| 词条 | LGBT student center |
| 释义 |
LGBT student centers are administrative offices of a college or university that provide resources and support for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender(LGBT) students. HistoryIn 1971, the University of Michigan became the first university in the U.S. to create a campus LGBT center.[1] The 1998 murder of Matthew Shepard sparked an increase in the number of university LGBT student centers in the late 1990s and early 2000s.[1] For institutions like Syracuse University, a continued presence of hostile actions and climate spreading to campus has led to the creation of these centers.[2] Despite the increasing support for these centers, it has been repeatedly noted that university administrators need to be made more aware of the issues facing LGBTQ+ students and the need for these centers on their campuses.[3] Function{{More citations needed|date=November 2009}}According to Sokolowski and the Consortium of Higher Education LGBT Resource Professionals, "LGBT resource centers must also be staffed by at least one halftime (50% or 20 hours per week) professional staff person or graduate assistant whose job description is solely dedicated to serving the LGBT resource center and its services."[5][4] Depending on the campus, an LGBT Campus Center's mission may include faculty support, student advocacy, alumni relations, and/or public relations with the greater community (especially in response to crisis). Contrary to some beliefs and researcher opinions, LGBT student centers remain open to allies of the LGBTQ+ community and those questioning their identity.[5][5] An LGBT Campus Center may provide academic resources related to LGBT Studies, support social opportunities for LGBT people to interact, and sponsor educational events for the campus as a whole. Most Campus Centers provide referrals to other campus departments or off-campus organizations to help meet student needs. Due to this increased support, many students view these centers as more positively than the rest of their institution's campus and climate, creating a "microclimate" in the larger scheme of an institution's campus climate.[6] Regardless of the concentration of on-campus support in these centers, the presence of these centers typically increases the available resources for students and increases perception from outside of the institution.[1] Some LGBT Campus Centers provide psychological counseling for students struggling with their sexual or gender identity and for students coping with internal or external prejudice. Some example scenarios of when a student might seek out counseling from an LGBT Campus Center:
CriticismSince the more rapid rise of centers beginning in the late 1990s/early 2000s, there has additionally been an increasing need for these centers—particularly as the proportion of openly LGBTQ+ in the United States has steadily increased.[6] Awareness of centers and their resources on campus may be one of the most significant issues in regards to justification and expansion of existing centers.[6] Additionally to further awareness, there have been calls to furthering numbers of resource centers across the United States due to roughly 10-15% of U.S. institutions of higher education having a center for LGBTQ students.[6][4] On an international level, the Consortium of Higher Education LGBT Resource Professionals lists only three universities in Canada and one outside of North America that currently have resource centers for LGBTQ students.[4] Centers have been criticized for often being established, given full-time staff, or otherwise expanded in reactive (i.e., responding to an event or events on or off-campus) (Farrell). Additionally, many students may feel that even after the creation of a campus LGBT+ center, there may be an existing culture of hostility and homophobia/transphobia within the student body and university staff, faculty, and administration.[2] Aside from combatting prejudices toward the LGBTQ+ community, there may need to be additional work done to combat other prejudices perpetuated by members of a campus LGBTQ+ community and their center's space, staff, and programming.[7] References1. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Fine|first=Leigh E.|date=2012|title=The Context of Creating Space: Assessing the Likelihood of College LGBT Center Presence|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_college_student_development/v053/53.2.fine.html|journal=Journal of College Student Development|language=en|volume=53|issue=2|pages=285–299|doi=10.1353/csd.2012.0017|issn=1543-3382}} 2. ^1 Farrell, Kathleen, et al. (Eds.). (2005). Interrupting Heteronormativity: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Pedagogy and Responsible Teaching at Syracuse University (45-53). Graduate School at Syracuse University. 3. ^McCabe, Paul C., & Rubinson, Florence. (2008). Committing to social justice: The behavioral intention of school psychology and education trainees to advocate for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered youth. School Psychology Review, 37(4), 469-486. 4. ^1 2 Consortium of Higher Education LGBT Resource Professionals. (2017). [Interactive Map of LGBTQ Campus Resource Centers May 8, 2017]. Find an LGBTQ Resource Center. Retrieved from http://www.lgbtcampus.org/find-a-lgbt-center. 5. ^Renn, K.A (2011). Identity centers: An idea whose time has come...and gone?. In P.M Magolda & M.B. Magolda (Eds.), Contested issues in student affairs: Diverse persepctives and respectful dialogue (244-254). Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing. 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 Sokolowski, Elizabeth. (2018). Resource Utilization of an LGBT University Resource Center and Prospective Barriers. (Unpublished master’s thesis). 7. ^Westbrook, L. (2009). Where the women aren't: Gender differences in the use of LGBT resources on college campuses. Journal of LGBT Youth, 6(4), 369-394. doi:10.1080/19361650903295769 Related
External links
5 : LGBT student organizations|Gender and education|Student activity centers|Student culture|University and college buildings |
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