词条 | Charles François de Cisternay du Fay |
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|name = Charles François de Cisternay du Fay |image =Charles_François_de_Cisternay_du_Fay.jpg |image_size =150px |caption = Charles François de Cisternay du Fay |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1698|9|14}} |birth_place = Paris |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1739|7|16|1698|9|14}} |death_place = Paris |residence = Paris |citizenship = |nationality = French |ethnicity = |field = chemistry |work_institutions = |alma_mater = |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = electric charge |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |prizes = |religion = christian |footnotes = |signature = }} Charles François de Cisternay du Fay (14 September 1698 – 16 July 1739) was a French chemist and superintendent of the Jardin du Roi. He discovered the existence of two types of electricity and named them "vitreous" and "resinous" (later known as positive and negative charge respectively). He noted the difference between conductors and insulators, calling them 'electrics' and 'non-electrics' for their ability to produce contact electrification. He also discovered that alike-charged objects would repel each other and that unlike-charged objects attract. He also disproved certain misconceptions regarding electric charge, such as that of Dr. Stephen Gray who believed that electric properties of a body depended on its colour. Du Fay's observations on electricity were reported in a paper written in December 1733 and printed in Volume 38 of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1734. He became a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1723. Du Fay died of smallpox in 1739.[1] PublicationsAll Du Fay's publications appeared in the journal Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences: avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique pour les mêmes années
References1. ^The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s, Joseph F. Keithley, p. 20 External links
5 : 1698 births|1739 deaths|French chemists|Fellows of the Royal Society|Members of the French Academy of Sciences |
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