| 词条 | Colomban Cri-cri | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Colomban Cri-Cri is the smallest twin-engined manned aircraft in the world, designed in the early 1970s by French aeronautical engineer Michel Colomban. The name Cri-Cri comes from the nickname of Christine, one of Colomban's daughters.[1][2][3] 'Cri-cri' 'or 'cricri' is also the French term for the sound of a cricket or a cicada, or an informal name for the insects themselves,[4][5] but it is unclear if this double meaning was intended by Colomban himself. Design and developmentThe Cri-Cri features a cantilever low-wing, a single-seat enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed tricycle landing gear and twin engines mounted on pylons to the nose of the aircraft in tractor configuration. The aircraft is made from aluminum sheet glued to Klegecell foam. Its {{convert|4.9|m|ft|1|abbr=on}} span wing employs a Wortmann 21.7% mod airfoil, and has an area of {{convert|3.1|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}. The aircraft is also capable of aerobatics within the limitations of twin-engined aircraft.[6][6][7] Variants
Model with a cruising speed of 185 km/h (100 knots, or 114.9 miles per hour) and range of 500 km (310.6 standard miles, 270 nautical miles).{{cn|date=December 2018}}
Model powered by two JPX PUL 212 {{convert|15|hp}} engines.[8]
Model powered by two PBS VB TJ20 {{convert|210|N}} turbojet engines.[9][10] Operational useAs with any homebuilt aircraft, the existing Cri-Cri planes have often been modified by their builders, departing from the original design to a varying degree, resulting in varying performance. Most versions can climb with one engine inoperative.[11] In June 2010, EADS partnered with Aero Composites Saintonge and the Greencri-cri Association to present an electric-powered Cri-Cri at the Green Aviation Show in Le Bourget. The modified airframe with composite components can fly for 30 minutes at 110 km/h. The aircraft uses four brushless electric motors with counter-rotating propellers, which makes the aircraft one of the world's smallest four-engine aircraft.[12] On September 5, 2010 Electravia accomplished a world record speed of 262 km/h (162.33 mph) for a lithium polymer-powered aircraft using a Cri-Cri with two electric motors (each producing 25 hp) during the attempt. The company claimed engine and cooling drag reductions of 46 percent versus the conventional combustion engine arrangement.[13] On 9 July 2015 the electric-powered Electravia version of the design flew across the English Channel hours before the Airbus E-Fan,[14] becoming the third electric aircraft to do so. It was pulled aloft by another aircraft and did not take off on its own.[15][16] The first was the MacCready Solar Challenger in 1981[17] and the second used electric motors powered by hydrogen.[18] Specifications (MC 15){{Aircraft specs|ref=Michel Colomban[19] |prime units?=met |genhide= |crew=one |capacity= |length m=3.9 |length ft= |length in= |length note= |span m=4.9 |span ft= |span in= |span note= |height m= |height ft= |height in= |height note= |wing area sqm=3.1 |wing area sqft= |wing area note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil=Wortmann 21.7 |empty weight kg=78 |empty weight lb= |empty weight note= |gross weight kg= |gross weight lb= |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg=170 |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity= |more general= |eng1 number=2 |eng1 name=JPX PUL 212 |eng1 type=single-cylinder piston engines |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp=15 |eng1 note= |power original= |prop blade number=2 |prop name= |prop dia m= |prop dia ft= |prop dia in= |prop note=
See also{{aircontent|related= |similar aircraft=
|lists= }} References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://frederic.secchi.free.fr/Modeles/MC-15.htm|title=MC-15 Cri-Cri|work=free.fr|accessdate=29 January 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parismatch.com/Actu/Sciences/Le-plus-petit-avion-du-monde-Cricri-un-moustique-sur-l-aile-des-geants-808084|title=Le plus petit avion du monde – Cricri, un moustique sur l'aile des géants|work=parismatch.com|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ailesahs.com/wp/?page_id=380|title=Le MC-15 "Cri-cri" – Ailes Anciennes de Haute-Savoie|work=ailesahs.com|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/cricri|title=CRICRI : Définition de CRICRI|work=cnrtl.fr|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/planes/q0275.shtml|title = Cri-Cri Homebuilt Aircraft|accessdate = 12 March 2017|last = Swanson|first = Molly|work = aerospaceweb.org|date = 28 May 2006|quote=Colomban dubbed his unique aircraft the Cri-Cri, French for "cricket", after the nickname of his daughter.}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.ae.illinois.edu/m-selig/ads/aircraft.html|title = The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |accessdate = 7 October 2012|last = Lednicer |first = David |authorlink = |year = 2010}} 7. ^Tacke, Willi; Marino Boric; et al: World Directory of Light Aviation 2015–16, page 116. Flying Pages Europe SARL, 2015. {{ISSN|1368-485X}} 8. ^1 Bayerl, Robby; Martin Berkemeier; et al: World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011–12, page 110. WDLA UK, Lancaster UK, 2011. ISSN 1368-485X 9. ^{{cite web|url =http://www.pbsvb.com/customer-industries/aerospace/aircraft-engines/tj-20-turbojet-engine|title = TJ20 Turbojet Engine|accessdate = 8 December 2016|author = První brněnská strojírna Velká Bíteš, a. s.}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAdCt6qgj9k|title=Colomban CriCri Jet – Display Flight – Edith Piaf|first=|last=ninelima|date=21 December 2015|publisher=|accessdate=8 December 2016|via=YouTube}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.aopa.org/News-and-Video/All-News/2011/January/1/Big-fun-in-a-small-package|title = Big fun in small package |accessdate = 1 December 2014|year = 2014}} 12. ^{{cite web|url = http://classic.eads.net/1024/en/pressdb/pressdb/20100618_eads_cri-cri.html|title = Cri-Cri, the all-electric aircraft|accessdate = 7 October 2012|last = EADS|date = 18 June 2010 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100629192653/http://classic.eads.net/1024/en/pressdb/pressdb/20100618_eads_cri-cri.html |archivedate = 29 June 2010}} 13. ^{{cite journal|magazine=Sport Aviation|title=Cri Cri sets electric speed record|date=January 2011}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/industry/engineering/11729838/Airbus-E-Fan-2.0-set-to-recreate-aviation-history-with-cross-Channel-flight-only-this-time-its-electric.html|title=French pilot in tiny one-seater beats Airbus to first electric cross-Channel flight|work=telegraph.co.uk|accessdate=8 December 2016}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Did-Duwal-Beat-Airbus-Across-the-Channel-224410-1.html|title=Did Duwal Beat Airbus Across the Channel?|work=AVweb|accessdate=10 July 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.avweb.com/blogs/insider/Airbus-Asterisked-Record-224408-1.html|title=Airbus' Asterisked Record|last=Bertorelli|first=Paul|work=AVweb|accessdate=10 July 2015}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/First-Electric-Powered-Channel-Flight-Was-34-Years-Ago-224415-1.html|title=First Electric-Powered Channel Flight Was 34 Years Ago|work=AVweb|accessdate=13 July 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.cafefoundation.org/man-of-la-manche/ |title=Man of La Manche |publisher=CAFE Foundation |accessdate=10 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713043939/http://blog.cafefoundation.org/man-of-la-manche/ |archivedate=13 July 2015 |df= }} 19. ^Cri-Cri MC 15 Information Pack – Michel Colomban External links{{Commons category}}
7 : French sport aircraft 1970–1979|Homebuilt aircraft|Twin-motored electric aircraft|Microjets|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1973|Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft |
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