“Francesco Di Carlo”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Francesco Di Carlo (born February 18, 1941 in Altofonte) is a member of the Mafia who turned state witness (pentito - a mafioso turned informer) in 1996. He has been accused of being the killer of the Roberto Calvi – nicknamed "God's banker" because he was in charge of Banco Ambrosiano and his close association with the Vatican Bank.

Early career

Di Carlo was initiated in the Altofonte Mafia family in 1966 by the boss at the time, Salvatore La Barbera (not to be confused with the Palermo Centro boss who was killed in 1963).^[1] He became capo famiglia in the mid 1970s. Altofonte was part of the mandamento of San Giuseppe Jato, headed by Antonio Salamone and Bernardo Brusca. According to the pentito Giuseppe Marchese, Di Carlo was an influential mafioso and a very competent drug trafficker connected with the Corleonesi.

Di Carlo is described as an elegant and intelligent mafioso who received an education at the prestigious Jesuit college of Gonzaga in Palermo where he met the prince Alessandro Vanni Calvello, who would be best man at his marriage. Di Carlo and Vanni Calvello were partners in the nightclub "Il Castello" in San Nicola Arena, just outside Palermo on the highway to Messina. The club was popular with the beau monde of Palermo, visiting concerts of Ray Charles and Amanda Lear. However, during the day the Mafia used it as a meeting place.

Expelled from Cosa Nostra

Di Carlo was expelled (posato) from Cosa Nostra, because of a conflict about a lost shipment of heroin or an unpaid consignment of hashish. Because of his useful contributions for the Mafia he was not killed, but had to leave Italy. He moved to London. His brother Andrea Di Carlo took over the command of the Mafia family and became a member of the Sicilian Mafia Commission.

According to Di Carlo he was expelled in 1982 because he refused to betray some members of the Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan (Pasquale Cuntrera and Alfonso Caruana) – during the Mafia war in the province of Agrigento that ran parallel to the Second Mafia War in Palermo. Mafia boss Carmelo Colletti, connected with the Corleonesi, had taken over the command after killing Giuseppe Settecasi and his lieutenant Leonardo Caruana. He wanted the other Cuntrera’s and Caruana’s out of the way as well. However, it was Colletti who was killed in 1983.

Drug trafficking

In the United Kingdom Di Carlo was involved in hashish and heroin trafficking. He bought a mansion in Woking, in Surrey, in the stockbrokers-belt near London. In the UK he teamed up with Alfonso Caruana. Di Carlo created an infrastructure to facilitate the smuggling operations: he owned a hotel, travel agencies and import-export companies.^[2]

In June 1985 British Custom & Excise and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) seized 60 kilograms of heroin in a controlled delivery. In the UK, Di Carlo was arrested with three others. In March 1987 Di Carlo was convicted to a 25-year prison sentence for heroin trafficking.^[3]

Pentito

In June 1996 Di Carlo decided to collaborate with the Italian authorities. He was transferred from his UK prison to Rome. He was hailed as the "new Buscetta". Di Carlo mentioned several politicians to be members of Cosa Nostra, among others: the Christian Democrat politician Bernardo Mattarella, the former president of Sicily Giovanni Provenzano, and Giovanni Musotto, father of Francesco Musotto, former president of the Province of Palermo who has been accused of Mafia association.^[4]

He also testified about the murder of journalist Mauro De Mauro. The investigative reporter had been kidnapped and killed by the Mafia in 1970. Di Carlo testified in 2001 that De Mauro was killed because he had learned that one of his former fascist friends, Prince Junio Valerio Borghese, was planning a coup d'état (the so-called Golpe Borghese) with like-minded army officers determined to stop what they considered as Italy's drift to the left.^[5]^[6]^[7] Di Carlo became an important witness in numerous antimafia trials and also testified in the trials against former Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti and Silvio Berlusconi’s right hand man Marcello Dell'Utri.

He wanted to move to Canada as part of an international agreement that allows him to be relocated almost anywhere in the world. In an exclusive interview with W-FIVE, Di Carlo confirms the allegation that the Sicilian Mafia considers Canada to be the best place in the world to conduct their criminal businesses. In November 2000, Di Carlo spoke to W-FIVE in hopes of sending a message to Alfonso Caruana. During his interview he revealed that the high council of the Mafia had ordered Di Carlo to murder Caruana, who had fallen out of favour. Di Carlo refused, saving Alfonso's life, but putting his own in danger. Di Carlo wants the Caruana's to remember this life-saving favour.^[8]

Involvement in Roberto Calvi murder

In July 1991 the pentito Francesco Marino Mannoia claimed that Di Carlo had killed Roberto Calvi – nicknamed "God's banker" because he was in charge of Banco Ambrosiano, in which the Vatican Bank was the main share-holder.^[9] Calvi had been killed because he had lost Mafia funds when Banco Ambrosiano collapsed. The order to kill Calvi had come from Mafia boss Giuseppe Calò.

When Di Carlo became state witness in June 1996, he denied that he was the killer, but admitted that he had been approached by Calò to do the job. However, Di Carlo could not be reached in time, and when he later called Calò, the latter said that everything had been taken care of already. According to Di Carlo, the killers were Vincenzo Casillo and Sergio Vaccari, who belonged to the Camorra from Naples and have been killed since.^[10]^[11]

References

1. ^{{it icon}} Sentenza nei confronti di Dell’Utri Marcello e Cinà Gaetano {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928051033/http://www.narcomafie.it/sentenza_dellutri.pdf |date=2007-09-28 }} December 11, 2004
2. ^The Rothschilds of the Mafia on Aruba, by Tom Blickman, Transnational Organized Crime, Vol. 3, No. 2, Summer 1997.
3. ^[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE5DC103DF931A25750C0A961948260 Britain Sentences 4 in Mafia], The New York Times, March 12, 1987
4. ^{{it icon}} 'Vi dico i nomi dei padri della mafia', La Repubblica, October 11, 1996
5. ^{{it icon}} "De Mauro venne ucciso perché sapeva del golpe", La Repubblica, January 26, 2001
6. ^[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/revealed-how-story-of-mafia-plot-to-launch-coup-cost-reporter-his-life-494619.html Revealed: how story of Mafia plot to launch coup cost reporter his life], The Independent on Sunday, June 19, 2005
7. ^{{it icon}} De Mauro ucciso per uno scoop: scoprì il patto tra boss e golpisti, La Repubblica, June 18, 2005
8. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20090414054350/https://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1025827381647_21236581/ The Canadian connection], W-FIVE, November 7, 2000
9. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061015113807/http://www.americanatheist.org/pope99/calvi.html Through the Looking Glass: Vatican Politics, the Calvi Murder and Beyond...]
10. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/core/Content/displayPrintable.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/12/11/wmafia11.xml&site=5&page=0 Mafia wanted me to kill Calvi, says jailed gangster], Daily Telegraph, December 10, 2005
11. ^[https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/mafia-hitman-reveals-he-was-hired-to-kill-830122 Mafia hitman reveals he was hired to kill God's banker Roberto Calvi ], The Sunday Mirror, May 12, 2012