| 词条 | Abu Taher |
| 释义 |
| name = Abu Taher | image = Abu Taher.jpg | imagesize = 100px | caption = Abu Taher | birth_date = {{birth date|1938|11|14|df=yes}} | birth_place = Badarpur, Sylhet, Assam, British India | death_date = {{death date and age|1976|7|21|1938|11|14|df=yes}} | death_place = Dhaka, Bangladesh | nationality = Bangladeshi | spouse = | children = | alma_mater = Murari Chand College | profession = Military officer | party = Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal | allegiance = {{flag|Bangladesh}} {{flag|Pakistan}} (before 1971) | branch = {{army|Pakistan}} {{nowrap| Bangladesh Army}} | serviceyears = 1962–1971 (Pakistan) 1971-1972(Bangladesh) | rank = Lieutenant Colonel | awards = Bir Uttom[1][2] Maroon Parachute Award }}Abu Taher ({{lang-bn|আবু তাহের}}) (14 November 1938 – 21 July 1976) was a Bangladeshi military serviceman, decorated war hero, political activist and leader of the left wing Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal.[1] He was responsible for the November 6th uprising which caused severe disruption in discipline and chaos within the rank and structure of the military inside Dhaka Cantonment.[2][3] After Ziaur Rahman was reinstated as army chief, he was found guilty of high treason and murder and executed.[6] In 2011, a Bangladeshi court declared the execution illegal.[7][8] Early life and educationAbu Taher was born in Badarpur, Assam Province of British India on 14 November 1938.[4] His ancestral village was Kazla in Purbadhala, Netrokona District of Bangladesh. After completion of higher secondary school from Murari Chand College in Sylhet, Taher joined the Pakistani Army in September 1960 as an officer candidate.[2] He was married to Lutfa Taher.[5] Military careerTaher received his Commission in 1962 as a second lieutenant in the Pakistan Army. He joined the elite Pakistan Special Services Group (Commando Force) in 1965.[4] Following his training, he participated in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 in the Sialkot sector of Kashmir. For his part, he received a war participation medal from the Pakistan Army. After the war, Taher took officers pre qualification course on guerrilla warfare at Fort Benning in the United States in 1969. He was posted to the Quetta Staff College, Pakistan in 1970.[6] Bangladesh Liberation War{{see also|Bangladesh Liberation War}}Towards the end of August 1971 Taher, along with three other Bengali officers: Maj. Abul Manzoor, Capt. Dalim and Capt. Ziauddin defected from the Pakistani Army and crossed over the border near Abbottabad, West Pakistan, into India.[6] After two weeks under Indian intelligence screening and debriefing, he was sent to Bangladeshi Armed Forces (BDF) HQ at 8 Theatre Road, Calcutta. He was promoted to Major and posted to Sector 11. Major Zia appointed Taher as Sub-Sector Commander No. 2 at Mahendraganj.[7] Sector 11 was located across the Rangpur District, which comprised Mymensingh District, Tangail District and parts of the Rangpur District. On 2 November 1971, Taher lost his leg from a mine blast during a debriefing.[8] Squadron Leader M. Hamidullah Khan was officially appointed Sector Commander of Sector 11 under direct orders through EAM from Colonel Osmani, Bangladesh Interim Provincial Government Headquarters. Taher was flown to Pune, India. On 21 November Taher received a Medical Board Release. His leg was later amputated there, where he remained until February 1972. For his valour, he was awarded Bir Uttom.Post-war activitiesFollowing his return, Taher was reinstated into the Bangladesh Army in April due to the severe shortage of personnel, as many remained stranded in Pakistan, where most were interned as prisoners of war. He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and was temporarily appointed CO in Comilla of Bangladesh Army regiment. In June 1972 he went on LPR(leave per retirement).[6] Jatiyo Samajtantrik DalDue to his left-leaning communist ideas of organizing the Bangladesh Army along the lines of the People's Liberation Army, he resigned from the army to form the Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal,[9] with The Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal had split from the Bangladesh Chhatra League, the student wing of the Bangladesh Awami League and called for establishing socialism through an armed revolution. Taher became the head of its armed wing, the Gonobahini led a violent insurgency campaign against the government of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.[10] 7 November coupAbu Taher welcomed the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on 15 August 1975, remarking They've made a big mistake. They shouldn't have allowed Sheikh Mujib's burial. Now a shrine will be built there. His body should have been thrown into the Bay of Bengal.[6][11] Taher quickly took advantage of the chaos following the assassination, exacerbating dissent among ranking non-commissioned officers and regular soldiers.[9] Taher incited and organized an uprising of the soldiers on 7 November 1975. Together with Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal leader Hasanul Haq Inu, soldiers loyal tried to takeover Bangladesh Radio and also to remove Ziaur Rahman from cantonment, in order to facilitate a Marxist takeover of power.[12] Some revenge killings took place of a number of military officers and their wives due to incidents dating back to injustices that occurred during the independence war in 1971.[3] Acts of treason and clear serious breach of military discipline and morale followed.[6] As chief of Staff, Major General Ziaur Rahman, worked to bring down the acts of treason and mutiny, after his release.[13] Trial and executionOnce Ziaur Rahman retook charge of the army, he realized that the disorder set off by the soldiers' mutiny on the inspiration of Taher had to be suppressed firmly if discipline was to be restored.[13] On 24 November 1975, he ordered Taher be arrested on charges of high treason and murder.[14] Taher was tried by a military tribunal inside the Dhaka Central Jail and sentenced to death on 17 July 1976. He was executed by hanging on 21 July 1976.[15] The trial was later considered flawed.[15][16] High Court rulingOn 22 March 2011 the High Court overturned the previous judgement that authorised Taher's execution by a military tribunal while the nation was under martial law. The military court judgement was declared illegal.[17] The court observed Taher's execution had happened according to Major General Zia's plan.[18] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Habib|first1=Haroon|title=Two epoch-making verdicts|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/two-epochmaking-verdicts/article623525.ece|website=thehindu.com|publisher=The Hindu|accessdate=19 June 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web|last1=Staff Correspondent|title=Zia revived Razakars: Inu|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2013/07/20/zia-revived-razakars-inu|website=bdnews24.com|publisher=bdnews24.com|accessdate=19 June 2015}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Newton|first1=Michael|title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=United States of America|isbn=9781610692861|page=455}} 4. ^1 {{cite news |title=Two Giants |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/two-giants/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2013 |accessdate=19 June 2015}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/35784/nerakona-lutfa-taher-mp-spouse-of-sector-commander-late-col-abu-taher-and-jsd-inu-central-leader-mukllesur-rahman-muktadir-addressing-the-biennial-confeence-of-jsd-inu-netrakona-disrict-unit-at-local-public-hall-yesterday.html|title=Nerakona: Lutfa Taher MP, spouse of sector commander late Col Abu Taher and JSD (Inu) central leader Mukllesur Rahman Muktadir addressing the biennial confeence of JSD (Inu), Netrakona disrict unit at local public hall yesterday.|last=Nation|first=The New|work=The New Nation|access-date=2017-11-21|language=en}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |last=Hossain |first=Md Anwar |year=2012 |chapter=Taher, Lieutenant Colonel Abu |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Taher,_Colonel_Abu |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh}} 7. ^{{cite news |title=Taher execution an outright murder: HC |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/col-taher-execution-an-absolute-killing-hc/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 May 2013 |accessdate=20 June 2015}} 8. ^{{cite news |title=Kamalpur, Phulbari tasted freedom on this day in '71 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/kamalpur-phulbari-tasted-freedom-on-this-day-in-71-53244 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=8 March 2015 |accessdate=19 June 2015}} 9. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3 |title=History of Jatiya Samajtantric Dal |publisher=Dhaka Informatix |accessdate=2 December 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726211400/http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3 |archivedate=26 July 2011}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Hossain|first1=Kazi Mobarak|title=Hasanul Haq Inu’s JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary|accessdate=11 July 2016|agency=Dhaka Tribune|issue=2|publisher=Dhaka Tribune|date=13 March 2016}} 11. ^{{cite news |title=Who Said What After August 1 5|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/who-said-what-after-august-15-37449 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2014 |accessdate=16 July 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |date=8 November 2010 |title=What really happened in 1975? |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2010/11/08/what-really-happened-in-1975/ |newspaper=bdnews24.com |accessdate=11 July 2016}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news |last=Ahsan |first=Syed Badrul |date=7 July 2015 |title=Bourgeois dreams of socialist revolution |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/07/98425.php |newspaper=The Daily Observer |accessdate=16 July 2016}} 14. ^{{cite news |last=Hossain |first=Kazi Mobarak |date=13 March 2016 |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |newspaper=bdnews24.com |accessdate=11 July 2016}} 15. ^1 {{cite news |last=Manik |first=Julfikar Ali |date=25 August 2010 |title=5th amendment verdict paves way for justice |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=152188 |newspaper=The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|accessdate=19 June 2015}} 16. ^{{cite book |last=Katsiaficas |first=George |date=2013 |title=Asia's unknown uprisings |location=Oakland, Calif. |publisher=PM |page=270 |isbn=978-1-60486-488-5}} 17. ^1 "HC declares Taher trial illegal" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930084753/http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 |date=30 September 2011 }} bdnews24.com 18. ^1 {{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |accessdate=19 June 2015}} External links
16 : 1938 births|1976 deaths|Bangladeshi military personnel|Bangladesh Army colonels|Executed activists|Bangladesh Liberation War|People from Netrokona District|People executed for treason against Bangladesh|Executed Bangladeshi people|20th-century executions for treason|Recipients of the Bir Uttom|People executed by Bangladesh by hanging|Bangladesh Army officers|Mukti Bahini personnel|Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal politicians|Murari Chand College alumni |
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