| 词条 | Chery | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| name = Chery Automobile Co., Ltd. | logo = Chery logo.png | type = State-owned corporation{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} | foundation = {{Start date and years ago|1997|03|18}} | location = Wuhu, Anhui | key_people = Peter Bailey (Chairman) | industry = Automotive | products = Automobiles Engines |area_served = China | revenue = | operating_income = | net_income = | num_employees = | parent = | divisions = | subsid = Qoros (50%) Chery Jaguar Land Rover (50%) | owner = | slogan = | homepage = cheryinternational.com chery.cn (Chinese) | module ={{Chinese|child=yes|t=奇瑞汽車股份有限公司|s=奇瑞汽车股份有限公司|p=Qíruì Qìchē Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī|altname=Chery|t2=|s2=奇瑞|p2=Qíruì|mi2={{IPAc-cmn|q|i|2|r|ui|4}}|order=st}}}} Chery Automobile Co., Ltd.,[1] trading as Chery and sometimes known by the pinyin transcription of its Chinese name, Qirui (奇瑞),[2] is a Chinese automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhu, Anhui. It was founded by the government of China in 1997 and is a state-owned corporation. Chery's principal products are passenger cars, minivans, and SUVs; it sells passenger cars under the Chery marque and commercial vehicles under the Karry brand. Chery is the 10th-largest China-based automaker measured by 2012 output (around 590,000 units). Chery began the production of automobiles in 1999 and their export from China in 2001. It has been China's largest passenger car exporter since 2003, and in 2011 exported around 25% of its total production.[3] It operates a 50:50 joint venture with Kenon Holdings, Qoros, which was formed in 2007 and sells a range of premium vehicles in emerging markets. In 2012, Jaguar Land Rover formed 50:50 joint venture Chery Jaguar Land Rover for the production of Jaguar and Land Rover cars in China with Chery. Chery has several vehicle assembly and component manufacturing facilities in mainland China, and its vehicles are assembled in around 15 other countries—primarily in factories not owned by the company that use either complete or semicomplete knock-down kits. It has two domestic R&D centers and invests around 7% of its total revenues in product development. Its QQ city car, considered to be the best-known Chery model,[4] spawned a subbrand in its own right; the QQ6 and the QQme are two other cars produced by the company, and the original QQ may now be designated the QQ3. In the early 2000s, Chery received criticism from General Motors for myriad alleged infringements of its intellectual property rights. An obvious example is the name 'Chery', which is very similar to GM's brand 'Chevy'. {{TOC limit|limit=3}}History1997 to 2010Chery was founded in 1997 as a state-owned enterprise by a group of officials from Anhui province and began automobile production in 1999[5] using a chassis licensed from Volkswagen's SEAT Toledo.[6] Called the Fengyun, Chery's first car sold nearly 30,000 units.[5] The Wall Street Journal has described Chery's corporate culture as "an odd hybrid of Communist state enterprise and entrepreneurial start-up",[5] and entrepreneurial risk-taking is evident in its early history. Initial production was technically illegal as the company was only awarded a passenger car production license in 2003,[9] so while its first product rolled off the line in December 1999, it could not be legally sold until 2001.[5] In that year, Chery solved the problem by piggybacking on a SAIC Motor license,[5] which it did until 2003.[7] Perhaps the 20% ownership stake in Chery that SAIC once held[13] was compensation for this early favor, but the ownership was soon sold due to rising tensions between Chery and another SAIC partner, General Motors.[8] GM is not the only foreign partner of SAIC to have been exasperated with Chery; Volkswagen claims Chery was using tooling from an old VW factory to produce a model that resembled a Jetta circa 2003.[9] In the late 2000s, Chery began to actively seek a partnership with a foreign automaker, a hallmark of major Chinese car makers. Tie-ups with both Chrysler and Fiat were touted, but fell through. In 2007, Chrysler planned a cooperation with Chery that would have seen the Chery A1 sold as a Dodge-brand car in the US and abroad.[16] The plan would have quickly increased the Chrysler small car stable, and the two companies participated in a signing ceremony in late 2007.[10] In early 2008, a similar deal was reached between Chrysler and Nissan, however, and the Chrysler-Chery cooperation was abandoned.[11] Around the time of the 2009 Chrysler Chapter 11 reorganization, Chrysler discussed the possibility of an asset sale with Chery.[12] In 2007, Fiat and Chery signed a memorandum of understanding for the creation of a car-making joint venture. Intended to begin operations in 2009, it was to manufacture Fiat and Alfa Romeo-branded products for the Chinese market and be located in Maka Wuhu. The deal was put on hold in March 2009.[13] As of 2012, Fiat produces in China with local partner GAC Group.[14] Qoros, a car-making joint venture between Chery and Singapore-based Kenon Holdings, was established in 2007.[22]In October 2009, Chery announced plans for an assembly plant in Turkey to be built in cooperation with the Turkish automaker Mermerler Otomotiv at a cost of $500 million.[15][24] The plant is planned to have an initial capacity of 20,000 units per year, rising to 100,000 by 2017.[24] As of 2012, the plant has yet to commence production.[16] When it comes online, this production base will add to a handful of joint venture factories that Chery has in places like Argentina[27] and Iran.[28] These stand in contrast to a number of factories outside China that assemble Chery vehicles, but in which Chery does not have an ownership stake. In 2009, Chery produced 508,500 units,[17] and at this time it had an annual production capacity around 650,000 units.[30] More than 400,000 of its 2009 sales were sedans.[18] Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete. 2010 to presentChery became the seventh-most productive Chinese vehicle manufacturer in 2010 by selling nearly 700,000 units.[19] Slipping sales marked 2011 and 2012; in these years, the company produced more than 640,000 and near 590,000 units, respectively, and it moved from a seventh to a tenth-place ranking.[20] This decrease may be due to Chery's manufacturing mix being significantly different from those of other, major Chinese automakers; the company does make commercial vehicles, but SUVs comprise only 14% of its product line. An agreement with Tata Motors was struck in March 2012 to produce Jaguar Land Rover models in China. In 2013, a Tata executive stated that this deal was "still on track",[21] and some expect the planned production base to start output in 2014.[22] In June 2012, plans to build a production base in Malaysia were announced, and as of July 2012, this project is proceeding without a local partner.[23] The planned factory will have a production capacity of 10,000 units per year.[23] After having introduced the Karry, Rely, and Riich subbrands in 2009, its sprawling production policy and lineup became a problem for Chery.[24] With over 100 new models in the works, Chery decided in the fall of 2012 to cancel the Rely and Riich brands and to narrow its focus.[24] As of 2012, 30 new models are planned a significant reduction from the prior future lineup.[24] In 2018, Chery sold 50% of its stocks in Brazil to CAOA group. Since then, CAOA Chery is the brand that recorded biggest growth in this country.{{Cn|date=January 2019}} OperationsMainland ChinaChery's main production base in the mainland of China is located in Anhui.[25][26][43] As of 2007, the company had two auto-making production bases, two engine-making facilities, and a gearbox production base.[26] Another car-making production base located in Dalian, Liaoning province, became operational in 2012.[27][28] Chery invests around 7% of its total sales in research and development,[29] and, as of 2011, had over 4,000 patents.[30] It has R&D facilities in Wuhu, Anhui province,[31] and Changshu, Jiangsu province.[50] OtherA number of factories in developing countries manufacture Chery vehicles from either complete or semicomplete knock-down kits. With the exception of an Argentine cooperation,[32] and an Iranian factory,[28] these are not owned by Chery. As of the beginning of 2012, 13 operational factories produced Chery vehicles and an additional three were in development.[53] These factories have appeared in Egypt,{{Citation needed|date=March 2016}} Indonesia,[54] Iran,[28] Malaysia,[54] the Middle East,[32] North Africa,[32] Pakistan,[33] Uruguay,[54] Russia,[54] Taiwan,[34] Thailand,{{Citation needed|date=March 2016}} Ukraine,[35] Venezuela and Vietnam.[36] BrazilChery has a production base in Jacarei, Brazil, that began construction in July 2011,[53] in a joint effort with the government of the state of São Paulo.[37] The plant began operating in August 2014, with a first-phase production capacity of 50,000 units per year. In phase two, the plant will achieve an annual production capacity of 150,000 units. The models produced there have been the hybrid-powered Celer (since October 2014), the QQ (since the second half of 2015),[38] Tiggo 2 (since mid-2017)[39] and Arrizo 5 (since October 2018).[40] Its local partner CAOA has been producing the Tiggo 4 in Anápolis, Goiás, in knock-down kit form, since November 2018.[41] EgyptAssembly of Chery cars from complete knock-down kits began in Egypt in 2004 according to the company itself,[42] but news reports indicate that it only expressed initial interest in doing so that year.[43] As of 2011, some Chery models may be sold here under the brand name Speranza.[44][45] One Egyptian factory making Chery models from semi-complete knock-down kits had a 2009 production capacity of 30,000 vehicles/year.[46] In 2011, Chery stated the parts localization ratio for Egypt was 45%.[30] IndonesiaIn this country, Chery models have been assembled from knock-down kits since 2006.[77] IranManufacture from kits in Iran dates from as early as 2004.[43] In late 2007, Chery stated that it held a minority ownership in a joint venture with Iranian Khodro and Canadian Solitac as its partners.[28] This JV controlled a knock-down factory in Babol, Mazandaran. Making a QQ6 renamed the S21, it may be sold both inside and outside Iran.[47] and carry a brand name other than Chery, as well.{{citation needed|date=March 2011}} Tiggo5 and Arrizo5 cars are being sold as Chery brand in Iran.[48] MalaysiaA small facility may have become operational around 2004,[43] and by 2008, a factory assembling Chery models from kits opened in Johor Bahru, Johor.[49] As of 2012, another factory is expected to be built and operational in Malaysia by 2015.[50] MyanmarAs of May 2011, a 3,000 to 5,000 unit/year production facility is planned in the country.[51] As of 2012, the Chery QQ is apparently popular in Yangon.[52] PakistanIn 2004, Chery expressed interest in exporting knock-down kits to this country,[43] and at present some assembly may occur. TaiwanThe Chery A3 is assembled since August 2009 in Taichung, Taiwan, by Shengrong Auto, a subsidiary of Prince Motors ({{zh|t=太子汽車|p=Tàizǐ Qìchē}}), a Taiwanese car company.[34][53] ThailandIn 2008, Chery agreed to export kits to this country,[54] and while an assembly factory was supposed to have become operational in 2010,[49] as of late 2011 Xinhua reported that Chery was conducting a "feasibility study" in regards to "moving production to Thailand".[55] TurkeyA production site was planned to be raised in the province of Sakarya, in a collaboration with the local Chery dealer, Mermerler Otomotiv.[56] UkraineChery has been a partner of ZAZ since 2006[57] and manufactures from kits at sites in Zaporizhia and Chornomorsk. Since February 2011, the Chery A13 is manufactured in Ukraine, where it is rebadged as a ZAZ Forza.[58] VenezuelaFirst introduced to this country in mid-2006, Chery vehicles continued to be the only licensed Chinese car exports to Venezuela as of 2011, according to the company.[30] Opened in September 2011, a new Chery production site in the north-central state of Aragua, owned by the ZGT joint venture, produces the A1 and A3 models.[59] Former factoriesRussiaIn Russia, Avtotor produced Chery models from kits from 2006 to 2008.[60] TagAZ also produced Chery vehicles, from 2008 to 2014, but these usually carried non-Chery badges such as "Vortex".[61] UruguayBetween 2007 and 2015, Argentinian company SOCMA Group[32] manufactured Chery vehicles in the Oferol factory in Barra de Carrasco, Canelones, Uruguay.[62] The Tiggo was officially launched in Uruguay in October 2007.[63][64] The plant was permanently closed as of May 2015.[65] Joint venturesChery operates car-making joint ventures with Jaguar Land Rover and Israel Corporation,[66] and automotive component-manufacturing joint ventures with Arvin Meritor, Johnson Controls, and PPG Industries.[67] Chery Jaguar Land Rover{{main|Chery Jaguar Land Rover}}In March 2012, Chery and the UK-based luxury automaker Jaguar Land Rover agreed to invest an initial US$2.78 billion in a new China-based joint venture that will sell and manufacture Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles and engines, as well as establish a research and development facility and create a new "own-brand" automobile marque.[68] The joint venture received regulatory approval in September 2012.[69] An initial production base will be built in Changshu, a county-level city close to Shanghai.[70] Qoros{{main|Qoros}}Its first car-making joint venture with a foreign firm, Qoros was established by Chery in cooperation with Israel Corporation in 2007, and planned to begin sales in 2013.[71] Set to unveil a sedan atop a brand-new platform[71] at the 2013 Shanghai Auto Show,[72] Qoros' debut models will not be electric vehicles (as some sources may have reported).[71] A proposed production base for the venture will be built in Changshu, Jiangsu province, and become operational in 2012.[73] Production capacity will be 150,000 units a year,[50] but the location may not run at full capacity until 2015 or 2016.[74] While Qoros professes its desire to sell to young city dwellers[117] in China and Europe,[71] the brand could very well target fast-growing countries in the Middle East as well as later sell electric vehicles in warm, tiny Israel.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} The company does have plans to include electric vehicles in its lineup.[71] Higher-end Qoros cars are built with components and systems from foreign suppliers such as American Visteon and French Valeo.[75] Its engine design also required assistance from a foreign firm,[74] and Qoros has attracted western talent including former employees of Volkswagen and Mini.[76] It has sites in Austria and Germany as of 2012.[77] Although initially known as Chery Quantum Auto Co Ltd, its legal name is now Qoros Auto Co Ltd.[71] The eponymous brand name sounds like the English word "chorus".[71] Products and servicesVehiclesFrom 2009 until around 2013, Chery vehicles sold under four brand names: Chery, Karry, Rely, and Riich.[78] In September 2012, Chery announced the cancellation of the last two brands. Only the Chery (passenger cars) and the Karry brand (for commercial vehicles) are to remain.[24] Chery makes cars, minivans, and SUVs. The parts used in their manufacture may be foreign designed, and some may be imported; Chery has cooperative agreements with many foreign component firms, including the American ArvinMeritor,[128] American Autoliv,[79] American Delphi Automotive,[79] the Australian company Futuris,[79] German Robert Bosch GmbH,[128] American PPG Industries,[128] German Siemens VDO,[128] French Valeo,[80] and the American Visteon.[81] Some have helped Chery establish a local supply chain.[80] Discontinued
Current
Concepts
EnginesThe company makes and has exported engines under the brands ACTECO and CAC. Chery engines have been bought by Fiat and exported to the US.[26][92] After-sales serviceThe company has a customer service network that spans at least 31 Chinese provinces, autonomous regions, and direct-controlled municipalities.[93][154] Brands and ProductsPrevious Chery products
Chery EV
Arrizo sedans
Tiggo crossovers
Cowin
DR MotorKarry
Qoros
Jetour
Rely
Riich
Electric vehiclesChery currently offers a few hybrid and full-electric models, and it has established a tentative agreement with a foreign company for mass-production. China subsidizes oil (an incentive for the State to encourage use and manufacture of electric cars),[94] and some of its automakers see opportunities in less mature electric vehicles because Western companies have yet to develop much of a lead in the technology.[95] In 2010, Chery signed a memorandum of understanding with the American company Better Place for the development of prototype electric vehicles to be used in pilot projects.[96] Electric modelsIn 2009, Chery announced that it had built an all-electric car, the S18.[97] In early 2009, the company showed an all-electric Chery Riich M1 to journalists.[98] This car, also referred to as the S18, may have entered production in 2010.[31] C. 2011, Chery stated that it was investing heavily in research and development of electric cars,[99] and three hybrid as well as two all-electric models were listed on its website as of 2012.[100] Hybrid models may use a start-stop system solely. SalesChery has been the top Chinese auto exporter since 2003,{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} and many of its exports may be in the form of knock-down kits destined for overseas assembly. The fact that, prior to 2012, it lacked a joint venture with an established western automaker may explain its export focus; a 2009 report by the US Congressional Research Service asserted that such joint ventures, commonplace in the Chinese auto industry, restrained overseas sales.[101] Making its first export to Syria in 2001,[102] as of 2010 Chery was the top exporter among Chinese automakers, a title it held since 2003.[103] Many of these exports may be in the form of knock-down kits.{{citation needed|date=April 2011}} One of Chery's strategic goals is to expand in developing countries first and then in developed countries. Selling in several other continents besides, Chery dealerships exist in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Iran, Serbia, Macedonia, Turkey and Italy through the DR Motor Company.[104] Other notable nations where Chery models are on offer as of 2016 include Argentina,[105] Australia,[106] Brazil,[107] Chile,[108] Colombia,[109] Venezuela,[110] New Zealand,[111] Singapore,[112] and South Africa.[113] In Ukraine, Chery models are sold by UkrAVTO Corp,[176] and partner firms operate sales outlets in other markets as well. In some nations, companies Chery cooperates with build models in their own small factories. As of early 2011, the Tiggo was Chery's most popular model in export markets.[114] MotorsportChery participated in the Dakar Rally in 2010 and 2011, racing with Rely X5 SUVs in both editions.[115][116] Safety recordAn informal, 2007 Russian crash test yielded a poor score for a Chery model named the Amulet.[117] Some Chery models have received good marks for safety, however. In 2009,[118] the A3 received a five-star safety rating in the Chinese new-car-safety tests, C-NCAP,[119] becoming the first indigenous car to achieve such a high-test rating.[120][121] The Chery Riich G3 has also been awarded a five-star rating.[122] ControversiesCopying claims{{double image|right|Chery_QQ_Ph.JPG|185|Daewoo Matiz.jpg|200|The Chery QQ (left) and Daewoo Matiz (right)}}In June 2003 American company General Motors sued Chery accusing it of copying the first generation Daewoo Matiz (developed by a GM subsidiary, GM Daewoo) in its design for the Chery QQ.[123] General Motors also claimed a disguised Matiz was used in a crash test in place of the Chery car.[124] GM executives claimed design duplication with many parts interchangeable between the QQ and the Matiz,[125] and GM China Group stated the two vehicles, "shared remarkably identical body structure, exterior design, interior design and key components."[126] While some Chery cars are not copies, such as the Pininfarina-designed A3,[127] the QQ may not be the sole Chery model that wears famous-name designs; the Chery Tiggo is criticized for resembling the second generation Toyota RAV4.[128] Other model using the Matiz technology found in the QQ include the closely related QQ6. The Eastar and its derivatives (V4, B12, and B22) have also been considered to be copies of the Daewoo Magnus.[129] GM lawsuitAfter mediation attempts failed, then-GM Daewoo (now known as GM Korea) brought a case against Chery in a Shanghai court, but by 2005 jurisdiction had been moved[125] to the Beijing No.1 Intermediate People's Court.[194] Around that time Chinese state officials, including a vice-minister of commerce and a vice-director of the State Intellectual Property Office, publicly supported Chery. The Chinese have claimed that GM didn't properly patent their technology.[130] In late 2005 the lawsuit was settled.[124] Bricklin U.S. court caseAn American entrepreneur with past experience importing developing country autos to the U.S., Malcolm Bricklin, sued Chery in 2008 for contracting a different company after previously contracting Bricklin.[131] See also{{Portal|Companies}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Overview|url=http://www.cheryinternational.com/company.php| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20120317095209/http://www.cheryinternational.com/company.php | archivedate =17 March 2012|publisher=Chery Inc}} 2. ^Xing, W. W. J. (2002). "Automakers in the fast lane". The China Business Review: 29(4) 3. ^This assertion is supported by multiple sources*For total 2011 production of 641,700 units, see {{cite conference |title = 2011年前十家乘用车生产企业销量排名 |publisher = China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) |date = 20 January 2012 |url = http://www.caam.org.cn/zhengche/20120120/0905067439.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120820031815/http://www.caam.org.cn/zhengche/20120120/0905067439.html |archivedate = 20 August 2012 |df = dmy}}*For 2011 export of 158,900 units, see {{cite news |url = http://www.globaltimes.cn/NEWS/tabid/99/ID/703915/Geely-aims-to-become-Chinas-largest-auto-exporter.aspx |title = Geely aims to become China's largest auto exporter |work = The Global Times |date = 9 April 2012 |accessdate = 19 July 2012 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130408072533/http://www.globaltimes.cn/NEWS/tabid/99/ID/703915/Geely-aims-to-become-Chinas-largest-auto-exporter.aspx |archivedate = 8 April 2013 |df = dmy-all}} 4. ^Geoff Dyer, in Shanghai. "FT.Com Site : Proton in Talks with Chery Over Manufacturing." FT.Com (30 March 2006) 5. ^1 2 3 4 Fairclough, G. (4 December 2007). "Accelerating growth: In china, chery automobile drives an industry shift; low costs, high output attract global partners; chrysler's leap of faith". Wall Street Journal, pp. A.1-A.1 6. ^{{cite news | last = Li | first = Wei | author2-link = | title = Yin Tongyue: There's no myth to cars (qiche meiyou shenhua) | newspaper = Sanlian Lifeweek (sanlian shenghuo) | pages = 56–61 | language = Chinese | date = 19 May 2008 | url = | postscript = }} 7. ^1 {{cite conference | first = Crystal | last = Chang | title = Developmental Strategies in a Global Economy: The Unexpected Emergence of China’s Independent Auto Industry | pages = 13 | date = 13 August 2009 | ssrn = 1450117}} 8. ^McGregor, R. (14 June 2004). "SAIC severs links with chery". Financial Times. 9. ^"Eat your hat". (2003). 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Viaggio model to be made and sold in China|accessdate=13 April 2012|publisher=Reuters|date=13 April 2012}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=chery-reaches-europe-through-turkey-2009-10-11|title=Chery reaches Europe through Turkey|accessdate=9 July 2012|work=Hurriyet Daily News|date=11 October 2009}} 16. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/chery-cars-plans-to-invest-500-million-in-turkey.aspx?pageID=238&nID=20291&NewsCatID=345 | title=Chery cars plans to invest $500 million in Turkey | work=Hurriyet Daily News | date=9 May 2012 | agency=Anatolia News Agency | accessdate=10 July 2012}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://midchina.xinhuanet.com/2010-01/29/content_18904333.htm |title=2009年安徽汽车年产量破90万辆 |publisher=Xinhuanet |date=29 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203143652/http://midchina.xinhuanet.com/2010-01/29/content_18904333.htm |archivedate=3 February 2010 |df=dmy-all }} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nitrobahn.com/news/2009-chinese-auto-sales-shanghai-volkswagen-leads-gm-trails-right-behind/ |title=2009 Chinese Auto Sales |publisher=Nitrobahn |date=20 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714185032/http://www.nitrobahn.com/news/2009-chinese-auto-sales-shanghai-volkswagen-leads-gm-trails-right-behind/ |archivedate=14 July 2011 |df=dmy }} 19. ^{{cite web|title=China Car Market 101: Who Makes All Those 18 Million Cars?|url=http://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2011/01/china-car-market-101-who-makes-all-those-18-million-cars/|publisher=The Truth About Cars|date=19 January 2011}} 20. ^For 2011 sales figures, see {{cite conference |title=2011年前十家乘用车生产企业销量排名 |publisher=China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) |date=20 January 2012 |url=http://www.caam.org.cn/zhengche/20120120/0905067439.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120820031815/http://www.caam.org.cn/zhengche/20120120/0905067439.html |archivedate=20 August 2012 |df=dmy }}*For 2012 sales figures, see {{cite web |title=2012年12月分车型前十家生产企业销量排名 |url=http://www.caam.org.cn/zhengche/20130114/0905085491.html |publisher=China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) |date=14 January 2013 |accessdate=15 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115030711/http://caam.org.cn/zhengche/20130114/0905085491.html |archivedate=15 January 2013 |df=dmy }} 21. ^{{cite AV media | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/video/jaguar-land-rover-says-alliance-with-chery-on-track-~hg~cnJ_SQSmGf2nVO_~XQ.html | title=Jaguar Land Rover Says Alliance with Chery On Track | publisher=Bloomberg | date=5 March 2013 | people=Ralf Speth | location=Geneva International Motor Show}} 22. ^{{cite news | title=China to be Tata Motors' biggest revenue driver this fiscal year | work=The Economic Times | date=21 August 2013 | author=Lijee Philip}} 23. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://autonews.gasgoo.com/china-news/chinese-auto-firms-keen-to-work-with-malaysian-pla-120711.shtml | title=Chinese auto firms keen to work with Malaysian players in view of the revised NAP | work=gasgoo.com | date=11 July 2012 | agency=The Star Petaling Jaya, Malaysia | accessdate=10 July 2012}} 24. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://chinaautoweb.com/2012/09/chery-finally-decides-to-ax-rely-and-riich-brands/ | publisher= China Auto Web | title = Chery Finally Decides to Ax Rely and Riich Brands | date = 6 September 2012 | accessdate = 15 September 2013 }} 25. ^1 {{cite web|title=Rating the Chery|url=https://www.wsj.com/public/article/SB118799883677508444.html|publisher=The Wall Street Journal|date=25 August 2007}}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 26. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Ten-Years Innovation, One Million Chinese Cars|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/86|publisher=Chery Inc|date=21 August 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24 December 2010}} 86. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.auto-chinese.com/chery/chery-a3-review-and-test-drive-1/ |title=Chery A3 Review and Road Test |publisher=Auto-chinese.com |date=6 April 2010 |accessdate=5 October 2010}} 87. ^{{cite web|title=Chery E5 launched in Shanghai|url=http://www.chinacartimes.com/2011/04/24/chery-e5-launched-in-shanghai/#|publisher=China Car Times|date=24 April 2011}} 88. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.auto-chinese.com/chery/chery-tiggo-3-model-2009-review-and-test-drive-1/ |title=Chery Tiggo 3 Review and Road Test |publisher=Auto-chinese.com |date=8 April 2010 |accessdate=5 October 2010}} 89. ^Chery M14 wins "Best New Car in Show" {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120708040150/http://conceptcars.autoblog.com/2005/05/04/chery-m14-wins-best-new-car-in-show/ |date=8 July 2012 }} - Autoblog.com 90. ^Beijing '08 Preview: Chery Faira range covers all the bases - Autoblog.com 91. ^2008 Beijing Auto Show Preview: Chery Faira - Edmunds.com 92. ^{{cite web|title=Fiat and Chery Reached an Agreement on Engine Purchase|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/81|publisher=Chery Inc|date=5 August 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233119/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/81|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 93. ^{{cite web|title=Chery China|url=http://www.cheryinternational.com/chery-china.php|publisher=Chery Inc|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208194326/http://www.cheryinternational.com/chery-china.php|archivedate=8 February 2012|df=dmy-all}} 94. ^{{cite web|title=China's fuel subsidy costs the world|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSBNG12910820080604|publisher=Reuters|date=4 June 2008}} 95. ^{{cite web|title=Big bet on better battery-run cars|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/usa/2011-01/03/content_11787675.htm|publisher=China Daily|date=3 January 2011}} 96. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7452c1e8-50cb-11df-bc86-00144feab49a.html |title= Better Place in China deal |publisher=Financial Times |date=26 April 2010}} 97. ^{{cite web|title=Chery S18 Is Off Line, Achieving Zero Emission and Zero Pollution|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/121|publisher=Chery Inc|date=18 March 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233248/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/121|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 98. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Young, Confident, Progressive - Overseas Media Speak Highly of Chery’s Internationalization|url=http://www.cheryinternational.com/2009autoshanghai/news_details_9.html|publisher=Chery Inc|date=29 April 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030211159/http://www.cheryinternational.com/2009autoshanghai/news_details_9.html|archivedate=30 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 99. ^{{cite news | title = Chery wins three awards including "Influential EV Manufacturer of the Year" | publisher = Chery Inc| date = 31 December 2011 | url = http://www.cheryinternational.com/viewNews.php?id=75|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402060251/http://www.cheryinternational.com/viewNews.php?id=75|archivedate=2 April 2012}} 100. ^{{cite web|title=Electric vehicles|url=http://www.cheryinternational.com/|publisher=Chery Inc|accessdate=8 February 2012}} 101. ^{{cite conference | first =Rachel | last =Tang| title =The Rise of China’s Auto Industry and Its Impact on the U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry| pages = summary, 13 | publisher = United States Congressional Research Service | date =16 November 2009 | url =https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R40924.pdf | accessdate =20 July 2012 }} 102. ^{{cite web|title=Chery, the Only Automaker Listed Among Top 200 Chinese Exporters|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/255|publisher=Chery Inc|date=18 June 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233311/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/255|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 103. ^{{cite web|title=Chery ranks 1st in exports for 8 consecutive years|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/1005|publisher=Chery Inc|date=29 December 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233130/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/1005|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 104. ^Chery dealerships in Russia, Ukraine {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024181225/http://chery.net.ua/index.html |date=24 October 2011 }}, Belarus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907033324/http://www.chery.by/contact.html |date=7 September 2011 }}, Serbia, Macedonia {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204043318/http://www.chery.com.mk/?strana=19 |date=4 December 2011 }}, Turkey {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024003201/http://www.chery.com.tr/satisnoktalari |date=24 October 2011 }} and Italy. 105. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Motors Argentina | url = http://www.cheryargentina.com.ar/front_home.aspx | accessdate = 18 January 2016}} 106. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Motors Australia | url = http://www.cherymotors.com.au/ | accessdate = 1 January 2012}} 107. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Motors Brazil | url = http://www.cherybrasil.com.br/ | accessdate = 18 January 2016}} 108. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Motors Chile | url = http://www.chery.com.cl/ | accessdate = 18 January 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 109. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Motors Colombia | url = http://www.chery.com.co/ | accessdate = 18 January 2016}} 110. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Venezuela | url = http://www.cheryvenezuela.com| accessdate = 10 October 2013}} 111. ^{{cite web | title = Cherry Motors New Zealand | url = http://www.cheryauto.co.nz/ | accessdate = 30 October 2016}} 112. ^{{cite web | title = Vertex Automobile | url = http://www.chery-vertex.com.sg/ | accessdate = 1 January 2012}} 113. ^{{cite web | title = Chery South Africa | url = http://www.cherysa.co.za/ | accessdate = 1 January 2012}} 114. ^1 {{cite web | title = Chery's First-Three-Quarter Exports Top 120,000 Units | publisher = Chery Inc | date = 20 October 2011 | url = http://www.cheryinternational.com/viewNews.php?id=62 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 115. ^{{cite web|title=Chery Rely Fleet Starts Dakar Rally|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/833|publisher=Chery Inc|date=31 December 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233203/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/833|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 116. ^{{cite web|title=Rely X5 test for Dakar, Lu Ningjun satisfied with preparations|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/1002|publisher=Chery Inc|date=14 November 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233237/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/1002|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} (2011 Dakar Rally entry list) 117. ^{{cite web|title=Crash Course in Quality for Chinese Car|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118651314364590719|publisher=The Wall Street Journal|date=7 August 2007}} 118. ^{{cite web|title=2009 First Family Car, Chery A3 Hatchback Launched|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/112|publisher=Chery Inc|date=12 January 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233141/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/112|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 119. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.c-ncap.org.cn/app/cncap/eng/pzsj_eng.jsp?pzid=1427 | title=Full record of impact results [A3] | publisher=C-NCAP | accessdate=18 September 2013}} 120. ^1 {{cite web|title=A Deep Analysis on Chery A3 Winning the C-NCAP Five-star Safety Award|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/119|publisher=Chery Inc|date=18 March 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233012/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/119|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 121. ^{{cite web|title=16 New Cars to be Launched in 2009, Chery Implements Multi-brand Strategy|url=http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/118|publisher=Chery Inc|date=22 February 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028233152/http://cheryinternational.com.s11770.gridserver.com/en/node/118|archivedate=28 October 2012|df=dmy-all}} 122. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.c-ncap.org.cn/app/cncap/eng/pzsj_eng.jsp?pzid=3536 | title=Full record of impact results [G3] | publisher=C-NCAP | accessdate=18 September 2013}} 123. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/03/AR2005060301835.html | publisher=The Washington Post | first=Peter S. | last=Goodman | title=China a Weak Ally on Piracy | date=4 June 2005}} 124. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.chinesecars.net/index.php?page=59 |title=Lawsuits |publisher=China Motor Vehicle Documentation Centre |accessdate=12 March 2011}} 125. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4528565.stm |title=GM Daewoo claimed their investigation results showed the Chery QQ shared a remarkably identical body structure, exterior design, interior design and key components |publisher=BBC News |date=9 May 2005}} 126. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/editorials/china-to-foreign-automakers-drop-dead/|title=China to Foreign Automakers: Drop Dead|publisher=The Truth About Cars|date=16 August 2007}} 127. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cardesignnews.com/site/home/new_cars/display/store4/item200862/ |title=Designed in Italy, Engineered in China |publisher=Car Design News |date=9 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928054236/http://www.cardesignnews.com/site/home/new_cars/display/store4/item200862/ |archivedate=28 September 2011 |df=dmy-all }} 128. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.autoreview.ru/archive/2006/05/CheryTiggo/ |script-title=ru:Один к одному? |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119150729/http://www.autoreview.ru/archive/2006/05/CheryTiggo/ |archivedate=19 November 2015 |publisher=Autoreview |language=Russian |date= |accessdate=10 June 2011}} 129. ^{{cite web | title = Chery Eastar unveiled in Shanghai | url = http://www.chinacartimes.com/2011/04/25/chery-eastar-unveiled-in-shanghai/ | date = 25 April 2011 | publisher = China Car Times | access-date = 7 January 2012 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120729144147/http://www.chinacartimes.com/2011/04/25/chery-eastar-unveiled-in-shanghai/ | archive-date = 29 July 2012 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }} 130. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-05/09/content_440334.htm |title=Chery even used a camouflaged Matiz car to pass auto tests to acquire authorization from the government over production and sales of QQ. |publisher=China Daily |date=9 May 2005}} 131. ^{{cite web|title=Entrepreneur Bricklin sues Chery over failed deal|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2008/07/21/us-chery-lawsuit-idUSN2141944520080721|publisher=Reuters|date=21 July 2008}} External links{{Commons category|Chery vehicles}}
10 : Motor vehicle manufacturers of China|Government-owned companies of China|Car manufacturers of China|Electric vehicle manufacturers of China|Chery|Companies based in Wuhu|Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1997|Chinese companies established in 1997|Chinese brands|Car brands |
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