| 词条 | Abu Qir |
| 释义 |
| name = Abu Qir | native_name = ابو قير | other_name = | settlement_type ={{Photomontage | photo2a = AbuQir10RamadanMosque.jpg | photo2b = AbuQirSoldier.jpg | photo3a = | photo3b = AbuQirBeach.jpg | size = 240 | spacing = 2 | color = transparent | border = 0 | text = Top left: 10th of Ramadan Mosque Top right: memorial statue of a muslim warrior Bottom: beach at the north of the town | text_background = #FFDEAD }} | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Egypt | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Egypt | coordinates = {{coord|31|19|N|30|04|E|region:EG|display=inline}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}} | subdivision_type1 = Governorate | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name1 = Alexandria Governorate | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | population_total = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | website = | footnotes = | | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | blank_name = | blank_info = | blank1_name = | blank1_info = }} Abu Qir ({{lang-arz|ابو قير}}, Abu Qīr, {{IPA-arz|æbuˈ|}} or [æbo-ʔiːɾ], {{Lang-cop|ⲁⲡⲁⲕⲩⲣⲓ}} {{transl|cop|Apakyri}}), formerly also spelled Abukir or Aboukir,{{sfnp|EB|1911b}} is a town on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, near the ruins of ancient Canopus and {{convert|23|km|mi|sp=us|0}} northeast of Alexandria by rail. It is located on Abu Qir Peninsula, with Abu Qir Bay to the east. {{anchor|Etymology|Toponymy}}NameThe town's present name is Arabic for "Father Cyrus", an Egyptian Christian martyr.{{sfnp|EB|1911b}} History{{hatnote|Main article: Canopus and Battle of the Nile}}Near the village are many remains of ancient buildings, Egyptian, Greek and Roman. About {{convert|3|km|sp=us|0}} southeast of the village are the ruins of Canopus. A little farther east, the now-dry Canopic branch of the Nile entered the Mediterranean.{{sfnp|EB|1911a}} Stretching eastward as far as the Rosetta mouth of the Nile is the spacious Abu Qir Bay (Khalīj Abū Qīr), where on 1 August 1798, Horatio Nelson fought the Battle of the Nile, often referred to as the "Battle of Aboukir Bay". The latter title is applied more properly to an engagement between the French expeditionary army and the Turks under Mustapha Pasha fought on 25 July the following year; see Battle of Abukir of 1799.[2] Later in the war, on 8 March 1801 at the beginning of the Battle of Alexandria, units of the British army commanded by Sir Ralph Abercromby landed from their transports near the town, and faced strenuous opposition from General Louis Friant's French forces entrenched on the beach.[3] The battle continued on down the peninsula toward Alexandria and didn't end until 22 March.[3] The town contains a castle that was used as a state prison by Muhammad Ali in the early 19th century.{{sfnp|EB|1911a}} The prison was known as Liman Abu Qir.[4] In 2000, an Italian archaeological team discovered the remains of British officers, sailors, marines, women, and children on Nelson's Island, which lies in the bay.[5][6] ClimateKöppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh), but it lies at the northern coast of Egypt, moderating its temperatures. Due to its proximity to Alexandria, it has a very similar climate. The wettest places in Egypt are Rafah, Alexandria, Abu Qir, Rosetta, Baltim, Kafr El Dawwar, Mersa Matruh. {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |location=Abu Qir |Jan high C=17.8 |Feb high C=18.4 |Mar high C=20.6 |Apr high C=23.5 |May high C=26.6 |Jun high C=29 |Jul high C=29.7 |Aug high C=30.6 |Sep high C=29.7 |Oct high C=28.2 |Nov high C=24.5 |Dec high C=20.1 |Jan mean C=13.7 |Feb mean C=14.3 |Mar mean C=16 |Apr mean C=18.5 |May mean C=21.6 |Jun mean C=24.6 |Jul mean C=25.9 |Aug mean C=26.5 |Sep mean C=25.5 |Oct mean C=23.5 |Nov mean C=20 |Dec mean C=15.9 |Jan low C=9.7 |Feb low C=10.2 |Mar low C=11.4 |Apr low C=13.6 |May low C=16.7 |Jun low C=20.3 |Jul low C=22.1 |Aug low C=22.5 |Sep low C=21.4 |Oct low C=18.9 |Nov low C=15.6 |Dec low C=11.7 |Jan precipitation mm=52 |Feb precipitation mm=31 |Mar precipitation mm=9 |Apr precipitation mm=2 |May precipitation mm=2 |Jun precipitation mm=0 |Jul precipitation mm=0 |Aug precipitation mm=0 |Sep precipitation mm=0 |Oct precipitation mm=7 |Nov precipitation mm=28 |Dec precipitation mm=52 |source 1 = Climate-Data.org[7] }} See also
Notes1. ^ 2. ^{{Cite book|last=Connelly |first=Owen |year=2006 |title=Blundering to Glory: Napoleon's Military Campaigns |edition=third |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |pages=55–56 |isbn=978-0-7425-5317-0 }} 3. ^1 {{Cite encyclopedia|title=Aboukir / Abukir |last=Farwell |first=Byron |year=2001 |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Land Warfare: An Illustrated World View |location=New York |publisher=W. W. Norton |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=m-XpP_pdANcC&pg=PA3 3] |isbn=978-0-393-04770-7 }} 4. ^{{Cite book|last=Fahmy |first=Khaled |year=2004 |chapter=Chapter 15: Towards a Social History of Modern Alexandria |editor-last1=Hirst |editor-first1=Anthony |editor-last2=Silk |editor-first2=Michael |title=Alexandria, Real and Imagined |location=Aldershot, England |publisher=Ashgate |pages=281–306, page 285 |url=https://www.academia.edu/30316699/_Towards_a_social_history_of_modern_Alexandria_in_Alexandria_Real_and_Imagined_ed._Anthony_Hirst_and_Michael_Silk._London_Ashgate_2004_pp._281-306 |subscription=yes |isbn=978-0-7546-3890-2 }} 5. ^{{Cite news|last=Slope |first=Nick |date=17 February 2011 |title=Women in Nelson's Navy: Burials on Nelson's Island |newspaper=BBC News |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/women_nelson_navy_01.shtml#five }} 6. ^{{Cite news|title=Reburial for Nelson's comrades |date=18 April 2005 |newspaper=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4455033.stm }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Climate: Abu Qir - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/32439/|publisher=Climate-Data.org|accessdate=17 August 2013}} References
External links
}}{{Authority control}} 1 : Populated places in Alexandria Governorate |
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