“India Medal”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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India Medal

释义

Description
Obverse variations
Clasps
References and notes
Bibliography
External links

{{Infobox Military Award
|name= India Medal
|image=
|caption=
|awarded_by= United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
|type= Campaign medal
|eligibility= British and Indian forces.
|for= Campaign service.
|campaign= India 1895–1902.
|status=
|description= Silver or bronze disk, 36mm diameter.
|clasps=

Defence of Chitral 1895
Relief of Chitral 1895
Punjab Frontier 1897–98
Malakand 1897
Samana 1897
Tirah 1897–98
Waziristan 1901–02

|established= 1896
|total=
|image2= Ribbon bar
}}

The India Medal was a campaign medal approved in 1896^[1] for issue to officers and men of the British and Indian armies.

The India Medal was awarded for various minor military campaigns in India, chiefly for service on the North-West Frontier during 1895 to 1902. This medal replaced the India General Service Medal (1854). Each campaign was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; seven were sanctioned.^[2]

Description

The medal was awarded in silver to soldiers of the British and Indian armies, and in bronze to native bearers and servants.^[3]

The obverse shows the profile of Queen Victoria or, for those awarded the medal with the Waziristan 1901–02 clasp, King Edward VII, both with a suitable inscription.
The reverse, designed by G. W. de Saulles, portrays a British and an Indian soldier together carrying a standard with the inscription "India 1895", although the Edward VII version omits the date.^[3]
The {{convert|1.25|in|mm}} wide ribbon had five equal stripes of red, green, red, green, red.^[4]

The name and details of the recipient were engraved on the edge of the medal, normally in running script.^[6]

Obverse variations

Clasps

The following clasps were issued with the medal:

Defence of Chitral 1895

3 March – 13 April 1895

Relief of Chitral 1895

7 March – 15 August 1895

Punjab Frontier 1897–98

10 June 1897 – 6 April 1898

Malakand 1897

26 July – 2 August 1897 (Awarded to troops involved in the Siege of Malakand.)

Samana 1897

2 August – 2 October 1897

Tirah 1897–98

2 October 1897 – 6 April 1898

Waziristan 1901–02

23 November 1901 – 10 March 1902

References and notes

1. ^Army Order dated 1 April 1896 approved the 'India Medal 1895' with two bars: 'Defence of Chitral 1895' and 'Relief of Chitral 1895'. see British Battles and Medals, p. 177
2. ^Wilkinson-Latham, p. 22
3. ^¹{{Cite book|author=John W. Mussell, editor.|title=Medal Yearbook 2015.|page=158. Published Token Publishing Limited, Honiton, Devon. 2015}}
4. ^Barthorp, p. 178
5. ^¹{{Cite book|author=Joslin, Litherland and Simpkin.|title=British Battles and Medals.|page=177. Published Spink, London. 1988}}

Bibliography

Barthorp, Michael. 2002. Afghan Wars and the North-West Frontier 1839–1947 Cassell. {{ISBN|0-304-36294-8}}
Joslin, Litherland, and Simpkin (eds), British Battles and Medals, (1988), Spink
Mackay, J. and Mussel, J. (eds) – Medals Yearbook – 2006, (2005), Token Publishing.
Mussell, John W. (ed) – Medals Yearbook – 2015, Token Publishing.{{ISBN|978-1-908-828-16-3}}
Wilkinson-Latham, Robert. 1977. North-west Frontier 1837–1947 Osprey Publishing. {{ISBN|0-85045-275-9}}

External links

North East Medals, medal guide: India Medal 1895–1902 retrieved 18 November 2018

2 : British campaign medals|Military of British India

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