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词条 List of Egyptian pyramids
释义

  1. See also

  2. References and notes

  3. Bibliography

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}

This list presents the vital statistics of the pyramids listed in chronological order, when available.

Pharaoh Ancient name Modern name Dynasty Site Base length x Height (m) Volume (cu.m) Inclination & NotesImage
Djoser Hiemlender Step Pyramid of Djoser 3rd
(c. 2686 – 2613 BC)		 Saqqara 121w.x109d.x60h. 330,400[1]
Sekhemkhet unknown
 Buried Pyramid 3rd Saqqara 120sq.x7h. 33,600 (unfinished)[2]
Khaba
(uncertain)		 unknown Layer Pyramid 3rd Zawyet el'Aryan 84sq.x20h. 47,040 (possibly unfinished)[3]
Sneferu Snefru endures Pyramid of Meidum 4th Meidum 144sq.x(N.A)h. 638,733 (possibly unfinished) 51° 50' 35"[4]
Sneferu Snefru shines in the South Bent Pyramid 4th Dahshur 188sq.x105h. 1,237,040 54° 50' 35" /43° 22'[4]
Sneferu Snefru shines in the North Red Pyramid 4th Dahshur 220sq.x105h. 1,694,000 43° 22'
Khufu Khufu's horizon The Great Pyramid of Giza 4th Giza 230.3sq.x146.6h. 2,583,283 51° 50' 40"[5]
Djedefre Djedefre's Starry Sky Pyramid of Djedefre 4th Abu Rawash68|~N.A}}h.(Possibly not completed)[6] 131,043 (Unfinished)52°|~52°}}[4][6]
Bikheris?
Seth-Ka?[7]		 Star of ..?..-Ka Unfinished Northern Pyramid of Zawyet el'Aryan4th
(uncertain)		Zawyet el'Aryan200sq.x(N.A)h.[8](Never built)[9]
Khafra Khafra is great Pyramid of Khafre 4th Giza 215.25sq.x143.5h. 2,211,096 53°10'[4]
Menkaure Menkaure is divine Pyramid of Menkaure 4th Giza 103.4sq.x65.5h. 235,183 51°20′25″[10]
Userkaf The pure sites of Userkaf Pyramid of Userkaf 5th
(c. 2498 – 2345 BC)		 Saqqara 73.3sq.x49h. 87,906 53°7'48"[4]
Sahure The personality (ba) of Sahure appears Pyramid of Sahure 5th Abusir 78.75sq.x47h. 96,542 50°11'40"[4]
Neferirkare Kakai Personality (ba) of Neferirkare Pyramid of Neferirkare 5th Abusir 105sq.x54h. 257,250 54°30'[11]
Neferefre The power of Neferefre is divine Pyramid of Neferefre 5th Abusir 65sq.x?h. (unfinished)
Shepseskare uncertain Unfinished pyramid of North Abusir 5th Abusir 100sq. Never built, earthwork just started –
Nyuserre Ini The seats of Niuserre will endure Pyramid of Nyuserre 5th Abusir 79.9sq.x51.68h. 112,632 51° 50' 35"[12]
Menkauhor Kaiu[13] The divine places of Menkauhor Headless Pyramid 5th Saqqara c.52sq.x?h. n.d. n.d.
Djedkare Isesi Beautiful is Djedkare Pyramid of Djedkare-Isesi 5th South Saqqara 78.75sq.x52.5h. c.107,835 52°[14]
Unas The places of Unas are beautiful Pyramid of Unas 5th North Saqqara 57.75sq.x43h. 47,390 56°[4]
Teti The places of Teti are enduring Pyramid of Teti 6th
(c. 2345 – 2181 BC)		 North Saqqara 78.5sq.x52.5h. 107,835 53° 7' 48"[15]
Pepi I The beauty of Pepi may endure Pyramid of Pepi I 6th South Saqqara 78.75sq.x52.5h. c. 107,835 53° 7' 48"[16]
Merenre The beauty of Merenre appears Pyramid of Merenre 6th South Saqqara 78.75sq.x52.5h. c. 107,835 57°7'48"
Pepi II Pepi is established and living Pyramid of Pepi II 6th South Saqqara 78.75sq.x52.5h. c.107,835 53° 7' 48"[5]
Qakare Ibi unknown Pyramid of Ibi 8th South Saqqara 31.5sq.x21?h. 6,994? 53° 7′[17]
Khui unknown Pyramid of Khui First Intermediate Period Dara 146w.x136d.x?h. n.d. n.d.[18]
Merikare Flourishing are the abodes of Merikare Pyramid of Merikare 10th Unknown, possibly North Saqqara n.d. n.d. n.d.[19]
Amenemhat I Amenemhat appears at his place Pyramid of Amenemhet I 12th
(c. 1991 – 1803 BC)		 Lisht 84sq.x55h. 129,360 54° 27' 44"
Senusret I Senusret beholds the two lands Pyramid of Senusret I 12th Lisht 105sq.x61.25h. 225,093 49° 24'[20]
Amenemhat II Amenemhat is provided White Pyramid 12th Dahshur 50sq.x?h.
Senusret II Senusret appears Pyramid of Senusret II 12th Illahun (El-Lahun) 106sq.x48.6h. 185.665 42° 35'[21]
Senusret III unknown Pyramid of Senusret III 12th Dahshur 105sq.x78h. 288,488 56° 18' 35"[22]
Amenemhat III Amenemhat is beautiful Pyramid of Amenemhat III 12th Dahshur 105sq.x75h. 274,625 56° 18' 35"
Amenemhat III Amenemhat lives Pyramid of Hawara 12th Hawara 105sq.xc. 58h. 200,158 48° 45'
Amenemhat IV (?) unknown Southern Mazghuna pyramid 12th or 13th South Mazghuna 52.5sq.x?h.(unfinished) n.d. n.d.
Sobekneferu (?) unknown Northern Mazghuna pyramid 12th or 13th North Mazghuna > 52.5sq.x?h.(unfinished) n.d. n.d.
Ameny Qemau unknown Pyramid of Ameny Qemau 13th
(c. 1790 BC)		 South Saqqara 52sq.x c. 35h. c 55°
Ameny Qemau
(possibly usurped)[23] In the pyramid was found a canopic box naming the king's daughter Hatshepsut.		 unknown n.d. 13th Dahshur n.d. n.d. n.d.
Khendjer unknown Pyramid of Khendjer 13th
(c. 1760 BC)		 South Saqqara 52.5sq.x c. 37.35h. c. 34,300 55°[24]
unknown unknown Southern South Saqqara pyramid 13th South Saqqara 78.75sq.x?h.(unfinished) n.d. n.d.
Likely Neferhotep I unknown Tomb S9 13th
(c. 1740 BC)		 Abydos uncertain unknown Likely to a pyramid, similar to Khendjer's, but possibly a mastaba
Likely Sobekhotep IV unknown Tomb S10 13th
(c. 1730 BC)		 Abydos uncertain unknown Likely to a pyramid, similar to Khendjer's, but possibly a mastaba
Ahmose I unknown Pyramid of Ahmose 18th
(c. 1550 – 1292 BC)		 Abydos 52.5sq.x c. 10h. n.d. 60°[25]

See also

  • Lepsius list of pyramids
  • List of the oldest buildings in the world

References and notes

1. ^The pyramid complex covers {{convert|37|acre|ha}} and provides several cultic buildings. It is one of the best preserved Old Kingdom royal cemeteries and hides several, huge underground mazes of niched corridors and chambers.
2. ^Rediscovered in 1951 by Zakaria Goneim. Famous for its sarcophagus made of alabaster, which was found in situ and sealed. Surprisingly, the sarcophagus was empty and possibly never in use.
3. ^The connection to king Khaba is disputed, since not a single artifact with any royal name was found in the underground chambers.
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid.
5. ^1 Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 3 queens pyramids.
6. ^1 {{cite video|people=Vallogia, Michel (University of Geneva), Joanne Rowlands (University of Oxford), and Dr Zahi Hawass (Secretary General of the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities) |date=23 June 2008 |title=The Lost Pyramid |url=http://www.history.com/minisites/lostpyramid |medium=Television documentary |publisher=History |accessdate=12 December 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320211424/http://www.history.com/minisites/lostpyramid |archivedate=20 March 2009 |df= }}
7. ^For the problematic, see: Jürgen von Beckerath: Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägypten. Die Zeitbestimmung der ägyptischen Geschichte von der Vorzeit bis 332 v. Chr. (= Münchner ägyptologische Studien, vol. 46). von Zabern, Mainz 1997, {{ISBN|3-8053-2310-7}}, page 158.
8. ^Rainer Stadelmann: Die Ägyptischen Pyramiden: vom Ziegelbau zum Weltwunder ( = Kulturgeschichte der antiken Welt, vol. 30). von Zabern, Mainz 185, {{ISBN|3805308558}}, p. 77, 140–145.
9. ^Six ink inscriptions once contained a cartouche name, which remains illegible. There are dozens of different readings proposed by Egyptologists. See: Miroslav Verner: Archaeological Remarks on the 4th and 5th Dynasty Chronology. In: Archiv Orientální, vol. 69. Praha 2001, page 363–418.
10. ^Pyramid complex includes 3 queens pyramids.
11. ^Originally built a stepped pyramid.
12. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 1 or 2 queens pyramids.
13. ^Reuters: Jonathan Wright: [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080605.wpyramid0605/BNStory/Science/home Eroded pyramid attributed to early pharaoh], 5 June 2008
14. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 1 queens pyramid.
15. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 2 queens pyramids.
16. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 5 queens pyramids.
17. ^Last pyramid built in Saqqara.
18. ^Unclear if it was a step pyramid or a giant mastaba.
19. ^Archaeologically attested, but still unidentified.
20. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and 9 queens pyramids.
21. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid or a queens pyramid.
22. ^Pyramid complex includes 7 queens pyramids.
23. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.livescience.com/58531-second-pyramid-pharaoh-ameny-qemau-discovered.html |last=Jarus |first=Owen | title = 2nd Pyramid Bearing Pharaoh Ameny Qemau's Name Is Found | publisher = Live Science | accessdate = 8 April 2017 | date = 4 April 2017}}
24. ^Pyramid complex includes a satellite pyramid and two enclosure walls.
25. ^Built as a cenotaph. It is the only royal pyramid in Abydos.

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |first=Christopher |last=Dunn |title=Lost Technologies of Ancient Egypt: Advanced Engineering in the Temples of the Pharaohs |publisher=Bear & Company |location=|year=2010 |isbn=978-1591431022 |ref= {{SfnRef|Dunn|2010}}}}
  • {{cite book

|last=Lehner
|first=Mark
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|title=The complete pyramids: solving the ancient mysteries
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|year=1997
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}}{{Egyptian pyramids}}{{Ancient Egypt topics}}{{Prehistoric technology}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Egyptian Pyramids}}

4 : Ancient Egyptian pyramids|Lists of ancient buildings and structures|Ancient Egypt-related lists|Pyramids in Egypt
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