| 词条 | Clark Y |
| 释义 |
Clark Y is the name of a particular aerofoil profile, widely used in general purpose aircraft designs, and much studied in aerodynamics over the years. The profile was designed in 1922 by Virginius E. Clark. The airfoil has a thickness of 11.7 percent and is flat on the lower surface from 30 percent of chord back. The flat bottom simplifies angle measurements on propellers, and makes for easy construction of wings on a flat surface. For many applications the Clark Y has been an adequate airfoil section; it gives reasonable overall performance in respect of its lift-to-drag ratio, and has gentle and relatively benign stall characteristics. But the flat lower surface is not optimal from an aerodynamic perspective, and it is rarely used in modern designs. The Clark YH airfoil is similar but with a reflexed (turned up) trailing edge producing a more positive pitching moment reducing the horizontal tail load required to trim an aircraft.[1][2] ApplicationsAircraftThe Lockheed Vega and Spirit of St. Louis are two of the better known aircraft using the Clark Y profile, whilst the Ilyushin Il-2 and Hawker Hurricane are examples of mass-produced users of the Clark YH.[3] The Northrop Tacit Blue stealth technology demonstrator aircraft also used a Clark Y.[4] The Clark Y was chosen as its flat bottom worked well with the design goal of a low radar cross-section. Model aircraftThe Clark Y has found favour for the construction of model aircraft, thanks to the flight performance that the section offers at medium Reynolds number airflows. Applications on model aircraft is very wide, ranging from free-flight gliders through to multi-engined radio control scale models. The Clark Y is appealing for its near-flat lower surface, which aids in the construction of wings on plans mounted on a flat construction board. Inexperienced modellers are more readily able to build model aircraft which provide a good flight performance with benign stalling characteristics.[5] CarsAn inverted Clark Y airfoil was used on the spoilers of the Dodge Charger Daytona and Plymouth Superbird. [6] ApplicationsSome of the better known aircraft that use the Clark Y and YH include: {{col-begin}}{{col-break}}
References1. ^The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage Retrieved 27 May 2013. 2. ^Шавров В.Б. (1994) История конструкций самолетов в СССР 1938-1950 гг. (3 изд.). Машиностроение (Shavrov V.B. (1994) Istorija konstruktsij samoljotov v SSSR, 1938-1950 gg. (3rd ed.). Mashinostroenie. {{ISBN|5-217-00477-0}}) (History of aircraft design in USSR: 1938-1950) 3. ^1 Lednicer, David, (15 September 2010), The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage, retrieved 28 May 2013 4. ^Piccirillo, Albert, "The Clark Y Airfoil - A Historical Retrospective," SAE/AIAA paper 2000-01-5517, presented at the World Aviation Congress & Exposition, October 10, 2000, San Diego, California. 5. ^Martin Simons, Model Aeroplane Aerodynamics, Model & Allied Publications 1978. Chapter 7 - 9, Aerofoil Sections. 6. ^ (29 June 2005), From NASA to NASCAR, retrieved 29 April 2017 7. ^Lednicer, David, (15 September 2010), The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage, retrieved 28 May 2013 2 : Aerodynamics|Aircraft wing design |
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