| 词条 | Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = The Lord Ritchie of Dundee | honorific-suffix = PC | image = Charles Thomson Ritchie headshot.jpg | imagesize = 200px | office1 = President of the Board of Trade | term_start1 = 29 June 1895 | term_end1 = 7 November 1900 | monarch1 = Victoria | primeminister1 = The Marquess of Salisbury | predecessor1 = James Bryce | successor1 = Gerald Balfour | office2 = Home Secretary | term_start2 = 12 November 1900 | term_end2 = 12 July 1902 | monarch2 = Victoria Edward VII | primeminister2 = The Marquess of Salisbury | predecessor2 = Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bt | successor2 = Aretas Akers-Douglas | order3 = Chancellor of the Exchequer | term_start3 = 11 August 1902 | term_end3 = 9 October 1903 | monarch3 = Edward VII | primeminister3 = Arthur Balfour | predecessor3 = Sir Michael Hicks Beach, Bt | successor3 = Austen Chamberlain | birth_date = {{birth date|1838|11|19|df=yes}} | birth_place = Dundee, Scotland | death_date = {{death date and age|1906|1|9|1838|11|19|df=yes}} | death_place = Biarritz, France | restingplace = Kensal Green Cemetery, London, England | nationality = British | party = Conservative | alma_mater = | spouse = }} Charles Thomson Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee {{postnominals|coutnry=GBR|PC}} (19 November 1838 – 9 January 1906) was a British businessman and Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1874 until 1905 when he was raised to the peerage. He served as Home Secretary from 1900 to 1902 and as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1902 to 1903. Background and educationRitchie was born at Dundee, Scotland, the third son of William Ritchie, of Rockhill near Broughty Ferry in Forfarshire, head of the firm of William Ritchie & Sons, of London and Dundee, East India merchants, jute spinners and manufacturers. The Ritchie family had long been connected with the town of Dundee. His elder brother James Thomson Ritchie was Lord Mayor of London from 1903 to 1904 and was created a Baronet in 1903 (a title which became extinct on his death. Ritchie was educated at the City of London School, after which he went into the family business. He married Margaret Ower, daughter of Thomas Ower of Perth, on 7 December 1858. Political careerIn 1874 was returned to parliament as Conservative member for the Tower Hamlets. In 1885 he was made secretary to the Admiralty, and from 1886 to 1892 was President of the Local Government Board in Lord Salisbury's second administration, sitting as member for St George in the East. He was responsible for the Local Government Act 1888, instituting county councils; and a large section of the Conservative party always owed him a grudge for having originated the London County Council. In Lord Salisbury's later ministries, as member for Croydon (1895–1906), he was President of the Board of Trade (1895–1900) and Home Secretary (1900–1902); and when Sir Michael Hicks-Beach retired in August 1902, he became Chancellor of the Exchequer in Balfour's cabinet.[1] In his earlier years he had been a fair-trader and he was strongly opposed to Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain's movement for a preferential tariff, leading to his sacking by Balfour in September 1903. Ritchie's son in law, the Scottish architect Mervyn McCartney, built a country house for Ritchie, Welders House, in the Buckinghamshire village of Jordans.[2] On 22 December 1905, he was created a peer as Baron Ritchie of Dundee, of Welders in the Parish of Chalfont St Giles in the County of Buckingham.[3] However, he was in ill-health, and died at Biarritz in January 1906. He is buried at Kensal Green Cemetery, London.[4] He was succeeded in the title by his second but only surviving son, Charles. Arms{{Infobox COA wide|image = |escutcheon = Argent an Anchor Sable on a Chief of the last three Lions' Heads erased of the first |crest = Out of an Eastern Crown Or an Unicorn's Head Argent armed of the first and charged on the neck with an Anchor Sable |supporters = On either side an Unicorn Gules gorged with an Eastern Crown Or the dexter charged on the shoulder with a Purse Or and the sinister with a Balance also Or |motto = Virtute Acquiritur Honos (Honour is acquired by virtue) [5]}} Notes1. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Mr Balfour´s Ministry - full list of appointments |day_of_week=Saturday |date=9 August 1902 |page_number=5 |issue=36842| }} {{refimprove|date=September 2014}}2. ^{{NHLE|num=1124836|desc=Welders House|access-date=14 October 2017|mode=cs2}} 3. ^{{London Gazette |issue=27867 |date=26 December 1905 |page=9263}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Paths of Glory|date=1997|publisher=Friends of Kensal Green Cemetery|page=97|accessdate=11 July 2015}} 5. ^http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/ritchie1905.htm References
External links{{Commons category|Charles Thomson Ritchie}}
Acton Smee Ayrton }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Tower Hamlets | years = 1874–1885 | with = Joseph d'Aguilar Samuda (1874–1880) | with2 = James Bryce (1880–1885)}}{{s-non | reason = Constituency abolished }}{{s-new | constituency}}{{s-ttl | title=Member of Parliament for Tower Hamlets, St George | years=1885–1892 }}{{s-aft | after=John Benn}}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Croydon | years=1895–1905 | before=Hon. Sidney Herbert | after=H. O. Arnold-Forster }}{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Thomas Brassey}}{{s-ttl|title=Parliamentary Secretary to the Admiralty|years= 1885–1886 }}{{s-aft|after=J. T. Hibbert}}{{succession box|title=President of the Local Government Board|before=James Stansfeld|after=Henry Fowler|years=1886–1892}}{{succession box|title=President of the Board of Trade|before=James Bryce|after=Gerald Balfour|years=1895–1900}}{{succession box|title=Home Secretary|before=Sir Matthew Ridley, Bt|after=Aretas Akers-Douglas|years=1900–1902}}{{succession box|title=Chancellor of the Exchequer|before=Sir Michael Hicks Beach, Bt|after=Austen Chamberlain|years=1902–1903}}{{s-aca}} |-{{s-vac | unknown | unknlast = The Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal}}{{s-ttl | title = Rector of the University of Aberdeen | years = 1902–1905}}{{s-aft | after = Sir Frederick Treves, Bt}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new | creation}}{{s-ttl | title = Baron Ritchie of Dundee | years = 1905–1906}}{{s-aft | after = Charles Ritchie}}{{s-end}}{{Chancellor of the Exchequer}}{{HomeSecretary}}{{Presidents of the Board of Trade}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ritchie of Dundee, Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron}} 23 : 1838 births|1906 deaths|Chancellors of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom|Secretaries of State for the Home Department|British Secretaries of State|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|UK MPs 1874–80|UK MPs 1880–85|UK MPs 1885–86|UK MPs 1886–92|UK MPs 1895–1900|UK MPs 1900–06|Politics of the London Borough of Croydon|People educated at the City of London School|Politicians from Dundee|Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom|Rectors of the University of Aberdeen|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Progressive Party (London) politicians|Members of London County Council|Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery|People from Broughty Ferry|Presidents of the Board of Trade |
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