| 词条 | Kula (volcano) |
| 释义 |
| name = Kula | other_name=Katakekaumene[1] | photo = The scoria cone at the Kula Volcano.JPG | photo_caption = The scoria cone at the Kula Volcano | elevation_m = 750 | elevation_ref = | prominence = | location = Manisa Province, Turkey | range = | map =Turkey | map_size = | label_position = right | coordinates = {{coord|38|34|38|N|28|31|12|E|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | topo = | type = Volcanic field / Cinder cones | age = | last_eruption = Unknown | first_ascent = | easiest_route = }}Kula is a volcanic field located in western Turkey. Kula field consists of a broad area of cinder cones and maars. It is the westernmost volcano of Turkey.[2] The volcanic character of the area was recognized in antiquity, when it was named Katakekaumene (the burned lands) from the appearance of the environment, which was mostly suited for viticulture. Volcanism began in the Miocene and over three stages continued in the Holocene.[3] It is associated with the presence of two neighbouring active (in 1969 last earthquake) graben structures. Most cones are of small size and one of them (Akcakoy Tepe) has its internal structure exposed. Total volume of the volcanic field extrusion is about 2,3 km3 and the lavas are rich in xenoliths.[4] The plant succession on the lava fields and cones was subject of a study in 1974, which found that the vegetation is influenced both by climate factors such as temperature and precipitation and the orientation of the sides of the volcanoes in question.[5] Footprints of prehistoric humans have been found in the area. The area is a geopark recognized by UNESCO given the universal and scientific value.[1] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book|author=Patricia Erfurt-Cooper|title=Volcanic Tourist Destinations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQ5ABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA101|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-16191-9|pages=100–101}} 2. ^{{cite gvp|vn=213000|name=Kula|accessdate=12 July 2015}} 3. ^{{cite journal | title=SOME EVIDENCE ON THE FIRST KNOWN RESIDENTS OF KATAKEKAUMENE (BURNED LANDS) | author=E. Akdeniz | journal=Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry | volume=11 | issue=1 | pages=69–74}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Richardson-Bunbury|first1=J. M.|title=The Kula Volcanic Field, western Turkey: the development of a Holocene alkali basalt province and the adjacent normal-faulting graben|journal=Geological Magazine|volume=133|issue=3|year=2009|pages=275|issn=0016-7568|doi=10.1017/S0016756800009018}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Öner|first1=M.|last2=Oflas|first2=S.|title=Plant succession on the Kula Volcano in Turkey|journal=Vegetatio|volume=34|issue=1|year=1977|pages=55–62|issn=0042-3106|doi=10.1007/BF00119886}} External links
Kula, Manisa|position=left}}{{Clear}}{{Mountains of Turkey}}{{Clear}}{{AegeanTR-geo-stub}} 6 : Volcanoes of Turkey|Volcanic fields|Cinder cones|Landforms of Manisa Province|Maars of Turkey|Hills of Turkey |
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