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词条 ABL (gene)
释义

  1. Function

  2. Clinical significance

  3. Interactions

  4. Regulation

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Further reading

  8. External links

{{Infobox_gene}}

Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ABL1 gene (previous symbol ABL) located on chromosome 9.[1] c-Abl is sometimes used to refer to the version of the gene found within the mammalian genome, while v-Abl refers to the viral gene.

Function

The ABL1 proto-oncogene encodes a cytoplasmic and nuclear protein tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in processes of cell differentiation, cell division, cell adhesion, and stress response. Activity of ABL1 protein is negatively regulated by its SH3 domain, and deletion of the SH3 domain turns ABL1 into an oncogene. The t(9;22) translocation results in the head-to-tail fusion of the BCR and ABL1 genes, leading to a fusion gene present in many cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The DNA-binding activity of the ubiquitously expressed ABL1 tyrosine kinase is regulated by CDC2-mediated phosphorylation, suggesting a cell cycle function for ABL1. The ABL1 gene is expressed as either a 6- or a 7-kb mRNA transcript, with alternatively spliced first exons spliced to the common exons 2-11.[2]

Clinical significance

Mutations in the ABL1 gene are associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In CML, the gene is activated by being translocated within the BCR (breakpoint cluster region) gene on chromosome 22. This new fusion gene, BCR-ABL, encodes an unregulated, cytoplasm-targeted tyrosine kinase that allows the cells to proliferate without being regulated by cytokines. This, in turn, allows the cell to become cancerous.

This gene is a partner in a fusion gene with the BCR gene in the Philadelphia chromosome, a characteristic abnormality in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and rarely in some other leukemia forms. The BCR-ABL transcript encodes a tyrosine kinase, which activates mediators of the cell cycle regulation system, leading to a clonal myeloproliferative disorder. The BCR-ABL protein can be inhibited by various small molecules. One such inhibitor is imatinib mesylate, which occupies the tyrosine kinase domain and inhibits BCR-ABL's influence on the cell cycle. Second generation BCR-ABL tyrosine-kinase inhibitors are also under development

to inhibit BCR-ABL mutants resistant to imatinib.

Interactions

Abl gene has been shown to interact with:

{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
  • ABI1,[3][4][5]
  • ABI2,[6][7]
  • ABL2,[6]
  • ATM,[9][8][9]
  • BCAR1,[10][11]
  • BCR,[14][12][13]
  • BRCA1,[14]
  • CAT,[15]
  • CBL,[19][20]
  • CRKL,[21][16][17]
  • DOK1,[18][19]
  • EPHB2,[20]
  • GPX1,[21]
  • GRB10,[22][23]
  • MTOR,[24]
  • GRB2,[21][25]
  • MDM2,[26]
  • NCK1,[27][28]
  • NEDD9,[29][30]
  • NTRK1,[31][32]
  • P73,[33][34]
  • PAG1,[35]
  • PAK2,[36]
  • PSTPIP1,[37]
  • RAD9A,[38]
  • RAD51,[39]
  • RB1,[40][41]
  • RFX1,[42]
  • RYBP,[43]
  • SHC1,[44][45]
  • SORBS2,[46][47]
  • SPTA1,[48]
  • SPTAN1,[48]
  • TERF1,[9]
  • VAV1,[49] and
  • YTHDC1.[50]
{{Div col end}}

Regulation

There is some evidence that the expression of Abl is regulated by the microRNA miR-203.[51]

See also

  • BCR gene

References

1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Szczylik C, Skorski T, Nicolaides NC, Manzella L, Malaguarnera L, Venturelli D, Gewirtz AM, Calabretta B | title = Selective inhibition of leukemia cell proliferation by BCR-ABL antisense oligodeoxynucleotides | journal = Science | volume = 253 | issue = 5019 | pages = 562–5 | date = August 1991 | pmid = 1857987 | doi = 10.1126/science.1857987 }}
2. ^{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ABL1 v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=25| accessdate = }}
3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Tani K, Sato S, Sukezane T, Kojima H, Hirose H, Hanafusa H, Shishido T | title = Abl interactor 1 promotes tyrosine 296 phosphorylation of mammalian enabled (Mena) by c-Abl kinase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 24 | pages = 21685–92 | date = June 2003 | pmid = 12672821 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M301447200 }}
4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Biesova Z, Piccoli C, Wong WT | title = Isolation and characterization of e3B1, an eps8 binding protein that regulates cell growth | journal = Oncogene | volume = 14 | issue = 2 | pages = 233–41 | date = January 1997 | pmid = 9010225 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1200822 }}
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamamoto A, Suzuki T, Sakaki Y | title = Isolation of hNap1BP which interacts with human Nap1 (NCKAP1) whose expression is down-regulated in Alzheimer's disease | journal = Gene | volume = 271 | issue = 2 | pages = 159–69 | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11418237 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00521-2 }}
6. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Cao C, Leng Y, Li C, Kufe D | title = Functional interaction between the c-Abl and Arg protein-tyrosine kinases in the oxidative stress response | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 15 | pages = 12961–7 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12569093 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M300058200 }}
7. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Dai Z, Pendergast AM | title = Abi-2, a novel SH3-containing protein interacts with the c-Abl tyrosine kinase and modulates c-Abl transforming activity | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 9 | issue = 21 | pages = 2569–82 | date = November 1995 | pmid = 7590236 | doi = 10.1101/gad.9.21.2569 }}
8. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Shafman T, Khanna KK, Kedar P, Spring K, Kozlov S, Yen T, Hobson K, Gatei M, Zhang N, Watters D, Egerton M, Shiloh Y, Kharbanda S, Kufe D, Lavin MF | title = Interaction between ATM protein and c-Abl in response to DNA damage | journal = Nature | volume = 387 | issue = 6632 | pages = 520–3 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9168117 | doi = 10.1038/387520a0 }}
9. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Kishi S, Zhou XZ, Ziv Y, Khoo C, Hill DE, Shiloh Y, Lu KP | title = Telomeric protein Pin2/TRF1 as an important ATM target in response to double strand DNA breaks | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 31 | pages = 29282–91 | date = August 2001 | pmid = 11375976 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M011534200 }}
10. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Salgia R, Pisick E, Sattler M, Li JL, Uemura N, Wong WK, Burky SA, Hirai H, Chen LB, Griffin JD | title = p130CAS forms a signaling complex with the adapter protein CRKL in hematopoietic cells transformed by the BCR/ABL oncogene | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 271 | issue = 41 | pages = 25198–203 | date = October 1996 | pmid = 8810278 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25198 }}
11. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Mayer BJ, Hirai H, Sakai R | title = Evidence that SH2 domains promote processive phosphorylation by protein-tyrosine kinases | journal = Curr. Biol. | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 296–305 | date = March 1995 | pmid = 7780740 | doi = 10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00060-1 }}
12. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Ling X, Ma G, Sun T, Liu J, Arlinghaus RB | title = Bcr and Abl interaction: oncogenic activation of c-Abl by sequestering Bcr | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 63 | issue = 2 | pages = 298–303 | date = January 2003 | pmid = 12543778 | doi = }}
13. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Pendergast AM, Muller AJ, Havlik MH, Maru Y, Witte ON | title = BCR sequences essential for transformation by the BCR-ABL oncogene bind to the ABL SH2 regulatory domain in a non-phosphotyrosine-dependent manner | journal = Cell | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 161–71 | date = July 1991 | pmid = 1712671 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90148-R }}
14. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Foray N, Marot D, Randrianarison V, Venezia ND, Picard D, Perricaudet M, Favaudon V, Jeggo P | title = Constitutive association of BRCA1 and c-Abl and its ATM-dependent disruption after irradiation | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 22 | issue = 12 | pages = 4020–32 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 12024016 | pmc = 133860 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.12.4020-4032.2002 }}
15. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Cao C, Leng Y, Kufe D | title = Catalase activity is regulated by c-Abl and Arg in the oxidative stress response | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 32 | pages = 29667–75 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12777400 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M301292200 }}
16. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Heaney C, Kolibaba K, Bhat A, Oda T, Ohno S, Fanning S, Druker BJ | title = Direct binding of CRKL to BCR-ABL is not required for BCR-ABL transformation | journal = Blood | volume = 89 | issue = 1 | pages = 297–306 | date = January 1997 | pmid = 8978305 | doi = }}
17. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Kyono WT, de Jong R, Park RK, Liu Y, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Durden DL | title = Differential interaction of Crkl with Cbl or C3G, Hef-1, and gamma subunit immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif in signaling of myeloid high affinity Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RI) | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 161 | issue = 10 | pages = 5555–63 | date = November 1998 | pmid = 9820532 | doi = }}
18. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = van Dijk TB, van Den Akker E, Amelsvoort MP, Mano H, Löwenberg B, von Lindern M | title = Stem cell factor induces phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-dependent Lyn/Tec/Dok-1 complex formation in hematopoietic cells | journal = Blood | volume = 96 | issue = 10 | pages = 3406–13 | date = November 2000 | pmid = 11071635 | doi = }}
19. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamanashi Y, Baltimore D | title = Identification of the Abl- and rasGAP-associated 62 kDa protein as a docking protein, Dok | journal = Cell | volume = 88 | issue = 2 | pages = 205–11 | date = January 1997 | pmid = 9008161 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81841-3 }}
20. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yu HH, Zisch AH, Dodelet VC, Pasquale EB | title = Multiple signaling interactions of Abl and Arg kinases with the EphB2 receptor | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 30 | pages = 3995–4006 | date = July 2001 | pmid = 11494128 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1204524 }}
21. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Cao C, Leng Y, Huang W, Liu X, Kufe D | title = Glutathione peroxidase 1 is regulated by the c-Abl and Arg tyrosine kinases | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 41 | pages = 39609–14 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 12893824 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M305770200 }}
22. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Bai RY, Jahn T, Schrem S, Munzert G, Weidner KM, Wang JY, Duyster J | title = The SH2-containing adapter protein GRB10 interacts with BCR-ABL | journal = Oncogene | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 941–8 | date = August 1998 | pmid = 9747873 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1202024 }}
23. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Frantz JD, Giorgetti-Peraldi S, Ottinger EA, Shoelson SE | title = Human GRB-IRbeta/GRB10. Splice variants of an insulin and growth factor receptor-binding protein with PH and SH2 domains | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 5 | pages = 2659–67 | date = January 1997 | pmid = 9006901 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.5.2659 }}
24. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar V, Sabatini D, Pandey P, Gingras AC, Majumder PK, Kumar M, Yuan ZM, Carmichael G, Weichselbaum R, Sonenberg N, Kufe D, Kharbanda S | title = Regulation of the rapamycin and FKBP-target 1/mammalian target of rapamycin and cap-dependent initiation of translation by the c-Abl protein-tyrosine kinase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 275 | issue = 15 | pages = 10779–87 | date = April 2000 | pmid = 10753870 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.275.15.10779 }}
25. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Warmuth M, Bergmann M, Priess A, Häuslmann K, Emmerich B, Hallek M | title = The Src family kinase Hck interacts with Bcr-Abl by a kinase-independent mechanism and phosphorylates the Grb2-binding site of Bcr | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 52 | pages = 33260–70 | date = December 1997 | pmid = 9407116 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.52.33260 }}
26. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Goldberg Z, Vogt Sionov R, Berger M, Zwang Y, Perets R, Van Etten RA, Oren M, Taya Y, Haupt Y | title = Tyrosine phosphorylation of Mdm2 by c-Abl: implications for p53 regulation | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 21 | issue = 14 | pages = 3715–27 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12110584 | pmc = 125401 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/cdf384 }}
27. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Aleman LM, Smith JM, Adler CE, Mayer BJ | title = Regulation of Cbl phosphorylation by the Abl tyrosine kinase and the Nck SH2/SH3 adaptor | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 30 | pages = 4058–69 | date = July 2001 | pmid = 11494134 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1204528 }}
28. ^1 2 {{cite journal | vauthors = Ren R, Ye ZS, Baltimore D | title = Abl protein-tyrosine kinase selects the Crk adapter as a substrate using SH3-binding sites | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 8 | issue = 7 | pages = 783–95 | date = April 1994 | pmid = 7926767 | doi = 10.1101/gad.8.7.783 }}
29. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Minegishi M, Tachibana K, Sato T, Iwata S, Nojima Y, Morimoto C | title = Structure and function of Cas-L, a 105-kD Crk-associated substrate-related protein that is involved in beta 1 integrin-mediated signaling in lymphocytes | journal = J. Exp. Med. | volume = 184 | issue = 4 | pages = 1365–75 | date = October 1996 | pmid = 8879209 | pmc = 2192828 | doi = 10.1084/jem.184.4.1365 }}
30. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Law SF, Estojak J, Wang B, Mysliwiec T, Kruh G, Golemis EA | title = Human enhancer of filamentation 1, a novel p130cas-like docking protein, associates with focal adhesion kinase and induces pseudohyphal growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 16 | issue = 7 | pages = 3327–37 | date = July 1996 | pmid = 8668148 | pmc = 231327 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.16.7.3327}}
31. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Koch A, Mancini A, Stefan M, Niedenthal R, Niemann H, Tamura T | title = Direct interaction of nerve growth factor receptor, TrkA, with non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Abl, through the activation loop | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 469 | issue = 1 | pages = 72–6 | date = March 2000 | pmid = 10708759 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01242-4 }}
32. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yano H, Cong F, Birge RB, Goff SP, Chao MV | title = Association of the Abl tyrosine kinase with the Trk nerve growth factor receptor | journal = J. Neurosci. Res. | volume = 59 | issue = 3 | pages = 356–64 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10679771 | doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000201)59:3<356::AID-JNR9>3.0.CO;2-G }}
33. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yuan ZM, Shioya H, Ishiko T, Sun X, Gu J, Huang YY, Lu H, Kharbanda S, Weichselbaum R, Kufe D | title = p73 is regulated by tyrosine kinase c-Abl in the apoptotic response to DNA damage | journal = Nature | volume = 399 | issue = 6738 | pages = 814–7 | date = June 1999 | pmid = 10391251 | doi = 10.1038/21704 }}
34. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Agami R, Blandino G, Oren M, Shaul Y | title = Interaction of c-Abl and p73alpha and their collaboration to induce apoptosis | journal = Nature | volume = 399 | issue = 6738 | pages = 809–13 | date = June 1999 | pmid = 10391250 | doi = 10.1038/21697 }}
35. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wen ST, Van Etten RA | title = The PAG gene product, a stress-induced protein with antioxidant properties, is an Abl SH3-binding protein and a physiological inhibitor of c-Abl tyrosine kinase activity | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 11 | issue = 19 | pages = 2456–67 | date = October 1997 | pmid = 9334312 | pmc = 316562 | doi = 10.1101/gad.11.19.2456 }}
36. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Roig J, Tuazon PT, Zipfel PA, Pendergast AM, Traugh JA | title = Functional interaction between c-Abl and the p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 97 | issue = 26 | pages = 14346–51 | date = December 2000 | pmid = 11121037 | pmc = 18921 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.97.26.14346 }}
37. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Cong F, Spencer S, Côté JF, Wu Y, Tremblay ML, Lasky LA, Goff SP | title = Cytoskeletal protein PSTPIP1 directs the PEST-type protein tyrosine phosphatase to the c-Abl kinase to mediate Abl dephosphorylation | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 6 | issue = 6 | pages = 1413–23 | date = December 2000 | pmid = 11163214 | doi = 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00138-6 }}
38. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Yoshida K, Komatsu K, Wang HG, Kufe D | title = c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates the human Rad9 checkpoint protein in response to DNA damage | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 22 | issue = 10 | pages = 3292–300 | date = May 2002 | pmid = 11971963 | pmc = 133797 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.10.3292-3300.2002 }}
39. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Chen G, Yuan SS, Liu W, Xu Y, Trujillo K, Song B, Cong F, Goff SP, Wu Y, Arlinghaus R, Baltimore D, Gasser PJ, Park MS, Sung P, Lee EY | title = Radiation-induced assembly of Rad51 and Rad52 recombination complex requires ATM and c-Abl | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 18 | pages = 12748–52 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10212258 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.18.12748 }}
40. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Miyamura T, Nishimura J, Yufu Y, Nawata H | title = Interaction of BCR-ABL with the retinoblastoma protein in Philadelphia chromosome-positive cell lines | journal = Int. J. Hematol. | volume = 65 | issue = 2 | pages = 115–21 | date = February 1997 | pmid = 9071815 | doi = 10.1016/S0925-5710(96)00539-7 }}
41. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Welch PJ, Wang JY | title = A C-terminal protein-binding domain in the retinoblastoma protein regulates nuclear c-Abl tyrosine kinase in the cell cycle | journal = Cell | volume = 75 | issue = 4 | pages = 779–90 | date = November 1993 | pmid = 8242749 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90497-E }}
42. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Agami R, Shaul Y | title = The kinase activity of c-Abl but not v-Abl is potentiated by direct interaction with RFXI, a protein that binds the enhancers of several viruses and cell-cycle regulated genes | journal = Oncogene | volume = 16 | issue = 14 | pages = 1779–88 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9583676 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1201708 }}
43. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhu J, Shore SK | title = c-ABL tyrosine kinase activity is regulated by association with a novel SH3-domain-binding protein | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 16 | issue = 12 | pages = 7054–62 | date = December 1996 | pmid = 8943360 | pmc = 231708 | doi = 10.1128/mcb.16.12.7054}}
44. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Puil L, Liu J, Gish G, Mbamalu G, Bowtell D, Pelicci PG, Arlinghaus R, Pawson T | title = Bcr-Abl oncoproteins bind directly to activators of the Ras signalling pathway | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | pages = 764–73 | date = February 1994 | pmid = 8112292 | pmc = 394874 | doi = 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06319.x}}
45. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wisniewski D, Strife A, Swendeman S, Erdjument-Bromage H, Geromanos S, Kavanaugh WM, Tempst P, Clarkson B | title = A novel SH2-containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase (SHIP2) is constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated and associated with src homologous and collagen gene (SHC) in chronic myelogenous leukemia progenitor cells | journal = Blood | volume = 93 | issue = 8 | pages = 2707–20 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10194451 | doi = }}
46. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Soubeyran P, Barac A, Szymkiewicz I, Dikic I | title = Cbl-ArgBP2 complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of c-Abl | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 370 | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 29–34 | date = February 2003 | pmid = 12475393 | pmc = 1223168 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20021539 }}
47. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang B, Golemis EA, Kruh GD | title = ArgBP2, a multiple Src homology 3 domain-containing, Arg/Abl-interacting protein, is phosphorylated in v-Abl-transformed cells and localized in stress fibers and cardiocyte Z-disks | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 28 | pages = 17542–50 | date = July 1997 | pmid = 9211900 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.28.17542 }}
48. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Ziemnicka-Kotula D, Xu J, Gu H, Potempska A, Kim KS, Jenkins EC, Trenkner E, Kotula L | title = Identification of a candidate human spectrin Src homology 3 domain-binding protein suggests a general mechanism of association of tyrosine kinases with the spectrin-based membrane skeleton | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 273 | issue = 22 | pages = 13681–92 | date = May 1998 | pmid = 9593709 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.273.22.13681 }}
49. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Bassermann F, Jahn T, Miething C, Seipel P, Bai RY, Coutinho S, Tybulewicz VL, Peschel C, Duyster J | title = Association of Bcr-Abl with the proto-oncogene Vav is implicated in activation of the Rac-1 pathway | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 14 | pages = 12437–45 | date = April 2002 | pmid = 11790798 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M112397200 }}
50. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Rafalska I, Zhang Z, Benderska N, Wolff H, Hartmann AM, Brack-Werner R, Stamm S | title = The intranuclear localization and function of YT521-B is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation | journal = Hum. Mol. Genet. | volume = 13 | issue = 15 | pages = 1535–49 | date = August 2004 | pmid = 15175272 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/ddh167 }}
51. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Bueno MJ, Pérez de Castro I, Gómez de Cedrón M, Santos J, Calin GA, Cigudosa JC, Croce CM, Fernández-Piqueras J, Malumbres M | title = Genetic and epigenetic silencing of microRNA-203 enhances ABL1 and BCR-ABL1 oncogene expression | journal = Cancer Cell | volume = 13 | issue = 6 | pages = 496–506 | date = June 2008 | pmid = 18538733 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.04.018 }}

Further reading

{{refbegin | 35em}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Shore SK, Tantravahi RV, Reddy EP | title = Transforming pathways activated by the v-Abl tyrosine kinase | journal = Oncogene | volume = 21 | issue = 56 | pages = 8568–76 | date = December 2002 | pmid = 12476303 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1206084 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Shaul Y | title = c-Abl: activation and nuclear targets | journal = Cell Death Differ. | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 10–6 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10713716 | doi = 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400626 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Era T | title = Bcr-Abl is a "molecular switch" for the decision for growth and differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells | journal = Int. J. Hematol. | volume = 76 | issue = 1 | pages = 35–43 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12138893 | doi = 10.1007/BF02982716 }}
  • {{cite book | vauthors = Pendergast AM | title = The Abl family kinases: mechanisms of regulation and signaling | journal = Adv. Cancer Res. | volume = 85 | issue = | pages = 51–100 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12374288 | doi = 10.1016/S0065-230X(02)85003-5 | series = Advances in Cancer Research | isbn = 978-0120066858 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Keung YK, Beaty M, Steward W, Jackle B, Pettnati M | title = Chronic myelocytic leukemia with eosinophilia, t(9;12)(q34;p13), and ETV6-ABL gene rearrangement: case report and review of the literature | journal = Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. | volume = 138 | issue = 2 | pages = 139–42 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12505259 | doi = 10.1016/S0165-4608(02)00609-X }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Saglio G, Cilloni D | title = Abl: the prototype of oncogenic fusion proteins | journal = Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | volume = 61 | issue = 23 | pages = 2897–911 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15583852 | doi = 10.1007/s00018-004-4271-0 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors = Shaul Y, Ben-Yehoyada M | title = Role of c-Abl in the DNA damage stress response | journal = Cell Res. | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 33–5 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15686624 | doi = 10.1038/sj.cr.7290261 }}
  • {{cite book | vauthors = Yoshida K | title = Regulation for nuclear targeting of the Abl tyrosine kinase in response to DNA damage | journal = Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. | volume = 604 | issue = | pages = 155–65 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17695727 | doi = 10.1007/978-0-387-69116-9_15 | series = Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | isbn = 978-0-387-69114-5 }}
{{refend}}

External links

  • {{MeshName|Genes,+abl}}
  • {{OMIM|189980}} (ABL)
  • {{MeshName|Abelson+Leukemia+Virus}}
  • Drosophila Abl tyrosine kinase - The Interactive Fly
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110704224409/http://cmkb.cellmigration.org/report.cgi?report=orth_overview&gene_id=25 ABL1] Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20111104074518/http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/ABL.html ABL1] on the Atlas of Genetics and Oncology
  • {{UCSC gene info|ABL1}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=25}}{{Tyrosine kinases}}{{Enzymes}}{{Portal bar|Molecular and Cellular Biology|border=no}}

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