010Icar..208..207B |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.035 }}
11. ^1 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 }}
12. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = J. |last4 = Masiero |first5 = R. S. |last5 = McMillan |first6 = R. M. |last6 = Cutri |first7 = R. |last7 = Walker |first8 = E. |last8 = Wright |first9 = P. |last9 = Eisenhardt |first10 = D. J. |last10 = Tholen |first11 = T. |last11 = Spahr |first12 = R. |last12 = Jedicke |first13 = L. |last13 = Denneau |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T. |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = E. |last18 = Hand |first19 = W. |last19 = Mo |first20 = J. |last20 = Watkins |first21 = A. |last21 = Wilkins |first22 = G. L. |last22 = Bryngelson |first23 = A. |last23 = Del Pino Molina |first24 = S. |last24 = Desai |first25 = M. |last25 = Gómez Camus |first26 = S. L. |last26 = Hidalgo |first27 = I. |last27 = Konstantopoulos |first28 = J. A. |last28 = Larsen |first29 = C. |last29 = Maleszewski |first30 = M. A. |last30 = Malkan |first31 = J.-C. |last31 = Mauduit |first32 = B. L. |last32 = Mullan |first33 = E. W. |last33 = Olszewski |first34 = J. |last34 = Pforr |first35 = A. |last35 = Saro |first36 = J. V. |last36 = Scotti |first37 = L. H. |last37 = Wasserman |date = December 2011 |title = NEOWISE Observations of Near-Earth Objects: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 743 |issue = 2 |page = 17 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...743..156M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/156 |arxiv = 1109.6400 }}
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

}}

External links

  • (4486) Mithra at NeoDys, Near Earth Objects – Dynamic Site
  • Radar observations and a physical model of contact binary Asteroid 4486 Mithra – Science Direct
  • 3D Model Rotating image of the asteroid
  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
  • {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |4485 Radonezhskij |number=4486 |4487 Pocahontas}}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mithra}}

9 : Apollo asteroids|Discoveries by Eric Walter Elst|Discoveries by Vladimir Shkodrov|Minor planets named from Greek mythology|Named minor planets|Contact binary (asteroid)|Potentially hazardous asteroids|S-type asteroids|Astronomical objects discovered in 1987
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