| 词条 | Japanese destroyer Yūgure (1934) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HistoryConstruction of the advanced Hatsuharu-class destroyers was intended to give the Imperial Japanese Navy smaller and more economical destroyers than the previous {{sclass-|Fubuki|destroyer|5}} and {{sclass-|Akatsuki|destroyer (1931)|0}} destroyers, but with essentially the same weaponry.[3] These conflicting goals proved beyond contemporary destroyer design, and the initial ships of this class were top-heavy design, with severe stability problems and with inherent structural weaknesses. After the "Tomozuru Incident" of 1934 and "IJN 4th Fleet Incident" in 1935, Yūgure underwent extensive design changes and modifications prior to launch to remedy these issues. Yūgure was laid down at Maizuru Naval Arsenal in Maizuru, Kyoto on 9 April 1933, launched on 6 May 1934 and commissioned on 30 March 1935.[4]Operational historyAt the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Yūgure was assigned to Destroyer Division 27 of Destroyer Squadron 1 of the IJN 1st Fleet together with her sister ships {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Shiratsuyu|1935|2}}, {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Shigure|1935|2}}, and {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Ariake|1934|2}}, and was based at Hashirajima in Japanese home waters on anti-submarine patrol. In January 1942, Yūgure escorted aircraft carriers {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Hiryū||2}} and {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Sōryū||2}} to Palau and to Ambon during the invasion of the Netherlands East Indies, and was a participant in the Darwin air raid of 19 February 1942. Afterwards, she was based at Staring Bay, in Sulawesi from which she conducted escort patrol missions to the end of March. She returned to Sasebo Naval Arsenal for repairs from 22 March to 15 April 1942. At the end of April, she went to Truk as part of the escort for the aircraft carriers {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Shōkaku||2}} and {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Zuikaku||2}} and was part of Admiral Takagi's force at the Battle of the Coral Sea. In May, Yūgure was assigned escort the cruisers {{ship|Japanese cruiser|Myōkō||2}} and {{ship|Japanese cruiser|Haguro||2}} back to Kure. During the Battle of Midway, she was part of the escort for the Aleutian diversionary force under Admiral Shirō Takasu. Reassigned to the IJN 2nd Fleet on 14 July, she was then detached for temporary duty with the IJN 4th Fleet in a sortie from Truk to Jaluit on 20 August. After bombarding Ocean Island on 23 August, a landing party from Yūgure occupied that island on 26 August as part of "Operation RY" until relieved by a garrison force on 30 August. Yūgure was then assigned to the Solomon Islands, participating in numerous Tokyo Express high speed transport runs throughout the Solomon Islands through January 1943. Although she did not participate in the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, she assisted in rescue operations afterwards, taking on crew from the stricken battleship {{ship|Japanese battleship|Hiei||2}} After returning to Sasebo for repairs through the middle of January 1943, Yūgure escorted a convoy to Tsingtao, and from there to Palau and Wewak by the end of February. She escorted another convoy from Truk to Wewak and back to Yokosuka in March and again in May. She returned to Truk at the end of the month as escort for the carrier {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Unyō||2}}, returning with the battleship {{ship|Japanese battleship|Musashi||2}} at the end of May. In early June, she escorted the aircraft carrier {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Hiyō||2}} to Truk, and returned with the same damaged ship a few days later. In late June, she escorted the carrier {{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Ryūhō||2}} from Yokosuka to Truk. In early June, she was assigned to cover troop transport runs to Kolombangara. On 12 July 1943, Yūgure participated in the Battle of Kolombangara, assisting in sinking the American destroyer {{USS|Gwin|DD-433|6}} and damaging the cruisers {{USS|Honolulu|CL-48|6}}, {{USS|St. Louis|CL-49|6}} and New Zealand's {{HMNZS|Achilles}}. However, a few days later on the night of 19 July 1943, while on a troop transport run to Kolombanara, Yūgure was bombed and sunk by U.S. Marine Grumman TBF Avengers from Guadalcanal, north-northwest of Kolombangara ({{coord|07|25|S|156|45|E|display=inline, title}}). The rescue destroyer {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Kiyonami||2}} picked up about twenty survivors but was sunk in turn soon thereafter, leaving no survivors from Yūgure's crew of 228 men, and only one survivor from Kiyonami herself.[5][6] ReferencesNotes1. ^Nelson. Japanese-English Character Dictionary. page 283 2. ^Lengerer, pp. 92-3 3. ^GlobalSecurity.org: IJN Hatsuharu class 4. ^{{cite web| url= http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0425.htm| title= Hatsuharu'class 1st class destroyers| last= Nishidah | first= Hiroshi| year= 2002 | work= Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy | publisher= }} 5. ^IJN Kiyonami: Tabular record of movement 6. ^IJN Yugure: Tabular record of movement Books
External links
9 : Hatsuharu-class destroyers|World War II destroyers of Japan|Shipwrecks in the Solomon Sea|Ships built in Japan|1934 ships|Maritime incidents in July 1943|Ships lost with all hands|Destroyers sunk by aircraft|Ships sunk by US aircraft |
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