| 词条 | Karan Singh |
| 释义 |
| name = Karan Singh | native_name = | native_name_lang = thapr language | image = Dr-Karan-Singh-sept2009.jpg | caption = Singh in 2009 | office = Member of the Rajya Sabha for National Capital Territory of Delhi | term_start = 28 January 2000 | term_end = 27 January 2018 | term_start1 = November 1996 | term_end1 = 12 August 1999 | office2 = Ambassador of India to the United States of America | term_start2 = 1989 | term_end2 = 1990 | predecessor2 = P. K. Kaul | successor2 = Abid Hussain | office3 = Minister of Education and Culture | term_start3 = 1979 | term_end3 = 1980 | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | office4 = Minister for Health and Family Planning | term_start4 = 9 November 1973 | term_end4 = 24 March 1977 | predecessor4 = Uma Shankar Dikshit | successor4 = Raj Narain | office5 = Minister of Tourism and Civil Aviation | term_start5 = 13 March 1967 | term_end5 = 9 November 1973 | predecessor5 = Ministry established | successor5 = R. Bahadur | office6 = Member of the Lok Sabha for Udhampur | term_start6 = 1971 | term_end6 = 1984 | predecessor6 = G. S. Brigadier | successor6 = Girdhari Lal Dogra | term_start7 = 1967 | term_end7 = 1968 | predecessor7 = Constituency established | successor7 = G. S. Brigadier | office8 = President (Sadr-i-Riyasat) of Jammu and Kashmir[1] | term_start8 = 17 November 1952 | term_end8 = 30 March 1965 | predecessor8 = Office established | successor8 = Position abolished | office9 = 1st Governor of Jammu and Kashmir | term_start9 = 30 March 1965 | term_end9 = 15 May 1967 | predecessor9 = Position created | successor9 = Bhagwan Sahay | party = Indian National Congress | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1931|3|9}} | birth_place = Cannes, France | nationality = Indian | spouse = Yasho Rajya Lakshmi | relations = Dogra dynasty | religion = Hinduism | parents = Maharaja Hari Singh Maharani Tara Devi | website = karansingh.com | signature = Karan Singh Autograph.jpg }}Karan Singh (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician, philanthropist and poet.[2] He belongs to Kashmir Dogra dynasty and son of Maharaja Hari Singh. He was a member of India's Upper House of Parliament, the Rajya Sabha representing the National Capital Territory of Delhi. He is a senior member of the Indian National Congress Party who served successively as President (Sadr-i-Riyasat)[3][4] and Governor of Jammu and Kashmir. Singh is the son of the last ruler of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, Maharaja Hari Singh.[5] In the 26th amendment[6] to the Constitution of India promulgated in 1971, the Government of India, of which Karan Singh was a Union cabinet minister, abolished all official symbols of princely India, including titles, privileges, and remuneration (privy purses).[7] During the conclusion of the Cold War, he was India's ambassador to the USA. Singh received the Padma Vibhushan in 2005. He was proposed for candidacy in the July 2017 Indian presidential election by Bhim Singh.[8][9] Early life and educationKaran Singh was born in Cannes, France into the Dogra dynasty, which was the Dogra Rajput family that ruled the Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir. Singh was educated at Doon School, Dehra Dun, and received a B.A. degree from Jammu and Kashmir University, Srinagar, and subsequently an M.A. degree in Political Science and a Ph.D. degree from Banaras Hindu University.[10] Literary careerHe is a poet and authored poetry book too and his poems featured in the poetry anthology, The Dance of the Peacock: An Anthology of English Poetry from India,[11] featuring 151 Indian English poets, edited by Vivekanand Jha and published by Hidden Brook Press,[12] Canada. Family
Political careerIn 1949, at age of eighteen, Singh was appointed as the regent of Jammu and Kashmir state after his father stepped down as the ruler, following the state's accession to India.[15] He served successively as regent, the first and last Sadr-i-Riyasat, and governor of the state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1965 to 1967. In 1967, he resigned as Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, and became the youngest-ever member of the Union Cabinet, holding the portfolios of Tourism and Civil Aviation between 1967 and 1973.[16][17] Two years later, he voluntarily surrendered his privy purse, which he had been entitled to since the death of his father in 1961. He placed the entire sum into a charitable trust named after his parents. In 1971, he was sent as an envoy to the Eastern Bloc nations to explain India's position with regard to East Pakistan, then engaged in civil war with West Pakistan.[18] He attempted to resign following an aircraft crash in 1973, but the resignation was not accepted. The same year, he became the Minister for Health and Family planning, serving in this post until 1977. Following the Emergency, Karan Singh was elected to the Lok Sabha from Udhampur in 1977 on a Congress ticket [the party had not split into Congress(I) and Congress(U) factions till then], and became Minister of Education and Culture in 1979 as part of Charan Singh's cabinet, representing Congress(U), which had split from Indira's Congress. He contested the 1980 Lok Sabha election on a Congress(U) ticket and won. In 1989–1990, he served as Indian Ambassador to the US, and this experience became the subject of a book he wrote, "Brief Sojourn."[19] From 1967 to 1984 Karan Singh was a member of the Lok Sabha. In 1984, he contested the Lok Sabha polls as an independent candidate from Jammu but lost the election. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha first representing J&K National Conference – a Muslim dominated state party active in northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir – from 30 November 1996 to 12 August 1999 and currently is a Rajya Sabha member from 28 January 2000 representing INC. He has served as Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University, Jammu and Kashmir University, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and NIIT University[20] On population“In 1974, I led the Indian delegation to the World Population Conference in Bucharest, where my statement that ‘development is the best contraceptive’ became widely known and oft quoted. I must admit that 20 years later I am inclined to reverse this, and my position now is that ‘contraception is the best development’.”[21] Bibliography
See also
References1. ^{{cite news|title=Karan Singh on Accession of Kashmir to India|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/karan-singh-on-accession-of-kashmir-to-india/735445|accessdate=19 June 2017|quote="Karan Singh, who had become Sadr-i-Riyasat (President) of Jammu and Kashmir"|work=Outlook India|date=19 September 2011}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.karansingh.com|title=Dr. Karan Singh|website=www.karansingh.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-06-19}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/karan-singh-on-accession-of-kashmir-to-india/735445|title=Karan Singh on Accession of Kashmir to India|last=|first=|date=2017-07-19|work=Outlook India magazine|access-date=2017-06-19}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=A5YkBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA341&lpg=PA341&dq=sadr-i-riyasat+president++karan+singh&source=bl&ots=DXJOp0Q6bk&sig=aXyVE1zlCvNamIEBtw0-APM3Aq8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7-oTj9svUAhXGDsAKHax6BSsQ6AEISDAG#v=onepage&q=sadr-i-riyasat%20president%20%20karan%20singh&f=false|title=The Life and Times of Lokmanya Tilak|last=Saraf|first=Nandini|date=2012|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|year=|isbn=9788184301526|location=|pages=341|language=en|quote=Before leaving Srinagar he also had long talks with Yuvraj Karan Singh, who was then being pressed to become the Sadr-i-Riyasat - President of the State.}} 5. ^Rajya Sabha MP Karan Singh slams attempts to brand Hari Singh as communal 6. ^{{Citation|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend26.htm|title=The Constitution (26 Amendment) Act, 1971|publisher=Government of India|work=indiacode.nic.in|year = 1971|accessdate=9 November 2011}} 7. ^1. {{cite book|last=Ramusack|first=Barbara N.|authorlink=Barbara Ramusack|title=The Indian princes and their states|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&pg=PA278|accessdate=6 November 2011|year=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26727-4|page=278}}, "Through a constitutional amendment passed in 1971, Indira Gandhi stripped the princes of the titles, privy purses and regal privileges which her father's government had granted." (p 278). 2. {{citation|last=Naipaul|first=V. S.|authorlink=V. S. Naipaul|title=India: A Wounded Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYeWbmq7pkIC&pg=PT37|accessdate=6 November 2011|date=8 April 2003|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-1-4000-3075-0|pages=37–}} Quote: "The princes of India – their number and variety reflecting to a large extent the chaos that had come to the country with the break up of the Mughal empire – had lost real power in the British time. Through generations of idle servitude they had grown to specialize only in style. A bogus, extinguishable glamour: in 1947, with Independence, they had lost their state, and Mrs. Gandhi in 1971 had, without much public outcry, abolished their privy purses and titles." (pp 37–38). 3. {{citation|last=Schmidt|first=Karl J.|title=An atlas and survey of South Asian history|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzmkFXSgxqgC&pg=PA78|accessdate=6 November 2011|year=1995|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=978-1-56324-334-9|page=78}} Quote: "Although the Indian states were alternately requested or forced into union with either India or Pakistan, the real death of princely India came when the Twenty-sixth Amendment Act (1971) abolished the princes' titles, privileges, and privy purses." (page 78). 4. {{citation|last=Breckenridge|first=Carol Appadurai|authorlink=Carol Breckenridge|title=Consuming modernity: public culture in a South Asian world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LN4MN35b-r4C&pg=PA84|accessdate=6 November 2011|year=1995|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0-8166-2306-8|pages=84–}} Quote: "The third stage in the political evolution of the princes from rulers to citizens occurred in 1971, when the constitution ceased to recognize them as princes and their privy purses, titles, and special privileges were abolished." (page 84). 5. {{citation|last=Guha|first=Ramachandra|authorlink=Ramchandra Guha|title=India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fvd-CaFdqYC&pg=PA441|accessdate=6 November 2011|date=5 August 2008|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-095858-9|pages=441–}} Quote: "Her success at the polls emboldened Mrs. Gandhi to act decisively against the princes. Through 1971, the two sides tried and failed to find a settlement. The princes were willing to forgo their privy purses, but hoped at least to save their titles. But with her overwhelming majority in Parliament, the prime minister had no need to compromise. On 2 December she introduced a bill to amend the constitution and abolish all princely privileges. It was passed in the Lok Sabha by 381 votes to six, and in the Rajya Sabha by 167 votes to seven. In her own speech, the prime minister invited 'the princes to join the elite of the modern age, the elite which earns respect by its talent, energy and contribution to human progress, all of which can only be done when we work together as equals without regarding anybody as of special status.' " (page 441). 6. {{cite book|last=Cheesman|first=David|title=Landlord power and rural indebtedness in colonial Sind, 1865–1901|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rtBi1MgVD0AC&pg=PA10|accessdate=6 November 2011|year=1997|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-7007-0470-5|pages=10–}} Quote: "The Indian princes survived the British Raj by only a few years. The Indian republic stripped them of their powers and then their titles." (page 10). 7. {{citation|author=Merriam-Webster, Inc|title=Merriam-Webster's geographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Co_VIPIJerIC&pg=PA520|accessdate=6 November 2011|year=1997|publisher=Merriam-Webster|isbn=978-0-87779-546-9|pages=520–}} Quote: "Indian States: "Various (formerly) semi-independent areas in India ruled by native princes .... Under British rule ... administered by residents assisted by political agents. Titles and remaining privileges of princes abolished by Indian government 1971." (page 520). 8. {{citation|last=Ward|first=Philip|title=Northern India, Rajasthan, Agra, Delhi: a travel guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KubCD2jHjEsC&pg=PA91|accessdate=6 November 2011|date=September 1989|publisher=Pelican Publishing|isbn=978-0-88289-753-0|pages=91–}} Quote: "A monarchy is only as good as the reigning monarch: thus it is with the princely states. Once they seemed immutable, invincible. In 1971 they were "derecognized," their privileges, privy purses and titles all abolished at a stroke" (page 91) 8. ^{{Citation|last=|title=Bhim Singh pitches Dr Karan Singh as next President|date=2017-06-05|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7D7C4KXKl0|publisher=Daily Excelsior|accessdate=2017-06-18}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://jkmonitor.org/index.php/local/24487-propose-dr-karan-singh-as-next-president-prof-bhim|title=Propose Dr. Karan Singh as next President: Prof. Bhim|last=|first=|date=|website=JK Monitor|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-06-18}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.doononline.net/pages/info_features/features_spotlights/spotlights/ksingh/index.htm |title=Dr. Karan Singh Profile] |publisher=Doon School |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918194945/http://www.doononline.net/pages/info_features/features_spotlights/spotlights/ksingh/index.htm |archivedate=2009-09-18}} 11. ^{{cite news|last1=Grove|first1=Richard|title=The Dance of the Peacock:An Anthology of English Poetry from India|url=http://hiddenbrookpress.com/Book-Indo-EnglishPoetry.html|accessdate=5 January 2015|issue=current|publisher=Hidden Brook Press, Canada}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Press|first1=Hidden Brook|title=Hidden Brook Press|url=http://hiddenbrookpress.com|publisher=Hidden Brook Press|accessdate=5 January 2015}} 13. ^http://www.jkdharmarthtrust.org/maharani.html 14. ^The Gwalior Royal Wedding Event covered in India Today 15. ^Dr. Karan Singh Raj Bhawan, Jammu and Kashmir official website. 16. ^{{cite web|title=COUNCIL OF MINISTERS: GANDHI 2|url=http://www.kolumbus.fi/taglarsson/dokumentit/gandhi2.htm|publisher=kolumbus.fi|accessdate=10 March 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=COUNCIL OF MINISTERS: GANDHI 3|url=http://www.kolumbus.fi/taglarsson/dokumentit/gandhi3.htm|publisher=kolumbus.fi|accessdate=10 March 2018}} 18. ^Official website-chronology 19. ^Karan echoes Omar, but ‘J&K part of India’, Arun Sharma, Jammu, Sat 23 October 2010, The Indian Express Limited 20. ^http://www.niituniversity.in 21. ^{{cite web|title=Quotations|url=https://www.populationmatters.org/making-case/quotations/|website={{url|https://populationmatters.org/}}|accessdate=3 July 2014}}
Further reading
External links{{commons category}}
31 : 1931 births|Indian diplomats|Scholars from Jammu and Kashmir|Indian religious writers|Living people|The Doon School alumni|University of Delhi alumni|History of Jammu and Kashmir|Governors of Jammu and Kashmir|Jawaharlal Nehru University faculty|Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs|Ambassadors of India to the United States|Maharajas of Jammu and Kashmir|Indian Hindus|Indian autobiographers|Hindu writers|Indian National Congress politicians from Jammu and Kashmir|Rajya Sabha members from Delhi|4th Lok Sabha members|5th Lok Sabha members|6th Lok Sabha members|Lok Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir|Health ministers of India|Civil aviation ministers of India|Education Ministers of India|20th-century Indian historians|Indian political writers|Writers from Jammu and Kashmir|Rajya Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir|7th Lok Sabha members|University of Kashmir alumni |
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