Cherson (or Kherson) may refer to the following places and jurisdictions :

• Kherson, a city in southern Ukraine, the administrative center of the Kherson Oblast (province)
• Chersonesus Taurica, an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2,500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea
• Cherson (theme), a Byzantine military province located in the southern Crimea, centred at Chersonesus Taurica
• the former Roman Catholic Diocese of Cherson (renamed Tiraspol), in and around post-Soviet Moldavia
• 2701 Cherson, a main-belt asteroid discovered on 1 September 1978 by Nikolai Chernykh

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