| 词条 | German submarine U-259 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-259 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 25 March 1941 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen-Vegesack, launched on 30 December 1941, and commissioned on 18 February 1942 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Klaus Köpke. After training with the 5th U-boat Flotilla at Kiel, U-259 was transferred to the 3rd U-boat Flotilla, based at La Pallice, France, for front-line service from 1 September 1942. U-259 sank no ships in her short career, and was sunk off North Africa on 15 November 1942, during her second combat patrol, by a British Hudson bomber.[1]DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-259 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-259 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service history1st patrolU-259 sailed from Kiel on 29 August 1942, and headed out into the mid-Atlantic, joining Wolfpack Lohs from 3 to 22 September, and Wolfpack Blitz from 22 to 25 September, but had no success. The U-boat arrived at La Pallice on 5 October after 38 days at sea.[3]2nd patrolU-259 departed La Pallice on 5 November 1942 as part of Wolfpack Delphin, entered the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar, and joined Wolfpack Wal on 12 November. SinkingOn 15 November the U-boat was attacked by a British Hudson light bomber of No. 500 Squadron RAF, north of Algiers, in position {{coord|37|20|N|3|5|E|dim:400000|display=inline,title}}. U-259 was sunk with all 48 hands when one of the depth charges dropped by the aircraft exploded on contact with the U-boat. The blast also crippled the aircraft, forcing the crew to bail out. Only the pilot and one crewman were rescued by the British sloops {{HMS|Erne|U03|6}} and {{HMS|Leith|U36|6}}.[1][4] WolfpacksU-259 took part in four wolfpacks, namely.
See also
References1. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u259.htm |title=The Type VIIC boat U-259 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2 April 2010}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u259.html |title=War Patrols by German U-boat U-259 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2 April 2010}} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_4449.html |title=Patrol of U-boat U-259 from 29 August 1942 to 5 October 1942 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=U-boat patrols - uboat.net |accessdate=2 April 2010}} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/patrol_4450.html |title=Patrol of U-boat U-259 from 5 Nov 1942 to 15 Nov 1942 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=U-boat patrols - uboat.net |accessdate=2 April 2010}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
|last=Kemp |first=Paul |title=U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars |location=London |year=1999 |publisher=Arms & Armour |isbn=1-85409-515-3 |ref=harv }}
|last=Bishop |first=Chris |title=Kriegsmarine U-Boats, 1939-45 |publisher=Amber Books |location=London |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-904687-96-2 |ref=harv }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u259.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-259 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0259.html |title=U 259 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{November 1942 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0259}} 11 : German Type VIIC submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1942|U-boats sunk in 1942|World War II submarines of Germany|World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean|1941 ships|Ships built in Bremen (state)|U-boats sunk by British aircraft|U-boats sunk by depth charges|Ships lost with all hands|Maritime incidents in November 1942 |
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