| 词条 | Decompensation |
| 释义 |
In medicine, decompensation is the functional deterioration of a structure or system that had been previously working with the help of allostatic compensation. Decompensation may occur due to fatigue, stress, illness, or old age. When a system is "compensated", it is able to function despite stressors or defects. Decompensation describes an inability to compensate for these deficiencies. It is a general term commonly used in medicine to describe a variety of situations. PhysiologyFor example, cardiac decompensation may refer to the failure of the heart to maintain adequate blood circulation, after long-standing (previously compensated) vascular disease (see heart failure). Short-term treatment of cardiac decompensation can be achieved through administration of dobutamine, resulting in an increase in heart contractility via an inotropic effect.[1] Kidney failure can also occur following a slow degradation of kidney function due to an underlying untreated illness; the symptoms of the latter can then become much more severe due to the lack of efficient compensation by the kidney. Psychology{{See also|Narcissistic rage and narcissistic injury}}{{See also|Disinhibition}}In psychology, the term refers to the inability to maintain defense mechanisms in response to stress, resulting in personality disturbance or psychological imbalance.[2][3] Some who suffer from narcissistic personality disorder or borderline personality disorder may decompensate into persecutory delusions to defend against a troubling reality.[4] References1. ^{{cite journal|title=Acute Decompensated Heart Failure|pmc=2801958 |year=2009|journal=Texas Heart Institute Journal|last1=Joseph|display-authors=etal|pmid=20069075|volume=36|pages=510–20}} 2. ^{{cite book |author1=Carol D Tamparo |author2=Marcia A Lewis |title=Diseases of the Human Body|publisher=F.A. Davis Company|year=2011 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Hdc-AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA527&lpg=PA527&dq=%22inability+to+maintain+defense+mechanisms+in+response+to+stress%22+%22resulting+in+personality+disturbance+or+psychological+imbalance%22&source=bl&ots=-CqzaMpZ-O&sig=O2ScrBYRfB0cfkGcngmi7jNUVS8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBGoVChMIv_bRt8PZxwIVBdceCh1QTwJP#v=onepage&q=%22inability%20to%20maintain%20defense%20mechanisms%20in%20response%20to%20stress%22%20%22resulting%20in%20personality%20disturbance%20or%20psychological%20imbalance%22&f=false 527] |isbn=978-0803625051}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Free Dictionary|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/decompensate|website=Free Dictionary|accessdate=29 August 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book |author=Theodore Million|title=Disorders of Personality:Introducing a DSM / ICD Spectrum from Normal to Abnormal 3rd Edition|publisher=Wiley|year=2011 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=-u5lAsunPu0C&pg=PA407&dq=millon+persecutory+delusion+decompensation+%22Under+conditions+of+unrelieved+adversity+and+failure%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMI48v_nsrZxwIVC8uACh09uAUy#v=onepage&q=millon%20persecutory%20delusion%20decompensation%20%22Under%20conditions%20of%20unrelieved%20adversity%20and%20failure%22&f=false 407–408] |isbn=978-0470040935}} External links{{wiktionary}}
4 : Psychoanalytic terminology|Medical terminology|Narcissism|Borderline personality disorder |
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