| 词条 | Citral |
| 释义 |
| Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 443528330 | Reference = [1] | Name = Citral | ImageFile = Geranial_svg.svg | ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of geranial | ImageCaption = Geranial | ImageFile1 = Geranial 3D ball.png | ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of the geranial molecule | ImageFile2 = Neral_svg.svg | ImageAlt2 = Skeletal formula of neral | ImageCaption2 = Neral | ImageFile3 = Neral-3D-balls.png | ImageAlt3 = Ball-and-stick model of the neral molecule | IUPACName = 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal | OtherNames = citral geranialdehyde |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | IUPHAR_ligand = 6327 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 16980 | SMILES = O=CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 553578 | PubChem = 638011 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = T7EU0O9VPP | InChI = 1/C10H16O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,7-8H,4,6H2,1-3H3/b10-7+ | InChIKey = WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWBB | SMILES1 = O=C/C=C(/CC/C=C(/C)C)C | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1080997 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C10H16O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,7-8H,4,6H2,1-3H3/b10-7+ | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo = 5392-40-5 | RTECS = RG5075000 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = C01499 |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = C10H16O | MolarMass = 152.24 g/mol | Appearance = Pale yellow liquid | Odor = Lemon like | Density = 0.893 g/cm3 | VaporPressure = 0.22{{nbsp}}mmHg (20{{nbsp}}°C) | Solubility = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPtC = 229 | pKa = | MagSus = −98.9×10−6 cm3/mol |Section3={{Chembox Structure | Dipole = |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | NFPA-H = 0 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S = | RPhrases = {{R36}}, {{R37}}, {{R38}} | SPhrases = | FlashPtC = 91 |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherFunction_label = alkenals | OtherFunction = {{ubl | Citronellal | Methacrolein | trans-2-Methyl-2-butenal | OtherCompounds = }} Citral, or 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal or lemonal, is either a pair, or a mixture of terpenoids with the molecular formula C10H16O. The two compounds are double bond isomers. The E-isomer is known as geranial or citral A. The Z-isomer is known as neral or citral B. OccurrenceCitral is present in the oils of several plants, including lemon myrtle (90–98%), Litsea citrata (90%), Litsea cubeba (70–85%), lemongrass (65–85%), lemon tea-tree (70–80%), Ocimum gratissimum (66.5%), Lindera citriodora (about 65%), Calypranthes parriculata (about 62%), petitgrain (36%), lemon verbena (30–35%), lemon ironbark (26%), lemon balm (11%), lime (6–9%), lemon (2–5%), and orange.[2][3][4] UsesGeranial has a strong lemon (citrus) odor. Neral's lemon odor is less intense, but sweeter. Citral is therefore an aroma compound used in perfumery for its citrus effect. Citral is also used as a flavor and for fortifying lemon oil. It also has strong antimicrobial qualities,[5] and pheromonal effects in insects.[6][7] Citral is used in the synthesis of vitamin A, ionone, and methylionone, to mask the smell of smoke. Health and safety informationTwo studies showed 1–1.7% of people to be allergic to citral, with allergies frequently reported.{{cn|date=July 2018}} Citral on its own is strongly sensitizing to allergies; the International Fragrance Association recommends that citral only be used in association with substances that prevent a sensitizing effect.{{cn|date=July 2018}} Citral has been extensively tested, with no known genotoxicity or carcinogenic effect.[8] See also
References1. ^Citral, The Merck Index, 12th Edition. 2. ^Fenaroli, G., Furia, T.E., Bellanca, N., Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, {{ISBN|0-87819-532-7}} 3. ^Lawless, J., The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Essential Oils, {{ISBN|1-85230-661-0}} 4. ^The Aromatic Plant Project 5. ^{{cite journal | author = Onawunmi, G.O. |year=1989 | title=Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of citral |journal=Lett. Appl. Microbiol. | volume=9 |pages=105–108 | doi = 10.1111/j.1472-765X.1989.tb00301.x | issue = 3}} 6. ^{{cite journal | author = Kuwahara, Y., Suzuki, H., Matsumoto, K. & Wada, Y. |year=1983 |title=Pheromone study on acarid mites. XI. Function of mite body as geometrical isomerization and reduction of citral (the alarm pheromone) Carpoglyphus lactis |journal=Appl. Entomol. Zool. |volume=18 |pages=30–39}} 7. ^{{cite journal |author1=Robacker, D.C. |author2=Hendry, L.B. |year=1977 |title=Neral and geranial: components of the sex pheromone of the parasitic wasp, Itoplectis conquisitor | journal=J. Chem. Ecol. |volume=3 |pages=563–577 | doi = 10.1007/BF00989077 | issue = 5}} 8. ^Survey and health assessment of chemical substances in massage oils {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070628145403/http://www2.mst.dk/udgiv/publications/2006/87-7052-278-2/html/kap07_eng.htm |date=28 June 2007 }} External links
4 : Flavors|Perfume ingredients|Monoterpenes|Aldehydes |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。