| 词条 | Charles III, Prince of Monaco |
| 释义 |
| name = Charles III | image = Karl III (Monaco).jpg | succession = Prince of Monaco | reign = 20 June 1856 – 10 September 1889 | predecessor = Florestan I | successor = Albert I | spouse = Antoinette de Mérode | issue = Albert I, Prince of Monaco | house = Grimaldi | father = Florestan I of Monaco | mother = Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz | birth_date = {{Birth date|1818|12|8|df=y}} | birth_place = Paris, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1889|9|10|1818|12|8|df=y}} | death_place = Château de Marchais | burial_place = Saint Nicholas Cathedral Monaco-Ville, Monaco | full name = Charles Honoré Grimaldi }}Charles III (8 December 1818 – 10 September 1889) was Prince of Monaco and Duke of Valentinois from 20 June 1856 to his death. He was the founder of the famous casino in Monte Carlo, as his title in Monegasque and Italian was Carlo III.[1] He was born in Paris Charles Honoré Grimaldi, the only son of Florestan I of Monaco and Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz. Marriage and reignWhile he was Hereditary Prince, Charles was married on 28 September 1846 in Brussels to Countess Antoinette de Mérode-Westerloo.[2] He succeeded his father Prince Florestan I in 1856. During his reign, the towns of Menton and Roquebrune, constituting some 80 percent of Monegasque territory, were formally ceded to France, paving the way for formal French recognition of Monaco's independence. Rebellions in these towns, aided by the Kingdom of Sardinia, had exhausted Monaco's military resources for decades.[2] The Principality was in dire need of cash flow,[3] so Prince Charles and his mother, Princess Caroline, had the idea of erecting a casino.[5] The Monte Carlo Casino was done, according to the Prince's liking, in the German style and placed at the sight of Les Spélugues.[6] Monte Carlo (in English, Mount Charles) itself takes its name from Charles, after all its founder.[4][5] Charles established a society (business) to run the Casino; this society is today the Société des bains de mer de Monaco.[3] Under Charles III, the Principality of Monaco increased its diplomatic activities; for example, in 1864, Charles III concluded a Treaty of Friendship with the Bey of Tunis, Muhammad III as-Sadiq, which also regulated trade and maritime issues.[6] HonoursHe was the 182nd Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} Monte Carlo is named after Charles III. It stands for the "Mount Charles" in Italian. Charles III served in the French Navy during the Franco-Prussian War, earning for his service the Cross of Knight of the Legion of Honor.[7] The Order of Saint-Charles was instituted on 15 March 1858, during the reign of Prince Charles III.[2] DeathIn his middle years his sight greatly weakened, and by the last decade of his life he had become almost totally blind. In fact, Dr. Thomas Henry Pickering wrote in 1882: "So far back as 1860, Prince Charles lost his eyesight...."[7] He died at Château de Marchais on 10 September 1889.[2] He was succeeded by his son Albert I of Monaco. CoinOn 1 June 2016, fifteen thousand 2 euro coins were issued by Monaco; commemorating the 150th anniversary of the foundation of Monte Carlo by Charles III[8] Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1.Charles III, Prince of Monaco |2= 2. Florestan I, Prince of Monaco |3= 3. Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz |4= 4. Honoré IV, Prince of Monaco |5= 5. Louise Félicité d'Aumont, Duchess Mazarin |6= 6. Charles Thomas Gibert de Lametz |7= 7. Marie Françoise Le Gras de Vaubercey |8= 8. Honoré III, Prince of Monaco |9= 9. Maria Caterina Brignole Sale |10= 10. Louis Marie d'Aumont, 6th Duke of Aumont |11= 11. Louise Jeanne de Durfort, Duchess Mazarin |12= 12. Thomas Gibert |13= 13. Françoise Moret |14= 14. François Louis Michel Le Gras de Vaubercey |15= 15. Gabrielle Françoise des Courtils |16= 16. Jacques I, Prince of Monaco |17= 17. Louise Hippolyte, Princess of Monaco |18= 18. Giuseppe Brignole Sale, 7th Marquis of Groppoli |19= 19. Maria Anna Balbi |20= 20. Louis Marie d'Aumont, 5th Duke of Aumont |21= 21. Victoire Félicité de Durfort |22= 22. Emmanuel Félicité de Durfort, 4th Duke of Duras |23= 23. Charlotte-Antoinette de La Porte Mazarin |24= 24. Simon Gibert |25= 25. Marie Louise Prévost |26= 26. Noël Augustin Moret |27= 27. Madeleine Thérèse Galleran |28= 28. François Edouard Michel Le Gras de Vaubercey |29= 29. Louise de Lormeaux |30= 30. Jean Baptiste François des Courtils, Lord of Bessy-Montbertoin |31= 31. Marie Marguerite de Lafons d'Hardecourt }} References1. ^Referred to also as Carlo III. {{s-start}}{{s-hou|House of Grimaldi|8 December|1818|10 September|1889|House of Matignon}}{{s-reg}}{{s-bef|before=Florestan I}}{{s-ttl|title=Prince of Monaco|years=1856–1889}}{{s-aft|after=Albert I}}{{s-roy|mc}}{{s-bef|rows=2|before=Florestan I}}{{s-ttl|title=Hereditary Prince of Monaco|years=1841–1856}}{{s-aft|rows=2|after=Albert I}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Saige|first1=Gustave|title=Monaco: Ses Origines et Son Histoire|date=1897|publisher=Imprimerie de Monaco|accessdate=1 December 2017}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Walsh|first1=John|title=All that glitters in Monte Carlo|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/all-that-glitters-in-monte-carlo-8639110.html|website=The Independent (UK)|accessdate=2 December 2017|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603045105/http://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/all-that-glitters-in-monte-carlo-8639110.html|archivedate=3 June 2013|df=}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Englund|first1=Steven|title=Grace of Monaco: An Interpretive Biography|date=May 1, 1984|publisher=Doubleday|isbn=978-0385188128|edition=Hardcover}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Bonarrigo|first1=Sabrina|title="Entretenir la flamme 'Monte-Carlo'"|url=http://www.monacohebdo.mc/17106-entretenir-la-flamme-monte-carlo|website=Monaco Hebdo|accessdate=2 December 2017|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616180958/http://www.monacohebdo.mc/17106-entretenir-la-flamme-monte-carlo|archivedate=16 June 2016|df=}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Mad for Monaco: H.S.H. Prince Charles III|url=http://madmonaco.blogspot.com/2009/07/hsh-prince-charles-iii.html|accessdate=1 December 2017}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Pickering|first1=Dr. Thomas Henry|title=Monaco: The Beauty Spot of the Riviera|date=1882|publisher=Fleet Printing Works|url=https://archive.org/details/monacobeautyspo00pickgoog|accessdate=1 December 2017}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Nouvelle face nationale de pièces en euros destinées à la circulation|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/fr/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:JOC_2016_101_R_0003|website=Journal Officiel de l'Union Européenne|publisher=European Union|accessdate=2 December 2017}} |-{{s-ttl|title=Marquis of Baux|years=1841–1856}}{{s-reg|other}}{{s-bef|before=Florestan I}}{{s-ttl|title=Duke of Valentinois|years=1856–1889}}{{s-aft|after=Albert I}}{{s-end}}{{Monegasque princes}}{{Princes of Monaco}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Charles 03 Of Monaco, Prince}}{{monaco-bio-stub}} 17 : 1818 births|1889 deaths|Roman Catholic monarchs|House of Grimaldi|Hereditary Princes of Monaco|Princes of Monaco|Burials at the Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate, Monaco|Monegasque princes|Marquesses of Baux|People from Paris|Order of Saint-Charles|Grand Masters of the Order of Saint-Charles|Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles|Monegasque people of Italian descent|People of Ligurian descent|Monégasque people of Lorrainian descent|Dukes of Valentinois |
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