| 词条 | Mesaxonia |
| 释义 |
| name = Mesaxonia | image = Donkey 1 arp 750px.jpg | image_caption = Donkey, Equus africanus | image2 =Macrauchenia (reconstruction).jpg | image2_caption = Macrauchenia patachonica | taxon = Mesaxonia | authority = Marsh, 1884 | subdivision_ranks = Families and Orders | subdivision =
}}Mesaxonians (near-synonymous with Panperissodactyla) a clade of ungulates whose weight is distributed on the third toe on all legs through the plane symmetry of their feet. For a while it was often seen to only contain the order Perissodactyla (which includes the equines, rhinos and tapirs). Recent work in morphological cladistics and ancient DNA suggests that several extinct lineages, like the Desmostylia and some of the South American ungulates of Meridiungulata (both groups traditionally seen as Afrotherian relatives) are related to the perissodactyls.[3][4] References1. ^{{Cite journal|title = Ancient proteins resolve the evolutionary history of Darwin/'s South American ungulates|url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature14249.html|journal = Nature|date = March 18, 2015|access-date = 2015-04-30|issn = 1476-4687|volume = 522|issue = 7554|doi = 10.1038/nature14249|language = |first = Frido|last = Welker|first2 = Matthew J.|last2 = Collins|first3 = Jessica A.|last3 = Thomas|first4 = Marc|last4 = Wadsley|first5 = Selina|last5 = Brace|first6 = Enrico|last6 = Cappellini|first7 = Samuel T.|last7 = Turvey|first8 = Marcelo|last8 = Reguero|first9 = Javier N.|last9 = Gelfo|pages=81–84|pmid=25799987}} 2. ^BURGER, Benjamin J., THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE SABER-TOOTHED AND HORNED GIANTS OF THE EOCENE: THE UINTATHERES (ORDER DINOCERATA), Utah State University Uintah Basin Campus, Vernal, UT, United States of America, 84078, SVP 2015 3. ^1 2 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0109232| pmid = 25295875| title = Anthracobunids from the Middle Eocene of India and Pakistan Are Stem Perissodactyls| journal = PLoS ONE| volume = 9| issue = 10| pages = e109232| date = 2014-10-08| last1 = Cooper | first1 = L. N. | last2 = Seiffert | first2 = E. R. | last3 = Clementz | first3 = M. | last4 = Madar | first4 = S. I. | last5 = Bajpai | first5 = S. | last6 = Hussain | first6 = S. T. | last7 = Thewissen | first7 = J. G. M.| ref = harv | pmc=4189980}} 4. ^1 {{cite web | last = Qiu | first = L. | title = Ancient "Oddball" Mammal Reshuffles Family Tree? | publisher = National Geographic Society | date = 2014-10-08 | url = http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2014/10/08/animals-science-paleontology-fossils-evolution-rhinoceroses-elephants/ | accessdate = 2014-10-11 | archivedate = 2014-10-11 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20141011071917/http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2014/10/08/animals-science-paleontology-fossils-evolution-rhinoceroses-elephants/}} External links
2 : Mammal taxonomy|Controversial mammal taxa |
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