| 词条 | Jasus lalandii | |
| 释义 |
| name = Jasus lalandii | image = JasusLalandii.JPG | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | familia = Palinuridae | genus = Jasus | species = J. lalandii | binomial = Jasus lalandii | binomial_authority = (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837) | synonyms = {{nowrap|Palinurus lalandii H. Milne-Edwards, 1837}} }}Jasus lalandii (also called the Cape rock lobster or West Coast rock lobster) is a species of spiny lobster found off the coast of Southern Africa. It is not known whom the specific epithet lalandii commemorates, although it may be the French astronomer Jérôme Lalande.[2] DistributionJ. lalandii occurs in shallow waters from Cape Cross, Namibia to Algoa Bay, South Africa, straddling the Cape of Good Hope. It may be found as deep as {{convert|46|m|-1}} and is usually found on rocky bottoms.[3]DescriptionOrange to red-brown, with long antennae extending from the front of the head. Tail fan orange, blue and green. Thorax spiny. Eyes black and stalked.[4] EcologyGenerally found on rocky reefs, where it prefers the shelter of crevices. Often seen in groups with antennae protruding from the shelter. Swims backwards in emergencies using the tail., but generally crawls around on the reef. Feeds on mussels, urchins and barnacles, but also a scavenger. Predators include seals, sharks and large fish. Susceptible to low oxygen levels in the water which may cause mass strandings.[4] FisheryJ. lalandii may grow up to a total length of {{convert|46|cm}}, with a carapace length of {{convert|18|cm|abbr=on}}. It is widely caught for its meat, with over 6,500 t being caught annually in lobster pots and hoop nets.[3] In order to prevent overfishing, individual fishing quotas are allocated by the Republic of South Africa to fishermen and companies, totalling 1,700 t.[5] There is also a closed season from 1 June to 15 November, a size limit of 80 mm (carapace length) and a ban on catching ovigerous females (females which are brooding their eggs).[6]See also
References1. ^{{cite journal | author = Cockcroft, A. | author2 = Butler, M. | author3 = MacDiarmid, A. | author4 = Wahle, R. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Jasus lalandii | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2011 | page = e.T170072A6725661 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2011 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/170072/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T170072A6725661.en | access-date = 5 December 2017}} {{Commons category|Jasus lalandii}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q5237944}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tmbl.gu.se/libdb/taxon/personetymol/petymol.l.html |title=Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names |publisher=Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory, Göteborg University & Stockholm University |author=Hans G. Hanssen |accessdate=August 22, 2007}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |url=http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/lobsters.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=130 |chapter=Jasus lalandii (Cape rock lobster) |title=Marine Lobsters of the World |author=Lipke Holthuis |author-link=Lipke Holthuis |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |year=1991 |isbn=92-5-103027-8 |pages=99–100}} 4. ^1 Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-620-41639-9}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/ZAF/body.htm |title=Information on fisheries management in the Republic of South Africa |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |accessdate=August 22, 2007}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Regulations for fishing of West Coast rock lobster (Jasus lalandii) |url=http://sacoast.uwc.ac.za/education/resources/legislation/fishingregulations/westlobster.htm |publisher=South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism |accessdate=August 22, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819022028/http://sacoast.uwc.ac.za/education/resources/legislation/fishingregulations/westlobster.htm |archivedate=August 19, 2007 |df= }} 6 : Achelata|Edible crustaceans|Commercial crustaceans|Crustaceans of the Atlantic Ocean|Crustaceans described in 1837|Taxa named by Henri Milne-Edwards |
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