| 词条 | Dangerous Sports Club |
| 释义 |
The Dangerous Sports Club, a group of adventurers and extreme sports pioneers based in Oxford and London, were active from the late 1970s for about ten years, during which they developed modern bungee jumping and experimented with a variety of other innovative sporting activities.[1][2] OriginsThe Dangerous Sports Club was co-founded by David Kirke, Chris Baker, Ed Hulton and Alan Weston in the 1970s. They first came to wide public attention by inventing modern day bungee jumping, by making the first modern jumps on 1 April 1979, from the Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol, England.[3] They followed the Clifton Bridge effort with a jump from the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco (including the first female bungee jump by Jane Wilmot), and with a televised leap from the Royal Gorge Suspension Bridge in Colorado, sponsored by and televised on the popular American television program That's Incredible! Initially, bungee jumping was a niche novelty; it was popularised by A J Hackett, and has become a mainstream activity.[4] HistoryThe club's activity and membership peaked in the 1980s, with several dozen active members and holding a wide range of events. The Club was heavily covered in the press, and made a film released in 1982 ("The History of the Dangerous Sports Club") as a supporting feature.[5] Their activities were recorded by photographer Dafydd Jones, including an image of a young Nigella Lawson playing croquet from a sedan chair during a club tea party.[6] The group split into various factions over the years. Monty Python member Graham Chapman was perhaps their most famous member, and he worked on a feature movie about the club prior to his death of tonsil and spinal cancer in 1989. When making personal appearances in the 1980s, Chapman would show films of Club activities. The Club, although later achieving a degree of social diversity, was rooted in the English upper class and centred geographically in Oxford and, later, the West End of London. The style of dress adopted by members during their activities often included top hats and tailcoats, gaining a champagne-swilling image.[7] ActivitiesIn addition to bungee jumping, the club specialised in high risk and surreal activities. The Club pioneered surrealist skiing, beginning in 1983 and holding three events at St. Moritz, Switzerland, in which competitors were required to devise a sculpture mounted on skis and ride it down a mountain. Entries included a grand piano, a Louis XIV dining set, and an 8-man boat.[8] The event reached its limits when the Club arrived in St. Moritz with a London double-decker bus, wanting to send it down the ski slopes, and the Swiss resort managers refused.[9][10] In 1986, David Kirke was sponsored by Foster's Lager to cross the English Channel in a kangaroo-shaped balloon, suspended beneath helium balloons, leading to his prosecution for flying without a pilot's licence.[11] Other Club activities included expedition hang gliding from active volcanoes; the launching of giant (60 ft) plastic spheres with pilots suspended in the centre (zorbing); microlight flying; and BASE jumping (in the early days of this sport). Trebuchet deathThe Oxford Stunt Factory, which shared many members with the Dangerous Sports Club, gained notoriety in 2002, when an Oxford student was killed being launched from a trebuchetReferences1. ^{{cite book|title=The Strange Adventures of the Dangerous Sports Club|author=Lyster, Martin|location=London | publisher=The Do-Not Press|year=1997|isbn=1-899344-28-4}} 2. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2004/02/oxford-university-dangerous-sports-club| title = The Muddled Legacy of Oxford University's Dangerous Sports Club| last = Martin| first = Brett| website = Vanity Fair| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-29819029 |title=World's 'first' bungee jump in Bristol captured on film |publisher=BBC |date= 10 November 2014 |accessdate=10 November 2014}} 4. ^Aerial Extreme Sports (2008). History of Bungee {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728105941/http://library.thinkquest.org/C0123122/historybungee.htm |date=28 July 2011 }}. Retrieved 17 October 2008. 5. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b72752163| title = The History of the Dangerous Sports Club (1981)| website = BFI| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 6. ^{{Cite web| url = http://dafjones.photoshelter.com/gallery/Dangerous-Sports-Club/G0000t4G7eVcnpQ8/| title = Dangerous Sports Club – Images {{!}} Dafydd Jones| website = dafjones.photoshelter.com| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 7. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2004/02/oxford-university-dangerous-sports-club| title = The Muddled Legacy of Oxford University's Dangerous Sports Club| last = Martin| first = Brett| website = Vanity Fair| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 8. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2004/02/oxford-university-dangerous-sports-club| title = The Muddled Legacy of Oxford University's Dangerous Sports Club| last = Martin| first = Brett| website = Vanity Fair| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 9. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2004/02/oxford-university-dangerous-sports-club| title = The Muddled Legacy of Oxford University's Dangerous Sports Club| last = Martin| first = Brett| website = Vanity Fair| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 10. ^{{cite book| url = https://books.google.fr/books?id=8HFE3L3nLT0C&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=dangerous+sports+club+skiing&source=bl&ots=cUfVYhp3EE&sig=FuC3CrkYiXR7IUl6Me_oQynVIpE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwikk63o8ZrLAhVF0hoKHQ6DB5AQ6AEIXTAM#v=onepage&q=dangerous%20sports%20club%20skiing&f=false| title = Extreme Landscapes of Leisure: Not a Hap-Hazardous Sport| publisher = Ashgate Publishing Ltd| year = 2012| isbn = 1409488896| last1 = Laviolette| first1 = Patrick}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/16/channel-hopping-kangaroo-balloon-aviation-history|title=Channel-hopping kangaroo balloon that made aviation history|date=16 September 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=6 March 2016}} 12. ^{{Cite web| url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1414282/Catapult-stunt-kills-Oxford-student.html| title = Catapult stunt kills Oxford student| last = Savill| first = By Richard| date = 26 November 2002| website = The Daily Telegraph| access-date = 2016}} 13. ^{{Cite news| url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2005/oct/31/highereducation.uk4| title = Inquest told of student catapult death| last = Association| first = Press| date = 31 October 2005| newspaper = The Guardian| language = en-GB| issn = 0261-3077| access-date = 28 February 2016}} 14. ^{{Cite web| url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3620215/An-endangered-species.html| title = An endangered species| last = Smith| first = Julia Llewellyn| website = The Daily Telegraph| access-date = 28 February 2016}} External links
4 : Sports clubs in London|Sport in Oxford|Clubs and societies in Oxfordshire|Bungee jumping |
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