| 词条 | Douglas F5D Skylancer | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Douglas F5D Skylancer is a development of the F4D Skyray jet fighter for the United States Navy. Starting out as the F4D-2N, an all-weather version of the Skyray, the design was soon modified to take full advantage of the extra thrust of the Pratt & Whitney J57 eventually fitted to the Skyray instead of the Westinghouse J40 originally planned. Design and developmentSoon the design became too different from the Skyray to be considered just a variation of it, and the aircraft was assigned a new designation as the F5D Skylancer. Almost every part of the airframe was modified, though the basic form remained the same as did the wing shape, though it became much thinner. The wing skinning was reinforced, correcting a problem found in the F4D. The fuselage was 8 ft (2.4 m) longer and area ruled to reduce transonic drag, being thinner in the region of the wing roots. Everything was shaped to reduce drag and increase stability at high speed. Although the four 20 mm (.79 in) cannon in the wing roots were retained, primary armament was to be missiles or rockets; four AIM-9 Sidewinders or two AIM-7 Sparrows, and/or a battery of spin-stabilized unguided 2 in (51 mm) rockets. Nine test airframes were ordered, with a 51-aircraft production order to follow. Production aircraft were to be powered by the more powerful J57-P-14 engine, while there were plans to use the even more powerful General Electric J79.{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} Operational historyThe first flight was on 21 April 1956 and was supersonic; the aircraft proved easy to handle and performed well. After four aircraft had been constructed, however, the Navy cancelled its order. The stated reason was that the aircraft was too similar to the already-ordered Vought F8U Crusader, but it is believed by some historians that politics played as big a part; Douglas was already building a very large proportion of the Navy's planes, and giving them the F5D contract would have made it even closer to monopoly.[1] The project test pilot was Lt. Cmdr Alan B. Shepard Jr. whose report stated that it was not needed by the Navy. NASA useThe four aircraft continued to fly in various military test programs. Two were grounded in 1961, but the other two: F5D-1 (Bu. No. 139208) NASA 212, later becoming NASA 708 and F5D-1 (Bu. No. 142350) NASA 213, later becoming NASA 802 continued to fly. Transferred to NASA in the early 1960s, one was used as a testbed for the American supersonic transport program, fitted with an ogival wing platform (the type eventually used on Concorde; data from the program was shared with the European designers). This aircraft was retired in 1968. NASA 802 was used for simulation of abort procedures for the X-20 Dyna-Soar, because it had a very similar shape and handling characteristics. Following the DynaSoar cancellation, it was used as a chase plane and for various other programs until it was retired in 1970.[2] Surviving aircraft
Specifications (F5D){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=jet |ref=The American Fighter [7] |crew=1 |length main=53 ft 9¾ in |length alt=16.40 m |span main=33 ft 6 in |span alt=10.21 m |height main=14 ft 10 in |height alt=4.52 m |area main=557 ft² |area alt=51.7 m² |empty weight main=17,444 lb |empty weight alt=7,912 kg |loaded weight main=24,445 lb |loaded weight alt=11,088 kg |max takeoff weight main=28,072 lb |max takeoff weight alt=12,733 kg |engine (jet)=Pratt & Whitney J57-P-8 |type of jet=turbojet |number of jets=1 |thrust main=10,200 lbf |thrust alt=45 kN |afterburning thrust main=16,000 lbf |afterburning thrust alt=71 kN |max speed main=990 mph |max speed alt=860 kn, 1,590 km/h, Mach 1.48 |range main=1,335 mi |range alt=1,160 nmi, 2,148 km |ceiling main=57,500 ft |ceiling alt=17,500 m |climb rate main=20,730 ft/min |climb rate alt=105.3 m/s |loading main=43.9 lb/ft² |loading alt=214 kg/m² |thrust/weight=0.65 |avionics=
|guns=4 × 20 mm (0.79 in) cannon |missiles=
|rockets=72 × 2 in (51 mm) rockets }} See also{{aircontent|related=
|similar aircraft=
|lists=
|see also= }} ReferencesNotes1. ^Gunston 1981, p. 73. 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/Gallery/Photo/F-5D/HTML/index.html |title=F5D-1 Skylancer |publisher=Dryden Flight Research Center |accessdate=June 13, 2010}} 3. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.argusobserver.com/news/air-faire-fun/article_a9b0308f-ae52-5a26-99e8-03c0a4eeb05a.html |title=Air Faire fun |work=Argus Observer |location=Ontario, OR |first=Katie |last=Pizza |date=September 11, 2008 |accessdate=September 13, 2010}} 4. ^{{Cite web |url=http://ontarioairfaire.org/Merle_s_Warbirds.php |title=Merle Maine's Warbirds |publisher=Ontario Air Faire |year=2010 |accessdate=September 13, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727144542/http://ontarioairfaire.org/Merle_s_Warbirds.php |archivedate=July 27, 2011}} 5. ^http://www.armstrongmuseum.org/what-see 6. ^{{cite news|title=F5D Skylancer at Armstrong Air & Space Museum to be restored|url=http://www.delphosherald.com/Content/News/News/Article/F5D-Skylancer-at-Armstrong-Air-Space-Museum-to-be-restored/191/1183/204213|accessdate=3 November 2017|work=Delphos Herald|publisher=DHI Media, Inc.|date=10 September 2017}} 7. ^Angelluci 1987, p. 191. Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{Commons category|Douglas F5D Skylancer}}
8 : Douglas aircraft|United States fighter aircraft 1950–1959|Single-engined jet aircraft|Tailless delta-wing aircraft|Carrier-based aircraft|NASA aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1956 |
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