| 词条 | Club Med | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Club Med SAS |logo = Clubmed logo.png |logo_size = 150px |type = Subsidiary |foundation = {{Start date|1950|04|27}} |parent = Fosun International |location = Paris, France |key_people = Henri Giscard d'Estaing, President Michel Wolfovski, Deputy CEO and CFO Xavier Mufraggi, Vice President North America Patrick Calvet, Vice President Villages Europe-Africa |products = Travel Tourism |homepage = {{URL|http://www.clubmed.com}} |industry = Tourism |num_employees = 20,333 |revenue = €1.4 billion (2014) }} Club Med SAS, commonly known as Club Med and previously known as Club Méditerranée SA, is a private company headquartered in France, specializing in all-inclusive holidays. The company is primarily owned by Fosun Group and either wholly owns or operates over seventy all-inclusive resort villages in holiday locations around the world. HistoryFoundationThe Club was started in 1950 by Belgian entrepreneur Gérard Blitz. Blitz had opened a low-priced summer colony of tents on the island of Majorca. Gilbert Trigano supplied the tents, and in 1953 Blitz wooed him into a partnership. The first official Club Med was built the next year in Palinuro, Salerno Italy. The original villages were simple: Members stayed in unlit straw huts on a beachfront, sharing communal washing facilities. Such villages have been replaced with modern blocks or huts with ensuite facilities. ExpansionIn 1961, the company was purchased by the 35-year-old Baron Edmond de Rothschild after he had visited a resort and enjoyed his stay.[1][2] With Rothschild financing, the number of villages increased greatly under Trigano's leadership from 1963 to 1993. Winter villages, providing skiing and winter sports tuition, were introduced in 1956 at Leysin, Switzerland. In 1965, the first club outside the Mediterranean was opened in Tahiti. Club Med broadened its reach by opening villages in the Caribbean and Florida where English rather than French was the main language. Originally attracting mainly singles and young couples, the Club later became primarily a destination for families, with the first Mini Club opening in 1967. The Club has also ceased to be a club in the legal sense, changing from a not-for-profit association to a for-profit public limited company (French SA) in 1995. However, each new customer is still charged a membership fee upon joining, and returning customers are charged an annual fee as well. DiversificationIn the 1990s, the Club's fortunes declined because competitors copied its concepts and holidaymakers demanded more sophisticated offerings. Serge Trigano took over from his father but was replaced in 1997 by Philippe Bourguignon, former CEO of EuroDisney. Bourguignon aimed to change the Club "from a holiday village company to a services company". The club took over a chain of French gyms, launched bar/restaurant complexes known as Club Med World in Paris and Montreal, and commenced a budget resort concept aimed at young adults. Oyyo was the first such resort, opened at Monastir in Tunisia. Thirteen new villages were planned for the new century. RelaunchThe change in strategy was not successful, and the Club fell into a deep loss following the September 11, 2001 attacks in the U.S. In 2002, a new CEO, Henri Giscard d'Estaing, was appointed. His strategy was to refocus on the holiday villages and attract upmarket vacationers. Oyyo, Club Med World Montreal and many villages, particularly those in North America or with more basic facilities, were closed. The Club returned to profitability in 2005. In 2004, the hotel group Accor became the largest shareholder, but it sold most of its stake in 2006, announcing that it wished to refocus on its core businesses.[3] From 2001 onward, the resort company worked to rebrand itself as upscale and family-oriented. In 2006 and 2007, Club Med and its partners dedicated a total of $530 million to renovate several resorts. AcquisitionIn February 2015, Fosun International Ltd.'s Gaillon Invest II and The Silverfern Group finalized a takeover deal of Club Méditerranée S.A.[4] The acquisition culminated a bidding war that began in May 2013, which was conducted by Gaillon, a special investment vehicle used by Fosun, to execute its bidding for Club Med.[5] The two-year-long war boosted the price of the company from the initial €541 million "friendly bid" in 2013 up to the final sale price of €939 million ($1.07 billion). Gaillon Invest's chairman, Jiannong Qian, believes that Chinese ownership of the company is crucial to tap into China's huge population of potential tourists.[6] Following the takeover, Chairman and President of Club Méditerranée SA, Henri Giscard d'Estaing, was named President of Club Med SAS. ServicesEach resort provides a list of services and activities in one single package. This includes lodging, food, use of facilities, sports activities, games, and shows. Certain items such as premium alcoholic beverages previously required the use of beads or tickets as a form of payment; this is not required anymore. StaffClub Med staff are called "GOs", or Gentils Organisateurs (Gracious/Nice Organizers). Clients are "GMs", or Gentils Membres (Gracious/Nice Guests/Members). The resort is known as a village. The resort manager is called the Chef de Village (Village Chief). Chefs de Villages are responsible for the ambiance of the resort, well-being of guests, coordinate with the corporate offices, and oversee the general day-to-day operations of the resorts. Chefs de Villages are often seen doing daily tours of the resort that involves checking in with guests. Resort managers are also responsible for announcing the evening program and leading a few 'crazy signs' (communal dances), before passing the microphone to the Assistant Chef de Village, Events Manager, or Sports Manager. Each village contains a team of managers, ranging from Events Manager, Sports Manager, Leisure Manager, Restaurant Manager, Bar Manager, Reception Manager, etc... The special feature of Club Med is that the GOs and GMs play, dine, drink, and dance together every day and night. Daytime and evening sport-playing, and evening shows with audience participation, are often part of the holiday experience. A particular institution is the communal dance or crazy signs led by the GOs at varying intervals during the day and evening (the frequency varies by village). The dance steps for each song are standard across the organization with some new ones introduced each year. The evening shows, often requiring detailed choreography, are also standardized and include both new and established routines. "Hands Up (Give Me Your Heart)" by Ottawan is regularly played to accompany the crazy signs during the evening shows. GOs are moved between villages and many work both winter and summer seasons. All GOs, regardless of their area of specialty (a sport or administrative function), are expected to regularly participate in both the show and "crazy signs". Their work is supplemented by locally recruited support staff such as cleaners and cooks, known as "GEs" or Gentils Employés (Gracious/Nice Employees). Club Med offers GOs a six-month renewable contract, which includes competitive pay, and room and board included. In the summer season, villages like Club Med Columbus Isle will offer GOs a three-month renewable contract. There are 15,000 GOs of 96 different nationalities working in the villages around the world and most of them reside in the village. VillagesMost villages are designed for families, with villages providing daytime supervised facilities for children: the "Baby", "Petit", "Mini", "Junior" clubs and 12 Passworld facilities worldwide which offer a special hang out space for 11- to 17-year-olds. The villages are now divided into three different types:
Exclusive CollectionIn 2007 Club Med launched its Exclusive Collection with the opening of its first 5 Trident resort, La Plantation d'Albion located in Mauritius. In 2009 Club Med began construction on Les Villas d'Albion, a property adjacent to La Plantation d'Albion containing over 30 2, 3 or 4-bedroom villas. These villas can be purchased by guests and rented out by Club Med when the owner is not using the villa. Club Med also has a residence property at its ski resort of Valmorel in France, consisting of a series of 2, 3 and 4-bedroom chalets. The group has expanded its Exclusive Collection with the construction of '5 Trident Zones' at a number of its resorts; these areas contain facilities only available to guests staying in the top-tier accommodation at the resort. In 2016 Club Med opened its second Exclusive Collection resort in the Maldives, the Finolhu Villas, located a short boat ride away from the other Maldives property, Kani. On June 3, 2018, President Henri Giscard d'Estaing inaugurated the company's third Exclusive Collection and 5 Trident resort Club Med Cefalù, near Palermo, in Sicily, Italy; the first 5 Trident resort in the European zone. In April 2018, CEO of Club Med North America Xavier Mufraggi along with the president of the Dominican Republic announced that Club Med would open the first 5 Trident resort in the American zone in Michès, Dominican Republic (sixty miles from the Punta Cana airport). Club Med Michès Playa Esmeralda would be the first Club Med village opened in the American zone in nearly twenty years. In popular cultureThe phrase "Club Med- a cheap holiday in other people's misery" appeared as a Situationist slogan, written in graffiti in Paris, May 1968. The phrase was described as a commentary on alienation, domination, and "the false promises of modern life". The slogan was later given a nod to in the opening lyrics of the Sex Pistols song "Holidays in the Sun".[7] The Club Med style of vacation was satirized in the 1978 film, Les Bronzés (released in English as French Fried Vacation) directed by Patrice Leconte. Sequels Les Bronzés font du ski and Les Bronzés – Amis pour la Vie were released in 1979 and 2006 respectively. The 1983 film Copper Mountain: A Club Med Experience, starring Jim Carrey and Alan Thicke, is a quasi-commercial for the now-closed Club Med village in the U.S. ski resort at Copper Mountain, Colorado. The 1986 ABC TV movie Club Med stars Jack Scalia and Linda Hamilton as a Club Med manager and guest, respectively, who fall in love. In 2004, a Korean TV drama broadcast by MBC titled First Love of a Royal Prince was filmed in Club Med Bali, Sahoro, and Bora Bora. In the drama, the main actress, Sung Yu-ri, played Kim Yu Bin, a GO. In Northern America minimum security prisons are often referred as Club Fed, another pun on the Club Med name. ShipsCurrent ships
Former ships
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-baron-edmond-de-rothschild-1292054.html|title=Obituary: Baron Edmond de Rothschild|last=Faith|first=Nicholas|date=4 November 1997|publisher=The Independent|accessdate=2009-03-29}} 2. ^Gilbert Trigano, a Developer of Club Med, Is Dead at 80By JOHN TAGLIABUE Published: February 6, 2001 3. ^http://www.accor.com/gb/upload/pdf/CM_VA1.pdf 4. ^{{cite web|title=The Silverfern Group invests in Club Méditerranée S.A., a leading global hotel and resort operator|url=http://www.silfern.com/the-silverfern-group-invests-in-club-mediterranee-s-a-a-leading-global-hotel-and-resort-operator/|publisher=The Silverfern Group|accessdate=9 July 2015|date=13 February 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=China's Fosun wins bidding for Club Med after two years|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-31432322|website=BBC News|publisher=BBC|accessdate=9 July 2015|date=11 February 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Kiernan|first1=Kaitlyn|title=Fosun's Gaillon Seals Long-Fought Deal For Club Med|url=http://www.law360.com/articles/620931/fosun-s-gaillon-seals-long-fought-deal-for-club-med|publisher=Law 360|accessdate=9 July 2015|date=12 February 2015}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Lipstick Traces|first=Greil|last=Marcus|authorlink=Greil Marcus|publisher=Picador}} External links{{Commons category|Club Med}}
6 : 1950 establishments in France|Companies based in Paris|Hospitality companies established in 1950|French brands|Hotel chains|Bundled products or services |
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