| 词条 | Charles the Younger |
| 释义 |
| embed = | name = Charles the Younger | title = | titletext = | more = | type = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | succession = King of the Franks with Charlemagne | moretext = | reign = | reign-type = | coronation = 25 December 800 | predecessor = Charlemagne as sole king | successor = Charlemagne as sole king | succession1 = Dukes of Maine | reign1 = 790–811 | coronation1 = | predecessor1 = Grifo | successor1 = Louis the German | succession2 = Ruler of Bohemia | reign2 = 806–811 | coronation2 = | predecessor2 = Lech | successor2 = Louis the Pious | birth_name = | birth_date = {{circa|772}} | birth_place = | death_date = 4 December 811 (aged 39) | death_place = | burial_date = | burial_place = | spouse = | spouse-type = | consort = | issue = | issue-link = | issue-pipe = | issue-type = | full name = | era name = | era dates = | regnal name = | posthumous name= | temple name = | dynasty = Carolingian | house-type = | father = Charlemagne | mother = Hildegard of Swabia }}{{Carolingians}} Charles the Younger or Charles of Ingelheim (c. 772 – 4 December 811) was a member of the Carolingian dynasty, the second son of Charlemagne and the first by his second wife, Hildegard of Swabia[1] and brother of Louis the Pious and Pepin Carloman. When Charlemagne divided his empire among his sons, his son Charles was designated King of the Franks. LifeHis eldest half-brother, Pippin the Hunchback, had been sent to the monastery of Prüm in 792 after having been involved in a rebellion against their father, Charlemagne.[2] Of his younger brothers, Carloman (renamed Pippin) and Louis the Pious, were appointed sub-kings of Italy and Aquitaine.[3] Charles was mostly preoccupied with the Bretons, whose border he shared and who rebelled on at least two occasions and were easily put down, but he was also sent against the Saxons on multiple occasions. Charles' father outlived him, however, and the entire kingdom thus went to his younger brother Louis the Pious, Pippin also having died. Around 789, it was suggested by Charlemagne that Charles the Younger should be married to Offa's daughter Ælfflæd. Offa insisted that the marriage could only go ahead if Charlemagne's daughter Bertha was married to Offa's son Ecgfrith. Charlemagne took offence, broke off contact, and closed his ports to English traders.[4] Eventually, normal relations were reestablished and the ports were reopened. Just a few years later, in 796, Charlemagne and Offa concluded the first commercial treaty known in English history. His father associated Charles in the government of Francia and Saxony, Neustria in 790, and installed him as ruler of the ducatus Cenomannicus (corresponding to the later Duchy of Maine).[5] Charles was crowned King of the Franks at Rome 25 December, 800, the same day his father was crowned Emperor. He killed Sorbian duke Miliduch and Slavic Knez, Nussito (Nessyta) near modern-day Weißenfels in a Frankish campaign in 806.[6] On 4 December 811, in Bavaria, Charles had a stroke and died. He left no children. In the Matter of France, Charles is fictionalized as Charlot. Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center | boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc; | boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9; | boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc; | boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc; | boxstyle_5 = background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Charles the Younger |2= 2. Charlemagne |3= 3. Hildegard of Vinzgouw |4= 4. Pepin the Short |5= 5. Bertrada of Laon |6= 6. Gerold of Vinzgouw |7= 7. Emma of Alamannia |8= 8. Charles Martel |9= 9. Rotrude |10= 10. Caribert of Laon |11= |12= |13= |14= 14. Hnabi of Alamannia |16= 16. Pepin of Herstal |17= 17. Alpaida |18= |19= |20= |21= 21. Bertrada of Prüm |22= |23= |26= |27= |28= 28. Huoching |29= |30= |31= }} References1. ^Himiltrude, by whom Charlemagne had a son, Pepin the Hunchback, was a concubine or common law wife. See Riche, Pierre, The Carolingians, p.86 ("Although he already had a son by his concubine, Himiltrude..."); Chamberlin, Russell, The Emperor Charlemagne, p.61: "he made the first of those confusing sexual relationships which was something more than concubinage, less than marriage...the Franks called it friedelehe, and it could perhaps be compared with the English system of common-law wife or husband..." {{s-start}}{{s-hou|Carolingian dynasty|April|773|4|December 811|772}}{{s-reg}}{{s-bef|before=Charlemagne|as=sole king}}{{s-ttl|title=King of the Franks|years=800–811|regent1=Charlemagne|years1=800–811}}{{s-aft|rows=|after=Charlemagne|as=sole king}}{{s-bef|before=Grifo}}{{s-ttl|title=Dukes of Maine|years=790–811}}{{s-aft|rows=|after=Louis the German}}{{s-bef|before=Lech}}{{s-ttl|title=Ruler of Bohemia|years=806–811}}{{s-aft|rows=|after=Louis the Pious}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite book|author=Roger Collins|title=Charlemagne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=05IVoPSfb48C&pg=PA125|year=1998|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-8218-3|pages=125–}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Matthias Becher|title=Charlemagne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KbbMcYpuQswC&pg=PA127|year=2003|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10758-6|pages=127–}} 4. ^{{cite book|author1=Natalie Fryde|author2=Dirk Reitz|title=Walls, Ramparts, and Lines of Demarcation: Selected Studies from Antiquity to Modern Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X9_moud2DyQC&pg=PA41|year=2009|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-8258-9478-8|pages=41–}} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://home.eckerd.edu/~oberhot/feud-maine.htm | title=Counts of Maine | accessdate=2006-11-04}} 6. ^{{cite book |title=History of Bohemia |last=Vickers |first=Robert H. |year=1894 |publisher=C. H. Sergel Company |location=Chicago |page=48|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofbohemia00vick}} 9 : Rulers of the Carolingian Empire|Frankish warriors|Children of Charlemagne|770s births|811 deaths|Dukes of Maine|9th-century monarchs in Europe|8th-century Frankish nobility|Carolingian dynasty |
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