| 词条 | Ganweriwal |
| 释义 |
| name = Ganweriwala | native_name = {{nastaliq| گنویريوالا}} | native_name_lang = ur | alternate_name = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | map = | map_type = Punjab Pakistan#Pakistan | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | altitude_m = | altitude_ref = | relief = | coordinates = {{Coord|28|35|56|N|71|9|0|E|region:PK|display=inline,title}}[1][2] | map_dot_label = Ganweriwala | location = Bahawalpur District, Punjab, Pakistan | region = Cholistan Desert | type = Settlement | part_of = | length = | width = | area = {{convert|81.5|ha|abbr=on}}[3] | volume = | diameter = | circumference = | height = | builder = | material = | built = c. 2500 BC | abandoned = | epochs = | cultures = Indus Valley Civilization | dependency_of = | occupants = | event = | discovered = | excavations = | archaeologists = Aurel Stein[4] Mohammed Rafique Mughal Sidra Gulzar[5][6] | condition = | ownership = | management = | public_access = | other_designation = | website = | architectural_styles = | architectural_details = | notes = }}Ganweriwala ({{lang-ur| {{nastaliq| گنویريوالا}}}} {{lang-pa|{{nastaliq|گنیریوالا}}}}) is an Indus Valley Civilization site in Punjab, Pakistan.[7] FactsGanweriwala is situated near the Indian border on the dry river bed of the Ghaggar-Hakra, now a part of vast desert. It is spread over 80 hectares and comparable in size with the largest sites of the Indus Valley Civilization, such as Mohenjo-daro. But it is not excavated and only identified and it may turn up as top five largest towns of Indus Valley Civilisation.[8] Significant findsAlthough excavation is yet to begin in this site, a stray find of a terrecotta tablet is a significant find. In this seal, a cross legged person (suggested as yogic posture) and a kneeling person below a tree and upon a tree are depicted.[9] Such kneeling persons on tree, particularly in front of a tiger like animal, are shown in tablets or seals found at Harappa (H 163 a), Mohenjadaro (M 309 a) and Kalibangan (K 49a).[9] More recently Sidra Gulzar and Asko Parpola discovered an inscribed tablet from Ganweriwala that may ultimately help to solve the riddle of the Indus Valley script. Despite its degraded condition, one can see the horn of the missing “unicorn bull" to the bottom right, plus seven signs of the Indus script.[10][11] ImportanceIt is equidistant from Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, situated in between these two ancient cities. In this aspect, the excavation may provide more information about this ancient civilisation.[8] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Possehl|first1=Gregory L.|title=Indus age: the beginnings|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|page=758|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?redir_esc=y&id=AUkLAQAAMAAJ&dq=ganweriwala|accessdate=29 April 2017|language=en}} {{Asia-archaeology-stub}}{{Pakistan-geo-stub}}2. ^{{cite book|title=Journal of Central Asia|publisher=Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University|page=156|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?redir_esc=y&id=nOJwAAAAMAAJ&dq=ganweriwala&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=ganweriwala|accessdate=29 April 2017|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Schmidt|first1=Karl J.|title=An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317476818|page=12|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=BqdzCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA163&dq=Ganweriwala|accessdate=29 April 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=A Brief Introduction to the Ancient Indus Civilization|url=https://www.harappa.com/har/ancient-indus-sites.html|website=www.harappa.com|accessdate=16 May 2017|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Sidra Gulzar - University of Gothenburg, Sweden|url=http://www.gu.se/english/about_the_university/staff/?languageId=100001&userId=xgulsi&departmentId=051100|website=University of Gothenburg|accessdate=16 May 2017|language=en|date=22 December 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|author1=Sidra Gulzar|title=Archaeologik: The forgotten Indus Civilisation|url=http://archaeologik.blogspot.com/2014/10/the-forgotten-indus-civilisation.html|website=Archaeologik|accessdate=16 May 2017|date=27 October 2014}} 7. ^{{cite book | author=Raj Kumar Pruthi | title=Prehistory and Harappan Civilization | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRMGDmdE9FkC&pg=PA123 | accessdate=8 April 2012 | date=1 January 2004 | publisher=APH Publishing | isbn=978-81-7648-581-4 | pages=123–}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.harappa.com/har/ancient-indus-sites.html |title=Ancient Indus Sites |work=The Indus Civilization |accessdate=20 June 2012}} 9. ^1 10. ^{{cite journal|author1=Sidra Gulzar|author2=Asko Parpola|title=CWA 77|journal=World Archaeology|date=19 May 2016|page=7|url=http://www.world-archaeology.com/issues/cwa-77-out-now.htm}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=New Indus Civilization inscription found - Research portal Tuhat - University of Helsinki|url=https://tuhat.helsinki.fi/portal/en/publications/new-indus-civilizat(8a6adb8e-175d-4d68-98a2-8c1e178b485b).html|website=tuhat.helsinki.fi|accessdate=16 May 2017|language=en}} 3 : Archaeological sites in Punjab, Pakistan|Major Indus Valley Civilisation sites|Former populated places in Pakistan |
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