| 词条 | Dru Drury |
| 释义 |
|name=Dru Drury |image=Drury Dru 1725-1803.png |alt= |caption=From Jardine's The Naturalist's Library |birth_date=4 February 1724 |birth_place=Wood Street, London, England |death_date=15 December 1803 |death_place=Turnham Green, London, England |spouse=Esther Pedley |alma_mater= }}Dru Drury (4 February 1724 – 15 December 1803) was a British entomologist.[1] Early lifeDru Drury was born in Wood Street, London. His father, William Drury, was a silversmith. Drury inherited the family business in 1748, and by 1771 amassed enough wealth to buy the entire stock of a fellow silversmith.[2] This wealth allowed Drury to retire by 1789, and devote his time entirely to entomology.[2] Personal lifeDru Drury married Esther Pedley, daughter of John Pedley of London, a soapmaker. Together they had three children, Mary, born 1749; William (also a silversmith,) born 1752; and Dru, born 1767.[3] Drury enjoyed a successful career as a silversmith. In 1801, he became ill and moved to Turnham Green hoping to improve his heath, but died of stone two years later and was buried at St. Martin-in-the-Fields. CareerBefore retiring as a silversmith, Drury had a keen interest in the subject of entomology, and was the president of the Society of Entomologists of London from 1780 to 1782. Beginning in 1770, Drury kept correspondences with a number of entomologists from all over the world from India to Jamaica and America. It is through these connections that Drury received much of his collection.[3] (26) To Mr. Keuchan, at Jamaica. June 13, 1774. You inquire after Mr. Smeathman, who is settled on the Coast of Africa. He, has been there almost three years but has sent nothing over except irnsects, a circumstance which astonishes us, for his patrons expected a great variety of subjects long before this in ye differelnt branches of Natural History. Many of the insects that he has sent are surprisingly fine. A great number entirely new, especially among, the Coleoptera, some of which are very large. --From a collection of letters published in The Scientific Monthly.[3]From 1770 to 1787, he published the three-volume Illustrations of Natural History, Wherein are Exhibited Upwards of 240 Figures of Exotic Insects, which was later revised and republished under the title Illustrations of Exotic Entomology in 1837. Drury's work was self published and many of his correspondences with various workmen in the publishing industry have survived. In the letters, detailed accounts of prices and publishing techniques are provided which shed light on Britain's early printing industry.[2] Drury was also a prolific collector—his collection comprised over 11,000 specimens: {{quote|there may be in Holland collections more numerous, having in many instances a great number of a single species, yet no collection abounds with such a wonderful variety in all the different genera as this. All the specimens of which it is composed, are in the highest and most exquisite state of preservation, such an extensive collection can be supposed to be, and a very considerable number are unique, such as are not to be found in any other Cabinet whatever, and of considerable value; many of which, coming from countries exceedingly unhealthy, where the collectors, in procuring them, have perished by the severity of the climate, give but little room to expect any duplicate will ever be obtained during the present age; and the learned quotations that have been taken from it by those celebrated authors Linnaeus and Fabricius, in all their late editions, are incontestable proofs of the high degrees of estimation they entertained of it.|source=From a printed circular which Drury distributed with a view to the sale of the collection in 1788}}Unfortunately, Drury's collections, while large, lacked substantial location and other data (as it was not customary at the time). Thus, it is difficult, if not impossible, for any sound scientific data to be formed in regards to the history of its specimens.[4] References1. ^{{cite journal |last1=Noblett |first1=William |last2= |first2= |date=Jan 1, 1988 |title=Publishing by the Author. A Case Study of Dru Drury's 'Illustrations of Natural History' (1770-82) |url= |journal=Publishing History |volume=23 |issue= |pages=67–94 |doi= |access-date= }} 2. ^1 2 {{cite journal |last1=Noblett |first1=William |last2= |first2= |date=1994 |title=Dru Drury's Letters (1770-1775) to the Cambridge Bookseller, John Woodyer |jstor=41154840 |journal=Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=539–547 |doi= |access-date= }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal |last1=Cockerell |first1=T. |last2= |first2= |date=1922 |title=Dru Drury, an Eighteenth Century Entomologist |jstor=6568 |journal=The Scientific Monthly |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=67–82 |doi= |access-date= }} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cockerell|first=T.|date=1934|title=The Entomological Society of London|jstor=15577|journal=The Scientific Monthly |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=332–342 }} Sources
Illustrations of Exotic EntomologyExternal links
6 : 1724 births|1803 deaths|English entomologists|English silversmiths|Lepidopterists|People from London |
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