| 词条 | Muhammad al-Maghili |
| 释义 |
Maghili led a campaign to expel the city's Jewish community,and was successful. Many of the Jews were indeed expelled from Tlemcen and their synagogue was destroyed.[2] He also served as an adviser for Muhammad Rumfa, Emir of the Hausa city-state Kano, and wrote a treatise on government, On The Obligations of Princes.[3] Original manuscripts of his work are available from the United Nations World Digital Library.[4] BiographyMuhammad al-Maghili was born in Tlemcen {{Circa}}1440 into a Berber family of the Maghila tribe.[5][6][7] There he spent his childhood learning the rudiments of the Qur'an, which he quickly committed to his memory.[6] He studied under al-Imam Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi (d. 1470/1) and the Qadi of Touat, Abu Zakariya Yahya ibn Yadir ibn 'Atiq al-Tadalsi (d. 1472/3) as well other sholars.[6][7] In the fifteenth century al-Maghili had denounced the corrupt and unIslamic practices of West African Muslim states. He condemned their methods of taxation, and the seizure of private property. He also donounced pagan ceremonial practices common in West African Muslim state courts and palaces. Al-Maghili also denounced the mallams (Islamic teachers) who served rulers without basic knoweldge of Arabic or Islam. Al-Maghili called for the implementation of Sharia Law and introduced the concept of the Islamic mujaddid (the renewer of Islam). Al-Maghili became highly influential amongst West Africans and was a direct inspiration to the militant reformers and West African jihads of the 15th century onwards.[8] See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Wodaabe.html|publisher="University of Iowa "|title=Wodaabe People|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051105075547/http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Wodaabe.html|archivedate=2005-11-05|df=}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Maghili, Muhammad al-}}{{Algeria-bio-stub}}{{Islamic-scholar-stub}}2. ^{{cite web |url= http://markuswiener.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=134 |title= Jews of a Saharan Oasis: Authored by John Hunwick|accessdate=2007-05-05 |work= Markusweiner.com|publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928092245/http://markuswiener.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=134 |archivedate = 2007-09-28}} 3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.whenweruled.com/articles.php?lng=en&pg=25|title= 50 Greatest Africans - Sarki Muhammad Rumfa & Emperor Semamun|accessdate=2007-05-05 |work= When We Ruled|publisher=Every Generation Media}} 4. ^http://www.wdl.org/en/item/36/#q=Maghili&qla=en 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y99jTbxNbSAC|title=The Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 2A, The Indian Sub-Continent, South-East Asia, Africa and the Muslim West|last=Holt|first=P. M.|last2=Holt|first2=Peter Malcolm|last3=Lambton|first3=Ann K. S.|last4=Lewis|first4=Bernard|date=1977-04-21|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=|isbn=9780521291378|location=|pages=353|language=en|via=}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite journal |last= Batran|first='Abd-Al-'Aziz 'Abd-Allah |year=1973 |title=A Contribution to the Biography of Shaikh Muhammad Ibn 'Abd-Al-Karim Ibn Muhammad ('Umar-A 'Mar) Al-Maghili, Al-Tilimsani |journal= The Journal of African History|volume= 14|issue=3 |pages=381–394 |id= |doi= 10.1017/S0021853700012780 |jstor=180537}} 7. ^1 {{Cite encyclopedia|year=1986|title=al- Mag̲h̲īlī|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=Brill Publishers|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/al-maghili-SIM_4763|last=Hunwick|first=J.O.|date=|authorlink=John Hunwick|edition=2nd|volume=V|isbn=9004078193|editor1-link=Peri Bearman|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth|editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs|editor1-last=Bearman|editor1-first=P.|editor2-last=Bianquis|editor2-first=Th.|editor3-last=Bosworth|editor3-first=C.E.|editor4-last=van Donzel|editor4-first=E.|editor5-last=Heinrichs|editor5-first=W.P.}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFJNBAAAQBAJ|title=A History of Islamic Societies|last=Lapidus|first=Ira M.|date=|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780521514309|edition=3rd|location=|pages=467|language=en}} 11 : 15th-century births|1505 deaths|15th-century Berber people|16th-century Berber people|Algerian Muslims|Berber Muslims|Berber scholars|15th-century Muslim scholars of Islam|Jews and Judaism in Algeria|Muslims with branch missing|People from Tlemcen |
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