| 词条 | Abbey Mills Pumping Station | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = Abbey Mills Pumping Station | native_name = | native_name_lang = | logo = | logo_size = | logo_alt = | logo_caption = | image = Abbey Mill Pumping station.JPG | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | map_type = Greater London | map_alt = | map_caption = Location within London | map_size = | map_dot_label = | alternate_names = "The Cathedral of Sewage" | status = in use | building_type = pumping station | architectural_style = Italian Gothic | classification = | location = | address = Abbey Lane, West Ham | location_city = London | location_country = England | coordinates = {{coord|51.5307|-0.000835|display=inline,title}} | altitude = | current_tenants = | namesake = | groundbreaking_date = | start_date = 1865 | completion_date = 1868 | opened_date = | inauguration_date = | closing_date = | cost = | architect = Charles Driver, Edmund Cooper | architecture_firm = | developer = | engineer = Joseph Bazalgette | url = | embedded = {{infobox designation list | embed=yes | designation1 = Grade II* | designation1_date = 6 November 1974 | designation1_number = 1190476 | references = | footnotes = }} The original Abbey Mills Pumping Station, in West Ham, East London, is a sewage pumping station, designed by engineer Joseph Bazalgette, Edmund Cooper, and architect Charles Driver. It was built between 1865 and 1868, housing eight beam engines by Rothwell & Co. of Bolton. Two engines on each arm of a cruciform plan, with an elaborate Byzantine style, described as The Cathedral of Sewage.[1] Another of Bazalgette's designs, Crossness Pumping Station, is located south of the River Thames at Crossness, at the end of the Southern Outfall Sewer. A modern pumping station (F Station) was completed in 1997[2] about {{convert|200|m|ft}} south of the original station. HistoryThe pumping station was built at the site of an earlier watermill owned by the former Stratford Langthorne Abbey, from which it gained its name. It was first recorded as Wiggemulne in 1312, i.e., "the mill of a man called Wicga", an Old English personal name, and subsequently became associated with the abbey.[3] The Abbey lay between the Channelsea River and Marsh Lane (Manor Road). It was dissolved in 1538. By 1840, the North Woolwich railway ran through the site, and it began to be used to establish factories, and ultimately the sewage pumping stations.[4] PurposeThe pumps raised the sewage in the London sewerage system between the two Low Level Sewers and the Northern Outfall Sewer, which was built in the 1860s to carry the increasing amount of sewage produced in London away from the centre of the city. Two Moorish styled chimneys – unused since steam power had been replaced by electric motors in 1933 – were demolished in 1941, as it was feared that a strike from German bombs might topple them onto the pumping station. The building still houses electric pumps – to be used in reserve for the new facility next door. The main building is grade II* listed and there are many grade II-listed ancillary buildings, including the stumps of the demolished chimneys. Modern pumping stationThe modern pumping station (F Station) was designed by architects Allies and Morrison. The old building (A Station) has electrical pumps for use as a standby; the modern station is one of the three principal London pumping stations dealing with foul water. One of the world's largest installation of drum screens to treat sewage was constructed as part of the Thames Tideway Scheme. The site is managed and operated by Thames Water. Lee TunnelLee Tunnel is a sewage tunnel that travels from Abbey Mills to Beckton Sewage Works and is designed to handle the 16 million tons of overflow sewage that was previously discharged into the River Lea each year. Thames Water began construction in 2012 and on 28 January 2016, in a visit to the operations, London mayor Boris Johnson opened the tunnel for service.[5][6]As a film location{{Refimprove section|date=June 2015}}B Station represented Arkham Asylum in the 2005 film Batman Begins.[7][8] and was also used as the location for the "Cosy Prisons" video shoot by Norwegian pop band a-ha on 4 March 2006.[9] In 2007, the second show in season 1 of Derren Brown's Trick or Treat series was partially filmed at the site in which two of three paintings were cut with a knife as part of a trick. The disused and stripped out C Station was used in the 2008 film, Franklyn. The C Station was used in Series 2 Episode 4 of the TV series Primeval. In 2009, the station was used by British rock band Coldplay as a set for the music video to their song "Lovers In Japan".[10] GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite news|last=McConnell|first=Sara|title=An Olympic walk in East London|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/destinations/england/article784956.ece|work=The Times|accessdate=11 February 2011|date=4 January 2006|quote=...one of London's most startling sites – Abbey Mills Pumping Station with its red and green Moorish domes. Built in 1863 as part of London's then new sewage system, it was nicknamed the Cathedral of Sewage. }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alliesandmorrison.com/project/abbey-mills-pumping-station/|title=ABBEY MILLS PUMPING STATION - Allies and Morrison|work=alliesandmorrison.com|accessdate=9 October 2015}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=A Dictionary of London Place-Names|first=A. D.|last=Mills|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=9780199566785|page=1}} 4. ^West Ham: Stratford Abbey, A History of the County of Essex: Volume 6 (1973), pp. 112–14. Retrieved 20 February 2007 5. ^{{cite web|title='Busy Lizzie' arrives in London to dig Lee Tunnel|url=http://www.thameswater.co.uk/media/press-releases/14149.htm|website=Thames Water|accessdate=27 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326234122/http://www.thameswater.co.uk/media/press-releases/14149.htm|archivedate=26 March 2016 |deadurl=no}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Boris Johnson opens new 'super sewer' Lee Tunnel|author1=Amy Ashenden|author2=Luke Garrett|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/boris-johnson-opens-new-super-sewer-lee-tunnel-a3167691.html|accessdate=27 March 2016|work=London Evening Standard|date=28 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128204203/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/boris-johnson-opens-new-super-sewer-lee-tunnel-a3167691.html|archivedate=28 January 2016|deadurl=no}} 7. ^{{cite book | author = Claudia Kalindjian | title = Batman Begins: The Official Movie Guide | publisher = Time Warner International | year = 2005 | pages = 144–45 | isbn = 1-932273-44-1}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://moviemaps.org/images/2mi|title=Photo of Abbey Mills Pumping Station as Arkham Asylum Laboratory in Batman Begins — Movie Maps|work=moviemaps.org|accessdate=9 October 2015}} 9. ^{{cite web |title='Cosy Prisons' video shoot...in London! |work=News |publisher=Official a-ha website |date=5 March 2006 |url=http://www.a-ha.com/cparticle6968-417.html |accessdate=22 February 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029100808/http://www2.a-ha.com/cparticle6968-417.html |archivedate=29 October 2006 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.coldplaying.com/coldplays-oracle-tackles-questions-on-the-lovers-in-japan-video-birthday-boy-phil-harvey-mx-stylewardrobe-and-more/|title=Coldplay's Oracle tackles questions on the Lovers In Japan video, birthday boy Phil Harvey, MX style/wardrobe and more... - Coldplay Community|author=Tifosi|date=31 August 2012|work=coldplaying.com|accessdate=9 October 2015}} External links
14 : Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Newham|Grade II* listed buildings in the London Borough of Newham|Grade II* listed industrial buildings|Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Newham|Grade II listed industrial buildings|History of the London Borough of Newham|London water infrastructure|Structures on the Heritage at Risk register in London|Sewage pumping stations|Thames Water|Infrastructure completed in 1868|Former pumping stations|Charles Henry Driver buildings|West Ham |
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