| 词条 | Clarke County, Alabama | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| county = Clarke County | state = Alabama | seal = | founded year = 1812 | founded date = December 10 | seat wl = Grove Hill | largest city wl = Jackson | area_total_sq_mi = 1253 | area_land_sq_mi = 1238 | area_water_sq_mi = 14 | area percentage = 1.1% | census estimate yr = 2017 | pop = 24,083 | density_sq_mi = 21 | time zone = Central | web = www.clarkecountyal.com | ex image = Clarke County Courthouse.jpg | ex image cap = Clarke County Courthouse in Grove Hill | district = 1st | district2 = 7th | named for = John Clarke | footnotes =
}}Clarke County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2010 census, the population was 25,833.[1] The county seat is Grove Hill.[2] The county was created by the legislature of the Mississippi Territory in 1812. It is named in honor of General John Clarke of Georgia, who was later elected governor of that state.[3] The county museum is housed in the Alston-Cobb House in Grove Hill. HistoryPre-European eraFor thousands of years, this area was occupied along the rivers by varying cultures of indigenous peoples. At the time of European encounter, Clarke County was the traditional home of the Choctaw and the Creek people. They traded with the French, who had settlements in Mobile and New Orleans. They also were reached by some English and Scots traders from the British colonies along the Atlantic Coast. After the Louisiana Purchase, they started to establish relations with the United States. In 1805, by the Treaty of Mount Dexter, the Choctaw conveyed large amounts of land in what is now southeastern Mississippi and southwestern Alabama, including much of the western portion of Clarke County, to the United States for settlement by European Americans.[4] Modern eraClarke County was established on December 10, 1812 by the Mississippi Territory. The county had numerous forts, built by settlers for protection during the Creek War (1813–1814). One of the most notable was Fort Sinquefield.[5] The first county seat was Clarkesville, founded in 1820. The seat was moved to Macon, later renamed Grove Hill, in 1831. During the American Civil War, the county was notable for its salt production.[3] In 1883, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the conviction of Tony Pace and Mary Cox for interracial dating, in Pace v. Alabama. That precedent was subsequently overturned. In 1892, Clarke County was the scene of a violent confrontation around economic divides that later became known as the Mitcham War.[6] Alcohol prohibitionClarke County became a dry county in 1937, when wet-dry counties were established in Alabama following the repeal of prohibition in 1933.[7] In the first decade of the 21st century, the county's largest communities voted to legalize alcohol sales: Jackson on May 10, 2005; Thomasville on August 14, 2007; and Grove Hill on November 3, 2009.[7][8][9] GeographyAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|1253|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1238|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|14|sqmi}} (or 1.1%) is water.[10] It is the third-largest county in Alabama by land area and the fourth-largest by total area. Major highways{{div col}}
Adjacent counties
Demographics{{US Census population|1820= 5839 |1830= 7595 |1840= 8640 |1850= 9786 |1860= 15049 |1870= 14663 |1880= 17806 |1890= 22624 |1900= 27790 |1910= 30987 |1920= 26409 |1930= 26016 |1940= 27636 |1950= 26548 |1960= 25738 |1970= 26724 |1980= 27702 |1990= 27240 |2000= 27867 |2010= 25833 |estyear=2017 |estimate=24083 |estref=[11] |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790–1960[13] 1900–1990[14] 1990–2000[15] 2010–2017[1] }} 2010According to the 2010 United States Census:
2000As of the census[16] of 2000, there were 27,867 people, 10,578 households, and 7,700 families residing in the county. The population density was 22 people per square mile (9/km2). There were 12,631 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile (4/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 55.94% White, 43.02% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races. Nearly 0.65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 10,578 households, out of which 35.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 53.90% were married couples living together, 15.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.20% were non-families. Nearly 25.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60, and the average family size was 3.13. In Clarke County, the population was spread out, with 28.00% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 13.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.60 males. The median income for a household in the county was $27,388, and the median income for a family was $34,546. Males had a median income of $34,111 versus $19,075 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,581. About 18.10% of families and 22.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.60% of those under age 18 and 23.80% of those age 65 or over. Government{{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background:#ccccff; |title = Presidential elections results }}
CommunitiesCities
Towns
CDPs
Unincorporated communities{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
Former communities
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01/01025.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 15, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517114702/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01/01025.html|archivedate=May 17, 2014|df=mdy-all}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=May 31, 2011 |df=mdy }} 3. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://www.clarkemuseum.com/html/clarke_county.html |title=Clarke County: A Brief History |accessdate=January 3, 2009 |publisher=Clarke County Historical Museum}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Finlay|first=Louis M., Jr.|title=The Mitchell Reserve|journal=Clarke County Historical Society Quarterly|date=Summer 2000|volume=25|issue=1|pages=9}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.clarkemuseum.com/html/fort_sinquefield.html |title=Fort Sinquefield |accessdate=July 27, 2011 |work=Clarke County Historical Museum }} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Mitcham War|url=http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-3209|work=Encyclopedia of Alabama|accessdate=August 6, 2012}} 7. ^1 {{cite news |title=‘Yes’ to Jackson alcohol sales |author=Evan Carden |url=http://www.southalabamian.com/news/2005-05-12/Front_Page/001.html |newspaper=The South Alabamian |date=May 12, 2005 |accessdate=July 24, 2011}} 8. ^{{cite news |title=Thomasville goes wet |author=Arthur McLean |url=http://www.thethomasvilletimes.com/news/2007-08-16/front_page/001.html |newspaper=The Thomasville Times |date=August 16, 2007 |accessdate=July 24, 2011}} 9. ^{{cite news |title=Voters in Grove Hill approve sale of alcohol inside city |author=Connie Baggett |url=http://blog.al.com/live/2009/11/voters_in_grove_hill_approve_s.html |newspaper=Press-Register |date=November 3, 2009 |accessdate=July 24, 2011}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_01.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 22, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 22, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=mdy}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=August 22, 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/al190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 24, 1995|accessdate=August 22, 2015}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|accessdate=August 22, 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2011-05-14 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df=mdy }} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|accessdate=November 16, 2016}} External links
| Centre = Clarke County, Alabama | North = Marengo County | Northeast = Wilcox County | East = Monroe County | Southeast = | South = Baldwin County | Southwest = Washington County | West = | Northwest = Choctaw County }}{{Clarke County, Alabama}}{{NRHP in Clarke County, Alabama}}{{Alabama}}{{coord|31|40|25|N|87|50|17|W|region:US-AL_type:adm2nd_source:dewiki|display=title}} 3 : Clarke County, Alabama|1812 establishments in Mississippi Territory|Populated places established in 1812 |
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