| 词条 | Methuselah (tree) |
| 释义 |
| name = Methuselah | image = Methuselah Walk USA Ca.jpg | alt = Forest of gnarled pine trees with sandy soil between them | image_caption = The Methuselah Grove | species = Great Basin bristlecone pine | binomial = Pinus longaeva | location = Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, in the White Mountains, Inyo County, California | coordinates = {{coord|37.3794|-118.1618|format=dms|display=inline,title|type:landmark_region:US-CA}} | seeded = 2833 BC | felled = | custodian = United States Forest Service }}Methuselah is a {{Age nts|-2832|8|5}}-year-old[1] Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California.[2][3] For many years it was thought to be the world's oldest known living non-clonal organism, until it was superseded in 2012 by the discovery of another bristlecone pine in the same area with an age of {{Age nts|-3050|8|31}} years (germination in 3050 BC).[4] GeographyMethuselah is located between {{convert|2900|and|3000|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level in the "Methuselah Grove" in the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest within the Inyo National Forest. Its exact location has not been publicly disclosed.[5][6] Status as oldest known treeMethuselah was 4,789 years old when sampled (likely in 1957) by Edmund Schulman and Tom Harlan,[1] with an estimated germination date of 2833 BC. Methuselah was for many years considered the world's oldest living tree, until 2012 when an older bristlecone pine was discovered and later announced in 2013.[4] Other ancient treesBristleconesAnother bristlecone specimen, WPN-114, nicknamed "Prometheus", was more than 4,844 years old when cut down in 1964, with an estimated germination date of 2880 BC. A dendrochronology, based on these trees and other bristlecone pine samples, extends back to about 9000 BC, albeit with a single gap of about 500 years.[7][3] Clonal organismsOther, longer-lived discoveries are clonal colony organisms, such as the 80,000-year-old quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) colony named "Pando" in the Fish Lake National Forest in south-central Utah; the 11,700-year- old creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) colony, named "King Clone", in the Mojave Desert near the Lucerne Valley in California; and the 9,500-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies) colony named "Old Tjikko" in Sweden.[8][9][10] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.conifers.org/pi/Pinus_longaeva.php |title= Pinus longaeva |accessdate= 2015-01-04 |publisher= Gymnosperm Database|date= March 15, 2007}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/inyo/specialplaces/?cid=stelprdb5129900|title=Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest|accessdate=March 11, 2013|publisher=USFS}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/inyo/learning/nature-science/?cid=stelprdb5138621|title= Ancient Bristlecone Pine Natural History|accessdate=March 11, 2013|publisher=USFS}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research OldList|url=http://www.rmtrr.org/oldlist.htm|accessdate=6 January 2013}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/17/science/at-age-4600-plus-methuselah-pine-tree-begets-new-offspring.html|title=At Age 4,600-Plus, Methuselah Pine Tree Begets New Offspring|first=Gwen|last=Kinkead|date=June 17, 2003|newspaper=New York Times}} 6. ^Methuselah Walk. U.S. Forest Service/Eastern Sierra Interpretive Association. 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1998/08/23/SC72173.DTL|title=Staying Alive|first=Carl|last=Hall|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|date=1998-08-23}} 8. ^{{cite journal|title=Creosote Bush: Long-Lived Clones in the Mojave Desert|first1=Frank C.|last1=Vasek|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=67|issue=2|date=Feb 1980|pages=246–255|doi=10.2307/2442649|jstor=2442649}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.hcn.org/servlets/hcn.Article?article_id=11165|title=Larrea tridentata - King Clone|newspaper=High Country News}} 10. ^{{cite news|newspaper=Science Daily|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080416104320.htm|title=World's Oldest Living clonal tree, 9550 years old, Discovered In Sweden}} External links
8 : Individual conifers|Individual trees in California|Inyo National Forest|White Mountains (California)|Natural history of Inyo County, California|History of California|Landmarks in California|Trees of the Great Basin |
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