词条 | Dubbel |
释义 |
The term dubbel (also double) is a Belgian Trappist beer naming convention.[1] The origin of the dubbel was a strong version of a brown beer brewed in Westmalle Abbey in 1856, which is known to have been on sale to the public by June 1861.[2] In 1926, the recipe was changed, and it was sold as Dubbel Bruin. Following World War Two, abbey beers became popular in Belgium and the name "dubbel" was used by several breweries for commercial purposes. Westmalle's Dubbel was imitated by other breweries across the world, both Trappist and secular, leading to the emergence of a style. Dubbels are now understood to be a fairly strong (6%-8% alcohol by volume) brown ale, with understated bitterness, fairly heavy body, and a pronounced fruitiness and cereal character. Chimay Première (Red), Koningshoeven/La Trappe Dubbel, and Achel 8 Bruin are notable examples from Trappist breweries. Affligem and Grimbergen are Belgian abbey breweries that produce dubbels. Notable examples from the United States of America include Ommegang's Dubbel, Sound Brewery's Dubbel Entendre, and New Belgium's Abbey Ale. Abbey 1856 Dubbel is produced in Argentina. Flavour profile{{unsourced section|date=June 2017}}{{original research|section|date=June 2017}}Dubbels are characteristically known for being dark brown in colour with a strong flavour of dark fruit including raisins, prunes, and dates. These flavours and colours are almost entirely resultant from the heavy addition of highly caramelized (or kilned) beet sugar, which ferments completely into alcohol, lightening the body of the finished beer and contributing to its dry finish. The caramelization of the beet sugar is also the major contributor of maillard flavors including chocolatey, caramel, and nutty tones that give the dubbel its wide gamut of flavour complexity. Because of the special strains of ale yeast used in their production, dubbels often carry a mild spice; coriander and black pepper are notable examples in traditional Belgian dubbels. Because the dubbel style is so unique and prolific, most non-trappist breweries—including craft breweries in the United States—making their own dubbels usually attempt to make more-or-less faithful recreations of the original Belgian varieties. See also
References1. ^Geert van Lierde et al., In het Spoor van de Trappisten {{ISBN|90-261-0704-8}}, page 25 2. ^Jef van den Steen, Trappist - Het Bier en de Monniken {{ISBN|90-5826-214-6}}, pages 33 & 41 External links{{external links|date=June 2017}}{{portal|Beer}}
4 : Beer in Belgium|Beer styles|Dutch words and phrases|Trappist beer |
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