词条 | Cincom Systems |
释义 |
| name = Cincom Systems, Inc. | logo = Cincom logo.svg | type = Private | industry = Computer software IT Services | fate = | foundation = 1968 | location_city = Cincinnati, Ohio | location_country = United States | key_people = [https://tomnies.cincom.com/ Thomas M. Nies, Sr.], Founder/CEO Greg Mills, President[1] | products = CPQ Software Customer Communications Management Software (CCM) Contact Center Software Document Automation Data Management Application Development | homepage = {{URL|https://www.cincom.com}} }}Cincom Systems, Inc., is a privately held, multinational, computer technology corporation founded in 1968 by Tom Nies, Tom Richley, and Claude Bogardus.[2] The company's best known product[3] today is named Total (trademark TOTAL).[4] Decades after Cincom's founder left IBM, the latter posted "Cincom was the original database company." [5]Historic significanceCincom Systems was founded in 1968, when the product focus in the computer industry was far more on hardware than software,[6] and mass merchandising in the industry was nonexistent.[7] The company’s first product, Total, was the first commercial database management system that was not bundled with manufacturer hardware and proprietary software.[8] Thomas NiesBy the late 1960s, Tom Nies, a salesman and project manager at IBM, had noticed that software was becoming a more important component of computer systems and decided to work for a business that sold software. The only software businesses in existence at that time were a small number of service bureaus, none of which was located in Cincinnati, where Nies resided. In 1968, Nies joined Claude Bogardus and Tom Richley to found Cincom Systems, which initially only wrote programs for individual companies. Within its first year, the company realized that it was solving the same data management problems for its various clients. Nies proposed the solution of developing a core database management system that could be sold to multiple customers. Total was the result of this development effort.[7] The company he started was initially only writing programs for individual companies; Total came later.[7] On August 20, 1984, President Ronald Reagan called Cincom and Tom Nies "the epitome of entrepreneurial spirit of American business."[9] The Total solutionAt a time when each application program "owned" the data it used, a company often had multiple copies of similar information: "... people would get five different reports and the inventory balances would say five different things. What were our sales during April? Well, you'd get five different numbers, depending on how you total things up."[10] The problem was known, and CODASYL's[11] Database Task Group Report wrote about it, as did General Electric and IBM. Cincom's TOTAL "segregated out the programming logic from the application of the database." Despite IBM being "where the money was," there was still the matter of large/OS or small/DOS, so they "implemented 70 to 80 percent of the application programming logic in such a way that it insulated the user from" whichever they used; some used both.[10] Thomas Nies and CincomFrom 1968 through the present,[12] Cincom founder Thomas M. Nies has been the longest actively serving CEO in the computer industry,[13] and Cincom Systems was described in 2001 as "a venerable software firm, included in the Smithsonian national museum along with Microsoft as a software pioneer."[14] Corporate history1968 to 1969Convinced that software was a potential profit center, rather than a drain on profits, as was then viewed by IBM management, Thomas M. Nies, left IBM late 1968 and brought along Tom Richley and Claude Bogardus. This executive trio functioned as sales and marketing (Nies), product development (Richley), and research and development (Bogardus). By March 1969, the company became a full-service organization by adding principals Judy Foegle Carlson[15] (administration), George Fanady (custom systems), Doug Hughes (systems engineering), and Jan Litton (product installation). The name Cincom was a contraction of the words "Cincinnati" and "computer." Initially they simply wrote programs for local companies. At some point they realized that the data management aspects of many programs had enough similarity to develop a product. From this effort came what became Total, an improvement and generalization of IBM's DBOMP.[16] Other than IBM, which was still in the "selling iron" business, Cincom became the first U.S. software firm to promote the concept of a database management system (DBMS).[4] Cincom delivered the first commercial database management system that was not bundled with a computer manufacturer's hardware and proprietary software.[8] 1970s and 1980sCincom introduced several new products during the 1970s, including:
Starting in 1971, Cincom opened offices in Canada, England, Belgium, France, Italy, Australia, Japan, Brazil and Hong Kong. New products introduced in the 1980s included:
By 1980, TOTAL product sales reached $250 million.{{CN|date=August 2018}} 1990sNew products during the 1990s, included:
2000 to PresentNew products include:
2007: Cincom generated over $100 million in revenue for the 21st straight year, a feat unmatched by any private software publisher in the world. Microsoft (a public company) is the only other software publisher in the world to reach this milestone.[29] References and footnotes1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.cincom.com/blog/us/news/cincom-names-vp-international-sales-greg-mills-corporate-president-position |title=Cincom Names Greg Mills, to Corporate President Position |date=February 21, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite magazine |magazine=IEEE Explore |publisher=IEEE |title=Cincom Systems' Total|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5370779/|author=Tom Nies |date=December 31, 2009|quote=With this article, he describes how Cincom, the company he cofounded in 1968 with only $600 in capital, grew into one of the largest software ...}} 3. ^{{cite magazine |magazine=Computerworld |date=March 15, 1982 |page=45|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wz-oh7ZQo8MC |title=35% Choose CINCOM|quote=... Cincom's TOTAL is ...}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|quote=With BOMP and D-BOMP, IBM was probably the first company to commercialize precursors to DBMS. (BOMP stood for Bill Of Materials Planning, foreshadowing the hierarchical architecture of IMS.) ... In the 1970s, Cincom was probably the most successful independent software product company. Its flagship product was Total, a shallow-network DBMS that was a little more general than the strictly hierarchical IMS.|url=http://www.softwarememories.com/2006/02/09/prerelational-dbms-vendors-a-quick-overview|title=Prerelational DBMS vendors – a quick overview |date=February 9, 2006}} 5. ^{{cite web|quote=Ideal relational database for all client server SQL applications. Runs and looks the same on all platforms from Windows NT to the most current Z/OS(tm) and z/VSE(tm)/ESA as well as running on legacy OS/390, VSE, OpenVMS and UNIX systems . ODBC 3.0 compliant. Even has TCP/IP support on VSE. Brings the performance needed on mainframes to the NT market. Highly scalable, SUPRA SQL can handle data volumes most client/server databases can only dream of. Cincom was the original database company (emphasis added) and brings more than 30 years of experience to the support and development of our databases.|url=https://www-356.ibm.com/partnerworld/gsd/solutiondetails.do?solution=6917&lc=en&stateCd=P&tab=2|title=SUPRA Server SQL |date=May 10, 2017 |website=IBM.com}} 6. ^{{cite web|quote=Thomas Nies' experiences at IBM installing applications convinced him that the industry's future was in software. |title=Cincom Systems |url=https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1674537}} 7. ^1 2 Transcript of 1995 interview {{cite web |quote=... with IBM I was selling technology. ... whereas with Procter & Gamble it was mass merchandising and mass marketing. Interestingly enough, these two industries have now come together. The computer industry has since become a mass merchandising industry, and ...|url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/nies.htm|title=Transcript of a Video History Interview with Mr. Thomas M. Nies, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Cincom Systems, Inc. – and the longest-serving CEO in the Computer Industry – Interviewed by David K. Allison, Division of Computers, Information & Society, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution|website=Smithsonian Inst.}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/cincom-systems-inc-history|title=History of Cincom Systems Inc. |website=FundingUniverse.com|quote=IBM's computers were sold with only the most basic operating system; it was left to customers to program specific functions. Unable to convince others at IBM of the efficacy of designing and selling more useful software, Nies, Richley, and Bogardus struck out on their own. ... devised its first software application, the TOTAL database management system.}} 9. ^https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTDEYzE6Ug0 10. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/nies.htm |title=Evolution of Database Management}} 11. ^the Conference/Committee on Data Systems Languages 12. ^{{cite web |website=Bloomberg.com |quote=Mr. Nies served as the President of Cincom Systems Inc. until February 2017 and serves as its Chairman|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=27221996%26privcapId=27609%26previousCapId=27609%26previousTitle=Cincom%2525252520Systems%2525252520Inc.|title=Thomas M. Nies: Executive Profile & Biography}} 13. ^https://www.cincom.com/blog/news/cincom-names-vp-international-sales-greg-mills-corporate-president-position 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/2001/06/11/story4.html|title=Cincom hit by cash crunch |author=Rachel Melcer, Courier Staff Reporter |date=June 11, 2001 |website=BizJournals.com}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2016/11/102770043-05-01-acc.pdf |title=25 years in the pursuit of excellence: Cincom}} 16. ^{{cite journal |last1=McGee |first1=W.C. |title=Data Base Technology |journal=IBM Journal of Research and Development |date=Sep 1981 |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=505–519 |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/fdc1/e2ee3ed1be777179b717b99d6208f965741e.pdf |accessdate=Mar 20, 2019}} 17. ^{{cite magazine |magazine=Computerworld |date=October 24, 1977 |page=25|quote=... enables users of Cincom's Environ/1 teleprocessing monitor to collect ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wMbBL8L33Y8C|title=Package Gives User Control of Dumps}} 18. ^{{cite web|quote=They felt that they needed better technical backup for their new on-line module (available for CICS and Cincom's own TP monitor, Environ/1)|title=The Mainframe Adventure – Cincom |author=Paul Lynch|url=https://www.paullynch.org/bio/Cincom.html |date=September 16, 1997}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/cincommantis |website=SourceForge.net|quote=MANTIS is a hybrid high level programming language and tools optimized to crank out "line of business" applications. It allows focus on business data and process instead of technology. However, access to low level technologies are available if desired.|title=Cincom MANTIS Share |date=March 24, 2017}} 20. ^{{cite newspaper | title=TOTAL Information System (TIS) | newspaper = Computerworld | date = November 7, 1983 |page=37 | quote = When TIS became commercially available in the spring of 1982 ... | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=a7XF1jwgGgsC}} 21. ^{{cite newspaper |newspaper=Computerworld |page=26 |date=April 27, 1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pcVsK0mWULwC|quote=The new release of Cincom Systems, Inc.'s Ultra ... a relational data base management system for Digital Equipment Corp. |title=Cincom updates Ultra's capabilities |author=Nina Maginnis}} 22. ^{{cite web |title=Cincom offers Mantis for DEC's VAX |date=April 29, 1985|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_AXj28q1BDkC}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Cincom and its partners provide innovative software solutions|url=https://www-356.ibm.com/partnerworld/gsd/showimage.do?id=43671|quote=Cincom SUPRA Server PDM is Cincom's hierarchical, interactive database management system. SUPRA maintains data and coordinates database access ...}} 24. ^{{cite web |website=CNet.com|title=Cincom AD/Advantage 5.5.01 Overview|url=https://www.cnet.com/products/cincom-ad-advantage-5-5-01}} 25. ^{{cite newspaper |newspaper=Computerworld |date=May 20, 1991|quote=Cincom's AD-Advantage has been under development for six years and has recently been marketed in the UK |page=10 |title=Cincom AD/Advantage enters UK}} 26. ^{{cite web |title=Cincom Mainframe Software|url=https://www.mainframe-upgrade.com/cincom-software.php|quote=Cincom Mainframe Software AD/Advantage Category: Application Development. A component of MANTIS. AD/Advantage automates development activities in ...}} 27. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://logos.cs.uic.edu/476/resources/SmallTalk/cs476_Smalltalk/Smalltalk.htm|title=An Introduction to Smalltalk |author=Wenling Chen}} 28. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cincom.com/us/products/ccm|title=Customer Communications Management {{!}} Eloquence {{!}} Cincom Systems|website=www.cincom.com|language=en-us|access-date=2018-04-24}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/cincom-announces-21st-straight-year-of-over-100-million-in-revenue-698454.htm |title=Cincom Announces 21st Straight Year of Over $100 Million in Revenue}} External links
5 : Computer companies of the United States|Companies based in Cincinnati|1968 establishments in Ohio|Proprietary software|Software companies of the United States |
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