| 词条 | Gaziantep | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|settlement_type=Metropolitan municipality |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{TUR}} |timezone = FET |utc_offset = +3 |map_caption =Location of Gaziantep within Turkey. |official_name = Gaziantep |image_skyline =Gaziantep city.jpg |image_caption = Clockwise from top left: Gaziantep zoo; a view of the city center; Kamil Ocak Stadium; Uğur Plaza Hotel. |imagesize = 255px |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |pushpin_map = Turkey |pushpin_mapsize =260px |subdivision_type1=Region| |subdivision_name1 = Southeastern Anatolia |subdivision_type2=Province| |subdivision_name2 = Gaziantep |population_total = 1,556,381 (estimate, last Census [2000CE] = 603,434) |population_ref = [1] |population_metro = |population_as_of = 2014 |population_density_km2 = 212 |area_total_km2 = 7.642 |elevation_m = |coordinates = {{coord|37|04|N|37|23|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type=Postal code| |postal_code = 27x xx |blank_info = 27|blank_name=Licence plate| |area_code = 342 & 343 | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Fatma Şahin (AKP) |website = www.gaziantep.gov.tr }} Gaziantep ({{IPA-tr|ɡaːˈziantep}}), previously and still informally called Antep ({{IPA-tr|anˈtep|pron}}; (عين تاب) in Ottoman Turkish; ‘Aīntāb (عينتاب) in Arabic), is the capital of Gaziantep Province, in the western part of Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Region, some {{convert|185|km|mi}} east of Adana and {{convert|97|km|mi}} north of Aleppo, Syria. It is probably located on the site of ancient Antiochia ad Taurum, and is near ancient Zeugma. The city has two urban districts under its administration, Şahinbey and Şehitkamil. It is the sixth-most populous city in Turkey and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. NameGaziantep was formerly called Antep or Aīntāb (عين تاب) in Ottoman Turkish, ‘Aīntāb (عينتاب) in Arabic. There are several theories for the origin of the name:{{citation needed|date=June 2015}}
The Crusaders called the city and its castle "Hantab", "Hamtab", and "Hatab".[3][4] In February 1921, the Turkish parliament honored the city as غازى عينتاب Ghazi Aīntāb or "Antep the war hero" to commemorate its resistance to the French Siege of Aintab during the Franco-Turkish War, part of the Turkish War of Independence, and that name was officially adopted in 1928 as Gaziantep.[5] HistoryEarly historyThere are traces of settlement going back to the 4th millennium BC.[7] The archaeological site of Tell Tülük, which gives its name to the Neolithic Dulicien culture, is situated a few kilometers to the north of the city center. Gaziantep is the probable site of the Hellenistic city of Antiochia ad Taurum[8] ("Antiochia in the Taurus Mountains"). In the center of the city stands the Gaziantep Fortress and the Ravanda citadel, which were restored by the Byzantines in the 6th century. Medieval historyFollowing the Muslim conquest of the Levant, the city passed to the Umayyads in 661 AD and the Abbasids in 750. It was ravaged several times during the Arab–Byzantine wars. After the disintegration of the Abbasid dynasty, the city was ruled successively by the Tulunids, the Ikhshidids and the Hamdanids. In 962, it was recaptured by the Byzantines.[9] The Anatolian Seljuks took Aintab in 1067. They gave way to the Syrian Seljuks in 1086. Tutush I appointed Thoros of Edessa as governor of the region. It was captured by the Crusaders and united to the Maras Seigneurship in the County of Edessa in 1098. It reverted to the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm in 1150, was controlled by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia between 1155–1157 and 1204–1206 and captured by the Zengids in 1172 and the Ayyubids in 1181. It was retaken by the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm in 1218. It was ruled by the Ilkhanate between 1260–1261, 1271–1272, 1280–1281 and 1299–1317 and by the Mamluks between 1261–1271, 1272–1280, 1281–1299, 1317–1341, 1353–1378, 1381–1389 and 1395–1516. It was also governed by the Dulkadirids, which was a Turkish vassal state of the Mamluks. Ottoman periodThe Ottoman Empire captured Gaziantep after the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516, under the reign of Sultan Selim I. In the Ottoman period, Aintab was a sanjak centered initially in the Dulkadir Eyalet (1516–1818), and later in the Aleppo vilayet (1908–1918). It was also a kaza in the Aleppo vilayet (1818–1908). The city established itself as a centre for commerce due to its location straddling trade routes. The 17th century Turkish traveler Evliya Celebi noted that there were 3,900 shops and two bedesten. By the end of the 19th century, Aintab had a population of about 45,000, two thirds of which was Muslim—largely Turkish, but also Arabs and Kurdish. Of the Christians, there was a large Armenian community. In the 19th century, there was considerable American Protestant Christian missionary activity in Aintab.[10][11] In particular, Central Turkey College was founded in 1874 by the American Mission Board and largely served the Armenian community. The Armenians were systemically slaughtered during the Hamidian massacres in 1895 and later the Armenian Genocide in 1915.[12][13][14] Consequently, the Central Turkey College was transferred to Aleppo in 1916. PoliticsGaziantep is traditionally said to reflect in advance the rising political trends in Turkey, according preference to ANAP in 1984, DYP in 1989, Necmettin Erbakan's (then named as) Welfare Party in 1994, and AKP in 2004 local elections. One exception was in 1999 when, boosted by the successful image of Gaziantep city mayor Celal Doğan, CHP came first with 17.02% of the votes for the Provincial General Assembly (with four parties scoring over 15%), and the rightist MHP's rise at that time (campaigning on Turkish-identity consciousness arguments) still being reflected by its second position after CHP for the province. DEHAP, campaigning on Kurdish-identity consciousness arguments, after having touched a modest 5% ceiling in 1999, seems to have ebbed down, its score under SHP's cover in 2004 local elections remaining at a still more modest 1.81% (with MHP at 5.36%). In any case, in 2004, AKP obtained 55.11% and CHP 21.57%, and all other parties below 6% at the Provincial General Assembly elections. Prime Minister Erdoğan is known to have deemed the local elections in Gaziantep as particularly important and to have mobilized considerable governmental weight beforehand. The current Mayor of Gaziantep is Fatma Şahin, who had previously served as the Minister of Family and Social Policies in the third cabinet of Erdoğan. Mayors
EconomyGaziantep is famous for its regional specialities: Copperware and "Yemeni" sandals, specific to the region, are two examples. The city is an economic center for Southeastern and Eastern Turkey. The number of large industrial businesses established in Gaziantep comprise four percent of Turkish industry in general, while small industries comprise six percent. Also, Gaziantep has the largest organized industrial area in Turkey and holds first position in exports and imports.[15] The city is centre of the Green olive oil-based Nizip Soap industry. Traditionally, commerce in Gaziantep was centre in covered markets known as 'Bedesten' or 'Hans', the best known of which are the Zincirli Bedesten, Hüseyin Pasha Bedesten and Kemikli Bedesten. Gaziantep also has a developing tourist industry. Development around the base of the castle upgrades the beauty and accessibility to the castle and to the surrounding copper workshops. New restaurants and tourist-friendly businesses are moving into the area. In comparison with some other regions of Turkey, tourists are still a novelty in Gaziantep and the locals make them very welcome. Many students studying the English language are willing to be guides for tourists. Gaziantep is one of the leading producers of machined carpets in the world. It exported approximately US$700 million of machine-made carpets in 2006. There are over 100 carpet facilities in the Gaziantep Organized Industrial Zone. With its extensive olive groves, vineyards, and pistachio orchards, Gaziantep is one of the important agricultural and industrial centres of Turkey. Gaziantep is the center of pistachio cultivation in Turkey, producing {{convert|60,000|MT|LT ST}} in 2007, and lends its name to the Turkish word for pistachio, Antep fıstığı, meaning "Antep nut". In 2009, the largest enclosed shopping center in the city and region, Sanko Park, opened, and began drawing a significant number of shoppers from Syria.[16] Places of interestMuseums in GaziantepThe Gaziantep Museum of Archaeology has collections of ceramic pieces from the Neolithic Age; various objects, figures and seals from the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages; stone and bronze objects, jewellery, ceramics, coins, glass objects, mosaics and statues from the Hittite, Urartu,Greek Persian, Roman, Commagene, and Byzantine periods. The Zeugma Mosaic Museum houses mosaics from Zeugma and other mosaics, a total of {{Convert|1700|m2|}}. [17]{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} It opened to the public on 9 September 2011.[18] The Hasan Süzer Ethnography Museum, a restored late-Ottoman stone building, has the old life style decoration and collections of various weapons, documents, instruments used in the defense of the city as well as the photographs of local resistance heroes. It was originally built in 1906 as the home of Garouj Karamanoukian. Some of the other historical remains are the Zeugma (called also Belkıs in Turkish), and Kargamış ruins by the town of Nizip and slightly more to the north, Rumkale. Yesemek Open-Air Museum is located in the village known by the same name, {{convert|30|km|0|abbr=on}} south of the town of Islahiye. It is the largest open-air sculpture workshop in the Near East and the ruins in the area date back to Hittites. The Gaziantep Defence Museum: Before you enter the Panorama Museum located within the Gaziantep Castle, you encounter the statues of three local heroes Molla Mehmet Karayılan, Şehit Mehmet Kâmil and Şahin Bey at the entrance. As you enter the museum, you hear the echoes: "I am from Antep. I am a hawk (Şahin)." The Gaziantep War Museum, in a historic Antep house (also known as the Nakıpoğlu House) is dedicated to the memory of the 6,317 who died defending the city, becoming symbols of Turkey's national unity and resolve for maintaining independence. The story of how the Battle of Antep is narrated with audio devices and chronological panels. Gaziantep Mevlevi Lodge Foundation MuseumThe dervish lodge is part of the mosque's külliye (Islamic-Ottoman social complex centered around a mosque). It was built in the 17th century. The Mevlevi Lodge Monastery is entered via a courtyard which opens off the courtyard of the mosque. Emine Göğüş Cuisine MuseumGaziantep is known for its cuisine and food culture. A historical stone house built in 1904 has been restored and turned into the Emine Göğüş Cuisine Museum. The museum opened as part of the celebrations for the 87th anniversary of Gaziantep's liberation from French occupation. Gaziantep Historical PlacesZeugma is an ancient city which was established at the shallowest passable part of the river Euphrates, within the boundaries of the present-day Belkıs village in Gaziantep Province. Due to the strategic character of the region in terms of military and commerce since antiquity (Zeugma was the headquarters of an important Roman legion, the Legio IV Scythica, near the border with Parthia) the city has maintained its importance for centuries, also during the Byzantine period. Gaziantep CitadelGaziantep Citadel, also known as the Kale, located in the centre of the city displays the historic past and architectural style of the city. Although the history of castle is incomplete, as a result of the excavations conducted there, Bronze Age settlement layers are thought to exist under the section existing on the surface of the soil. Armenian Church The former Holy Mother of God (Surp Asdvadzadzin) Cathedral converted into the Liberation mosque after the Armenian Genocide. Boyacı Mosque A historic Mosque in Şahinbey built by Kadı Kemalettin in 1211 and completed in 1357. It has one of the world's oldest wooden minbars which elaborately adorned with Koranic verses, stars and geometric patterns. Its minaret is considered one of the symbols of the city. Şirvani Mosque (Şirvani Mehmet Efendi Mosque), also called 'İki Şerefeli Cami' - One of the oldest Mosques of Gaziantep located in Seferpaşa. It was built by Şirvani Mehmet Efendi. Ömeriye Mosque A mosque in Dügmeci. Tradition states that it was first built during the period of the Muslim Caliphate under the second Caliph Umar (hence its name), which would make it the oldest known mosque in Gaziantep. The modern mosque was restored at the site in 1850. It is known for its black and red marble mihrab. Şeyh Fethullah Mosque A historic mosque built in 1563 and located in Kepenek. It has adjoining Turkish baths and a medrese. Nuri Mehmet Pasha Mosque Mosque in Çukur built in 1786 by nobleman Nuri Mehmet Pasha. Between 1958 and 1968, it was changed into museum but was reinstated as a mosque after an extensive restoration. Ahmet Çelebi Mosque Mosque in Ulucanlar that was built by Hacı Osman, in 1672. It is noted for its elaborate wooden interior. Tahtali Mosque Wodden Mosque located in Fiekeroglu, that was built in 1557. The mosque has a unique red marble mihrab. Alaüddevle Mosque (Ali Dola Mosque) built by Dulkadir bey Alaüddevle Bozkurt. Construction started in 1479 and it was completed in 1515. It has been restored recently with the addition of new entrance. Ali Nacar Mosque Mosque in Yaprak ŞehitKamil one of the biggest Mosques in Gaziantep originally built by Ali Nacar. It was enlarged in 1816. Eyüpoğlu Mosque Mosque built by the local Islamic saint Eyüboğlu Ahmet during the 14th century. There has been a major restoration, so much so that the present structure hardly resembles the original building. Kendirli ChurchThe Church was built in 1860 by means of assistance of French missionaries and Napoleon the Third. It is a Catholic Armenian Church. It has a rectangular plan and was built through white cut stones on a foundation of black cut stone within a large garden. Pişirici KastelThe "kastel" (fountain) used to be part of a bigger group of buildings, and it is thought to have been built in 1282. "Kastels" are water fountains built below ground, and they are structures peculiar to Gaziantep. They are places for ablution, prayer, washing and relaxation. Old houses of Gaziantep The traditional houses of Gaziantep are located in the old city: Eyüboğlu, Türktepe, Tepebaşı, Bostancı, Kozluca, Şehreküstü and Kale. They are made of locally found keymik rock and have an inner courtyard called the 'Hayat' which the focal point of the house. Tahmis Coffee HouseThe Tahmis Coffee House was built by the Turkmen Ağa and Flag Officer, Mustafa Ağa Bin Yusuf in 1635–1638, in order to provide an income for the dervish lodge. The building suffered two big fires in 1901 and 1903. Gaziantep ZooGaziantep Zoo is one of the largest zoos in Turkey. Especially interesting are the bird pavilion and the aquarium. Gaziantep Zoo offers a large variety of animals, attractive picnic grounds, and a cafeteria. The facility is established on {{Convert|1000000|m2||adj=mid}} field. There are 264 species and 6,814 animals. Gaziantep Historical BazaarsZincirli Bedesten is the Ottoman-era covered bazaar of Gaziantep and was built in 1781 by Hüseyin Pasha of Darende. From records, it is known that there was formerly an epigraph on the south gate written by Kusuri; however, this inscription is not in place today. This bazaar was used as a wholesale market hall for meat, fruit and vegetables. Bakırcılar çarşısi is the coppersmith bazaar of Gaziantep. This trade has existed in the region for over 500 years. The bazaar is part of the official culture route designed to help visitors discover traditions and culture of the city. Gaziantep Historical InnsAnatolia InnThe exact date of the inn's (caravanserai) construction is unknown, but it is estimated to have been built in the early 19th century. It is a two-storey building with two courtyards. It is said to have been built by Muhsinzade Hadji Mehmet Bey in 1892. The inn was repaired in 1985 and parts of the top floor were rebuilt. Kürkçü Inn Classic Ottoman Inn in Boyacı built in 1890. Old Wheat InnThe original building was constructed by Mustafa Ağa in 1640 to provide an income for the dervish lodge, but was completely destroyed in a fire. The exact construction date of the present building is unknown; however the architectural style suggests the 19th century. Şire InnThe building is built on rectangular plan and contains many motifs of classical Ottoman inn architecture. It was built with evenly cut stones and the pitched roof is covered by tiles. Tobacco InnThis inn has no epigraph showing the dates of construction or renovation, but according to historical data, the estimated date of construction is the late 17th century. Ownership was passed to Hüseyin Ağa, son of Nur Ali Ağa, in the early 19th century. Yüzükçü InnThe construction date of this inn is unknown. The epigraph on the main gate of the inn is dated 1800, but the building apparently had been built earlier and was repaired at this date. The first owners of the inn were Asiye, the daughter of Battal Bey and Emine Hatun, the daughter of Hadji Osman Bey. Turkish bathsThe city is home to many Turkish baths (Hamams), most of which date from the Ottoman and Dulkadir beylik period, namely the Hüseyin Pasha Baths, İki kapılı Baths, Tabak Baths, Şeyh Fethullah Baths and Şehitler Baths. Parks100. Yıl Atatürk Kültür Parkı (100th Anniversary Atatürk Culture Park) is the largest park in Gaziantep located in the centre of the city along the Alleben river which it borders for {{convert|5|km|0|abbr=on}}. CuisineFood in Gaziantep is different from the cuisine in other parts of Turkey because of the influence of Oğuz Turks, Kurds and the culinary traditions of nearby Aleppo which was an important regional administrative center of the Seljuk and Ottoman empires. The difference is noticeable in its rice dishes, soups, kebabs, köfte (meatballs), etc. The meatballs come in varieties of çiğ köfte, içli köfte, meatball with malhita (lentils), sour small meatballs, and small meatball with yoghurt. Gaziantep's food is known for being spicy compared to other Turkish cuisine; many of the local specialties as well as savory foods shared with other regions of Turkey are prepared with Aleppo pepper, a type of chili pepper, and paprika. Antep's desserts include the sweet pastry baklava, burmalı, künefe, kadayıf, etc. In 2013, Gaziantep baklava became the first Turkish product with a European protected designation of origin and geographical indication.[19] Antep is also famous for its slender type of pistachios. Its kebab varieties include the kıyma (minced meat) kebab, kuşbaşı (meat cut in goulash-type cubes) kebab, simit kebab, patlıcan (aubergine) kebab, ciğer (liver) kebab and soğan (onion) kebab. There is also lahmacun, yuvarlama (mas soup) and karışık (mixed) dolama (a preparation made of different types of vegetables, yoğurtlu patates (potato with yogurt), beyran, etc.). TransportationThe city is served by Oğuzeli Airport, which has commercial flights to domestic and regional international destinations. Since 2011, there is a tram network with currently 12 km in length. ClimateGaziantep has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Köppen climate classification) with influences of a continental climate during winter with hot, dry summers and cool, wet and occasionally snowy winters. {{Weather box|metric first= Yes |single line= Yes |location= Gaziantep (1939–2017) |Jan record high C = 19.0 |Feb record high C = 24.3 |Mar record high C = 28.1 |Apr record high C = 34.0 |May record high C = 37.8 |Jun record high C = 39.6 |Jul record high C = 44.0 |Aug record high C = 42.8 |Sep record high C = 40.8 |Oct record high C = 36.4 |Nov record high C = 27.3 |Dec record high C = 24.4 |year record high C = 44.0 |Jan high C = 7.4 |Feb high C = 9.3 |Mar high C = 13.7 |Apr high C = 19.5 |May high C = 25.4 |Jun high C = 31.1 |Jul high C = 35.0 |Aug high C = 35.1 |Sep high C = 31.0 |Oct high C = 24.1 |Nov high C = 16.1 |Dec high C = 9.6 |year high C = 21.4 |Jan mean C = 2.9 |Feb mean C = 4.3 |Mar mean C = 8.0 |Apr mean C = 13.2 |May mean C = 18.6 |Jun mean C = 24.0 |Jul mean C = 27.7 |Aug mean C = 27.4 |Sep mean C = 22.8 |Oct mean C = 16.1 |Nov mean C = 9.4 |Dec mean C = 4.8 |year mean C = 14.9 |Jan low C = -0.7 |Feb low C = 0.0 |Mar low C = 2.9 |Apr low C = 7.2 |May low C = 11.8 |Jun low C = 17.0 |Jul low C = 21.0 |Aug low C = 20.9 |Sep low C = 16.1 |Oct low C = 9.9 |Nov low C = 4.4 |Dec low C = 0.9 |year low C = 9.3 |Jan record low C = −17.5 |Feb record low C = −15.6 |Mar record low C = −11.0 |Apr record low C = -4.3 |May record low C = 0.4 |Jun record low C = 4.5 |Jul record low C = 9.0 |Aug record low C = 10.8 |Sep record low C = 3.4 |Oct record low C = -3.9 |Nov record low C = -9.7 |Dec record low C = −15.0 |year record low C = -17.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 101.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 82.3 |Mar precipitation mm = 71.8 |Apr precipitation mm = 52.6 |May precipitation mm = 30.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 6.7 |Jul precipitation mm = 2.7 |Aug precipitation mm = 1.9 |Sep precipitation mm = 5.7 |Oct precipitation mm = 36.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 62.1 |Dec precipitation mm = 95.7 |year precipitation mm = 550.1 |Jan precipitation days = 13.2 |Feb precipitation days = 11.9 |Mar precipitation days = 11.9 |Apr precipitation days = 9.9 |May precipitation days = 7.0 |Jun precipitation days = 2.0 |Jul precipitation days = 0.5 |Aug precipitation days = 0.4 |Sep precipitation days = 1.4 |Oct precipitation days = 6.0 |Nov precipitation days = 8.2 |Dec precipitation days = 11.9 |year precipitation days = 84.3 |Jan humidity = 80 |Feb humidity = 75 |Mar humidity = 70 |Apr humidity = 63 |May humidity = 54 |Jun humidity = 43 |Jul humidity = 39 |Aug humidity = 40 |Sep humidity = 46 |Oct humidity = 57 |Nov humidity = 71 |Dec humidity = 79 |year humidity = 60 |Jan sun = 114.7 |Feb sun = 127.1 |Mar sun = 173.6 |Apr sun = 213.0 |May sun = 269.7 |Jun sun = 321.0 |Jul sun = 341.0 |Aug sun = 319.3 |Sep sun = 270.0 |Oct sun = 223.2 |Nov sun = 165.0 |Dec sun = 111.6 |Jand sun = 3.7 |Febd sun = 4.5 |Mard sun = 5.6 |Aprd sun = 7.1 |Mayd sun = 8.7 |Jund sun = 10.7 |Juld sun = 11.0 |Augd sun = 10.3 |Sepd sun = 9.0 |Octd sun = 7.2 |Novd sun = 5.5 |Decd sun = 3.6 |source 1 = Turkish State Meteorological Service[20] |source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity 1926–1960)[21] }} EducationGaziantep Anatolian High School (founded in 1976) is a public school focusing on English language education. Gaziantep Science High School is a public boarding high school in Gaziantep, Turkey with a curriculum concentrating on natural sciences and mathematics, and with teaching in Turkish. There are also variety of high schools consisting of both private and public schools, including Gaziantep Fen Lisesi. Gaziantep College Foundation is one of the oldest colleges in Gaziantep. Gaziantep College Foundation's (abbv. GKV) science high school is the most successful high school in Gaziantep. Sanko College is younger but also successful school in Gaziantep. Its facility is one of the most qualified school facilities in Turkey. Sanko's newest science and technology high school is also a very good school. The main campus of Gaziantep University is located {{convert|10|km|0|abbr=on}} away from the city center. The institution acquired state university status in 1987, but had already offered higher education since 1973 as an extension campus of the Middle East Technical University. It is one of the largest universities in Turkey, boasting 27,000 students. Hasan Kalyoncu University (Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi) is a private university established in 2008. Currently, the university has five faculties, three institutes and three vocational schools.[22]Zirve University (Zirve Üniversitesi) was a private university established in 2009. As of 2016, the university had five faculties. The university was closed by the government in 2016 and its facilities transferred to Gaziantep University. The youngest university in Gaziantep is Sanko University (Sanko Üniversitesi). Established in 2013, Sanko University is the first "thematic university" in Turkey. Popular cultureGaziantep was made famous in Bulgaria and Greece by the Turkish TV series Yabancı Damat (literally The Foreign Groom), known in Bulgaria as Брак с чужденец (Marriage with a Foreigner), a love story between a Turk and a Greek. In Greece, the popular TV series is known as Τα σύνορα της Αγάπης (The Borders of Love). It is a love story between two youngsters, Nikos, a Greek boy, son of a wealthy Athenian ship owner; and Nazlı, daughter of a Gaziantep baklava maker. Due to the historic rivalry and hatred between the Greeks and Turks, a love affair between these two youngsters is received badly by both families. The dislike between the two families increases as the episodes pass, with the Turkish family being more strict towards their daughter. The main culprits, however, are the two grandparents (Nikos' grandmother and Nazlı's grandfather), who reach extreme points in order to stop the youngsters' wedding. The TV series was launched in 2004 and was later also shown in Serbia, Croatia and other Balkan countries. Sports
Beslenspor has played in the Turkish Basketball League between 1986 and 1992 and presented Gaziantep at basketball once. International relations{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey}}{{Refimprove section|date=August 2015}}Twin towns—Sister citiesGaziantep is twinned with:
Notable people from Gaziantep
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Turkey: Major cities and provinces|url=http://citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html |publisher=citypopulation.de|accessdate=2015-02-08}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=Diana Darke|title=Eastern Turkey|date=1 May 2014|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-490-7|pages=214–}} 3. ^Gēorg A. Sarafean, Kevork Avedis Sarafian, A briefer history of Aintab: a concise history of the cultural, religious, educational, political, industrial and commercial life of the Armenians of Aintab, Union of the Armenians of Aintab, 1957, p. 1. 4. ^ibn al-Qalanisi, H.A.R. Gibb, editor and translator, The Damascus chronicle of the Crusades, London 1932, [https://books.google.com/books?id=5ds1vuFg8j0C&pg=PA367 p. 367]. 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gaziantep.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=114&Itemid=144 |title=Gaziantep Valilik |publisher=Gaziantep.gov.tr |date= |accessdate=2012-10-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022012849/http://www.gaziantep.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=114&Itemid=144 |archivedate=2012-10-22 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=463915&partId=1&place=791&plaA=791-3-2&page=1|title=religious/ritual equipment / mask / helmet|website=British Museum}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://lexicorient.com/e.o/gaziantp.htm|title=Gaziantep - LookLex Encyclopaedia|first=Tore|last=Kjeilen|website=lexicorient.com}} 8. ^{{cite journal |last1=Anna Teresa Serventi |title=Una statuetta hiittita |journal=Rivista Degli Studi Orientali |date=1957 |volume=32 |pages=241–246 |language=Italian |quote=Aintab, Gazi Antep in Turkish, about 80 km north-northeast from Aleppo and about forty km from the Syrian-Turkish border, is commonly held to be the site of Antiochia ad Taurum|jstor=41922836 }} 9. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=BqCdfhW3nVwC&pg=PA225&lpg=PA225&dq=962+gaziantep+byzantines#v=onepage&q=962+gaziantep+byzantines&f=false|title=The Rise of the Fatimids: The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra, Tenth Century Ce|first=Michael|last=Brett|date=19 July 2018|publisher=BRILL|via=Google Books|isbn=978-9004117419}} 10. ^American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, The Missionary Herald, January 1900, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2c0WAQAAIAAJ passim] 11. ^Alice Shepard Riggs, Shepard of Aintab: Medical Missionary amongst Armenians, Turks, Kurds, and Arabs in Aintab, {{ISBN|1903656052}} 12. ^Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, La Grande Encyclopédie 13. ^{{cite book|last1=Adalian|first1=Rouben Paul|title=Historical dictionary of Armenia |publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Lanham, MD|isbn=978-0810874503|page=495|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QS-vSjHObOYC|date=2010-05-13}} 14. ^{{cite book|last1=Kévorkian|first1=Raymond|title=The Armenian Genocide a Complete History.|date=2011|publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co.|location=London|isbn=9780857719300|pages=605–610}} 15. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.gso.org.tr/english/default.asp?syf=industry| title = Statistics |author=|publisher= Gaziantep Chamber of Industry| accessdate=|language=Turkish}} 16. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/25/world/middleeast/25turkey.html Syrians’ New Ardor for a Turkey Looking Eastward], The New York Times, July 24, 2010 17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/turkey/articles/zeugma-mosaic-museum-strolling-along-a-neighbourhood-of-ancient-treasures/|title=Zeugma Mosaic Museum: Strolling Along A Neighbourhood of Ancient Treasures|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://helenmilesmosaics.org/mosaic-sites/zeugma-mosaic-museum-turkey/|title=the Zeugma Mosaic Museum, Turkey.|last=|first=|date=2015-03-14|website=|access-date=}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2013:229:0043:0046:EN:PDF|title=Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs|publisher=European Commission|date=2009-10-07|accessdate=2013-12-20}} 20. ^{{cite web| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190113180727/https://mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=GAZIANTEP| archivedate = 13 January 2019| url = https://mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=GAZIANTEP| title = Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Genel İstatistik Verileri| publisher = Turkish State Meteorological Service| language = Turkish| accessdate = 13 January 2019}} 21. ^{{cite web| url = https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_172600_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Gaziantep / Türkei| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = 13 January 2019}} 22. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.hku.edu.tr | title=Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi | Eğitimin Hayat Boyu Seninle | Gaziantep}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.duisburg.de/micro/english/introducing/102010100000187829.php|title=Cities Twinned with Duisburg|publisher=Duisburg|accessdate=2009-05-07|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414210204/http://www.duisburg.de/micro/english/introducing/102010100000187829.php|archivedate=2009-04-14|df=}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd |title=List of Twin Towns in the Ruhr District |publisher=© 2009 www.twins2010.com |accessdate=2009-10-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5lctsW5KG?url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd |archivedate=November 28, 2009 |df= }} External links{{Commons category|Gaziantep}}{{wikivoyage|Gaziantep}}
6 : Gaziantep|Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey|Cities in Turkey|Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC|Populated places in Gaziantep Province|Roman sites in Turkey |
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