| 词条 | John Blankenstein |
| 释义 |
| image = Sparta-PSV 1-1 scheidsrechter J. Blankenstein, Bestanddeelnr 933-7309.jpg | name = John Blankenstein | fullname = John Blankenstein | birth_date = {{Birth date|1949|02|12|df=y}} | birth_place = De Bilt, Netherlands | death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|08|25|1949|02|12|df=y}} | death_place = The Hague, Netherlands | otheroccupation = Head of 'Referee-Affairs Professional Football' of the Royal Dutch Football Association | years1 = 1966–1979 | league1 = Eerste Divisie | role1 = Referee | years2 = 1979–1996 | league2 = Eredivisie | role2 = Referee | years3 = | league3 = | role3 = | years4 = | league4 = | role4 = | internationalyears1 = 1985–1995 | confederation1 = FIFA listed | internationalrole1 = Referee }} John Blankenstein (12 February 1949 in De Bilt – 25 August 2006 in The Hague) was a Dutch football referee and gay rights activist. He was notable for being one of the first homosexual athletes to come out in the Netherlands. Professional careerAs a child Blankenstein moved with his family to the city of The Hague, where he later played football at local club VCS. Since he failed at developing a successful career as a professional football player, at age 22 he started a career as referee working for the Royal Dutch Football Association. From 1980 on he was referee in 502[1] matches of professional football, which he continued doing until the end of his career. From 1985 until 1995 Blankenstein worked as a referee in 88 international matches, and as such he was on the list of referees of the International Federation of Association Football, the FIFA. Highlights of his career were the UEFA Cup final in 1993 and being chosen for the 1992 European Championship. In 1994 Blankenstein was selected to referee the 1994 UEFA Champions League Final between AC Milan and FC Barcelona, to be replaced by Englishman Philip Don only a few days before the match. The contents of the official decision were never made public, but it was said that it was because Johan Cruijff and Ronald Koeman (both FC Barcelona) were both from the Netherlands. Blankenstein himself later stated it had been because of him being openly homosexual.[2] After his career as a referee Blankenstein became head of 'Referee-Affairs Professional Football' for the Royal Dutch Football Association in the city of Zeist. HomosexualityDuring the 1980s and 1990s John Blankenstein became well known internationally for being one of the first openly homosexual football referees. Blankenstein was active in various anti-discrimination charities and remained a celebrity in the Netherlands. For breaking with the taboo on the subject of homosexuality in football, the Dutch LGBT advocacy organization COC Nederland awarded him with the Bob Angelo medal in 2003. Until June 2004 Blankenstein was chairman of COC Haaglanden, the branch of COC Nederland in the city of The Hague. During the summer of 2004 he became one of the founders of Homo LesBische Federatie Nederland. In 2005, he was awarded the Harry Stapels Award[3] by the sports-organization NCS for ten years of supporting the emancipation of homosexual sportsmen and -women. On Friday, 25 August 2006, Blankenstein died in the Leyenburg Hospital in The Hague, Netherlands due to a rare kidney-related disease. To continue his work for acceptance of and equal rights for homosexual people in sports, the John Blankenstein Foundation was founded on 18 December 2008.[4] On 13 January 2009, the city of The Hague established an annual award for gay-emancipation and named it the John Blankenstein Award in his honor. References1. ^{{nl icon}} Official website of the John Blankenstein Foundation 2. ^Soccer Vs. the State: Tackling Football and Radical Politics, page 100{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^{{nl icon}} Harry Stapels Award on the official website of the NCS 4. ^{{nl icon}} News-article on the founding of the John Blankenstein Foundation on the official website of COC Nederland Literature
9 : 1949 births|2006 deaths|Deaths from kidney failure|Dutch football referees|Gay sportsmen|LGBT sportspeople from the Netherlands|LGBT rights activists from the Netherlands|People from De Bilt|UEFA Euro 1992 referees |
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