词条 | E3 Series Shinkansen | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = E3 series | image = E3inShizukuishi.JPG | imagesize = 300px | caption = An E3 series set on an Akita Shinkansen Komachi service in March 2008 | service = 1997–present | manufacturer = Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Tokyu Car Corporation | replaced = 400 series | factory = | family = Mini-shinkansen | yearconstruction = 1995–2009 | yearservice = | refurbishment = | yearscrapped = 2013– | numberconstruction= | numberbuilt = 261 vehicles (41 sets) | numberservice = 129 vehicles (19 sets) ({{as of|2016|10|01|lc=y}}) | numberpreserved = | numberscrapped = 132 vehicles | formation = 6 or 7 cars per trainset | fleetnumbers = R1–R26, L51–L55, L61–L72 | capacity = 6-car R sets: 338 (23 Green + 315 Standard) 7-car L50 sets (E3-1000): 402 (23 Green + 379 Standard) 7-car L60 sets (E3-2000): 394 (23 Green + 371 Standard) | operator = JR East | depots = Akita, Yamagata | lines = Tohoku Shinkansen, Yamagata Shinkansen, Joetsu Shinkansen | carbody = Aluminium | carlength = {{convert|20050|to|23070|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|2945|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | height = | floorheight = | doors = 1 per side | maxspeed = {{convert|275|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} (Tohoku Shinkansen), {{convert|130|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} (Akita/Yamagata Shinkansen) | weight = | acceleration = 1.6 km/h/s | deceleration = | traction = GTO or IGBT-VVVF (6-car sets: 16 x 300 kW, 7-car sets: 20 x 300 kW) | poweroutput = 6-car sets: {{convert|4.8|MW|hp|-1|abbr=on}}, 7-car sets: {{convert|6|MW|hp|-1|abbr=on}} | transmission = | aux = | hvac = | powersupply = | electricsystem = 20/25 kV AC, 50 Hz overhead catenary | collectionmethod = Pantograph | bogies = | brakes = | safety = ATC-2, DS-ATC, ATS-P | coupling = | multipleworking = 200 series, E2 series, E4 series, E5 series | gauge = {{RailGauge|1435mm|allk=on}} }} The {{Nihongo|E3 series|E3系}} is a Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train type built for Komachi services which commenced on 3 June 1997, coinciding with the opening of the new Akita Shinkansen "mini-shinkansen" line, a regular {{RailGauge|1067mm}} narrow-gauge line between {{STN|Morioka}} and {{STN|Akita}} re-gauged to {{RailGauge|sg|al=on}}. Later versions of the E3 series were also introduced for use on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services. Both "mini-shinkansen" lines join the Tohoku Shinkansen, providing services to and from Tokyo. DesignThe design of the original Akita Shinkansen E3 series trains was overseen by industrial designer Kenji Ekuan.[1] Like the 400 Series Shinkansen, these trains are built to a smaller loading gauge than mainline Shinkansen trains—the width and length of each car is reduced to fit on the narrower clearances of the "mini-shinkansen". Doorway steps fold out to bridge the gap between the narrow body and the platform at regular shinkansen stations. Variants
Pre-series setA pre-series 5-car set, numbered S8, was delivered from Kawasaki Heavy Industries to Sendai Depot in March 1995 for extensive testing. It was modified to full-production specifications in March 1997 ahead of the start of Akita Shinkansen services.[2] Until it was augmented to six cars in 1998, the pre-series was formed as follows, with scissors-type pantographs on cars 12, 13, and 14.[2] Set R1 was withdrawn following its final revenue run on 20 July 2013.[3]
E3 series "R" setsThe full-production trainsets built from 1996 for the Akita Shinkansen were 5-car sets, but sixth cars were added by the end of 1998. A total of 26 Akita Shinkansen sets were in service by the end of 2005. Sets R1 to R16 were leased by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) from the owning company, {{Nihongo|Akita Shinkansen Sharyō Hoyū|秋田新幹線車両保有(株)|}}, a third-sector company jointly owned by JR East and Akita Prefecture.[5] This lease ended on 21 March 2010 with the dissolution of Akita Shinkansen Sharyō Hoyū.[4] The E3 series sets are scheduled to be phased out following the introduction of new E6 series sets from March 2013, with 19 sets (114 vehicles) scheduled to be withdrawn during fiscal 2013.[5] From the start of the 15 March 2014 timetable revision, E3 series trainsets were no longer used on Akita Shinkansen Komachi services.[6] Two sets remained in service, used on Yamabiko and Nasuno services.[6] Formation
Cars 12 and 15 are equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.[5] Fleet historyThe build details are as shown below.[7] {{As of|2016|10|01}}, two (sets R21 and R22) of the original 26 sets are in operation.[8]
Notes1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gk-design.co.jp/en/works.html |title=The Works of GK Design Group |work= |publisher=GK Design Group Inc. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217222247/http://www.gk-design.co.jp/en/works.html |archivedate=17 February 2015 |accessdate=10 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 2. ^1 {{cite book |script-title=ja: 新幹線電車データブック2011 |trans-title=Shinkansen Databook 2011| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = March 2011| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4-330-19811-8}} 3. ^{{cite journal| script-title=ja: JR東日本E3系R1編成引退|trans-title=JR East E3 series set R1 retired| journal = The Railway Pictorial| volume = 63| issue = 880| page =92| publisher = Denkisha Kenkyūkai| location = Japan |language= Japanese| date = October 2013}} 4. ^{{Cite news| script-title = ja:県に出資金115億円返還へ 秋田新幹線車両保有会社| newspaper = Akita Sakigake Shimpo| location = Japan| language = Japanese| publisher = | date = 22 January 2010| url = http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/news.jsp?kc=20100122d| accessdate = 4 February 2010| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717090110/http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/news.jsp?kc=20100122d| archivedate = 17 July 2011| df = dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.e-nru.com/079tihonsyoku/083sendai/danketu/sensou422.pdf|script-title=ja:2013年度総合車両センター関係業務改善が提案される|trans-title=Work Improvements Proposed for General Rolling Stock Center in Fiscal 2013|date= 27 January 2013|work= Danketsu|publisher= National Railway Workers' Union|location=Japan|language= Japanese|format= PDF|accessdate= 11 February 2013}} 6. ^1 {{cite magazine|script-title=ja:3月15日ダイヤ改正と各地の話題 |trans-title=15 March timetable revision and topics from around the regions|magazine=Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 43|issue = 361|page =13|publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= Japanese|date = May 2014}} 7. ^{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2013夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2013| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = May 2013| location = Japan| page = 20| isbn = 978-4-330-37313-3}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2017冬 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2017 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 16 November 2016 |location = Japan |language = Japanese |page = 118|isbn = 978-4-330-73716-4}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2014夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2014 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 30 May 2014 |location = Japan |pages = 20–24, 356 |isbn = 978-4-330-46614-9}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite magazine|script-title=ja:E3系改造"GENBI SHINKANSEN"を報道公開 |trans-title=Rebuilt E3 series "Genbi Shinkansen" shown off to the press|magazine = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 45|issue = 383 |page = 4 |publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = March 2016}} 11. ^{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:JR車両のうごき |trans-title=JR rolling stock changes|magazine = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 45|issue = 383 |page = 127 |publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = March 2016}} 12. ^{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2013冬 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2013| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = November 2012| location = Japan| page = 24| isbn = 978-4-330-33112-6}} 13. ^1 {{cite magazine|script-title=ja: E3系 山形新幹線転用車両|trans-title=E3 series trains reallocated to Yamagata Shinkansen|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 54|issue = 642 |pages=86–87 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = October 2014}} 14. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2009夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2009| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = June 2009| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4-330-06909-8}} 15. ^{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2015冬 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2015 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 21 November 2014 |location = Japan |language = Japanese |pages=26, 357|isbn = 978-4-330-51614-1}} 16. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2015夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2015 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 20 May 2015 |location = Japan |language = Japanese |pages=23, 26, 358|isbn = 978-4-330-56915-4}} 17. ^"山形新幹線に新型車両" (New Trains for Yamagata Shinkansen). (20 December 2008) {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120713202317/http://news.nifty.com/cs/headline/detail/kyodo-2008122001000224/1.htm |date=13 July 2012 }}. Retrieved on 20 December 2008. {{ja icon}} 18. ^{{cite press release| url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2007_1/20070705.pdf| format=PDF| script-title=ja:山形新幹線「つばさ」用車両の新造について| language=Japanese| publisher=JR East| date=3 July 2007| accessdate=10 August 2008}} 19. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/08/20130829t55020.htm|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130901034413/http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/08/20130829t55020.htm|dead-url= yes|archive-date= 1 September 2013|script-title= ja:山形新幹線 「つばさ」塗装リニューアル|trans-title=Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa trains to be repainted|date= 29 August 2013|work= Kahoku Online Network|publisher= Kahoku Shimpo Publishing|location= Japan|language= Japanese|accessdate= 30 August 2013|df= dmy-all}} 20. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/04/171500.html|title= 山形新幹線E3系のエクステリアデザインを変更|trans-title=Exterior design change for Yamagata Shinkansen E3 series|date= 4 March 2014|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= Japanese|accessdate= 4 March 2014}} 21. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/04/173000.html|title= 山形エリアにE3系改造車「とれいゆ」を導入|trans-title=Rebuilt E3 series Toreiyu to be introduced in Yamagata area|date= 4 March 2014|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= Japanese|accessdate= 4 March 2014}} 22. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2013/20140303.pdf|script-title=ja:山形新幹線に新たな魅力が誕生します!|trans-title=A new allure born on the Yamagata Shinkansen|date= 4 March 2014|work= News release|publisher= East Japan Railway Company|location= Japan|format=pdf|language= Japanese|accessdate= 4 March 2014}} 23. ^1 2 {{cite magazine|last = Shiraishi|first = Hiroyuki|script-title=ja:平成26年3月15日ダイヤ改正にともなうJR東日本車両の動き|trans-title=JR East fleet changes following 15 March 2014 timetable revision|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 54|issue = 640 |page =73 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = August 2014}} 24. ^ {{cite AV media |people= |date=3 August 2017 |title=Japan Railway Journal. Prepaid E-money Cards: The Smart Way to Travel in Japan |trans-title= |medium= |language= |url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/vod/japanrailway/20170804/ |access-date=4 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805060304/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/vod/japanrailway/20170804/|archive-date=2017-08-05|format= |time=22:40 |location= |publisher=NHK World |id= |isbn= |oclc= |quote= |dead-url=yes|ref= }} 25. ^1 2 {{cite magazine|script-title=ja:E3系「GENBI SHINKANSEN」|trans-title=E3 series Genbi Shinkansen|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 56|issue = 661 |pages =72–73 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= Japanese |date = May 2016}} InteriorE3-1000 seriesThree 7-car E3-1000 sets (numbered L51 – L53) were built between 1999 and 2005 for use on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services from 4 December 1999 to augment the 400 series fleet following with the extension of the line to Shinjo.[12] From 2014, a further two sets (L54 and L55) were introduced, reformed from withdrawn Akita Shinkansen E3-0 series "R" sets, to replace the two older sets L51 and L52.[13] FormationThe sets are formed as shown below, with five motored ("M") cars and two non-powered trailer ("T") cars, and car 11 at the Tokyo end.
Cars 12 and 14 are equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.[14] InteriorFleet historyThe build details are as shown below.[9]
L54/L55 conversion detailsThe former identities of the cars reformed into sets L54 and L55 are as shown below.[13]
E3-2000 seriesThe first of a fleet of twelve new E3-2000 series 7-car sets entered service on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services on 20 December 2008.[17] The new fleet totally replaced the older 400 series trains by summer 2009. The new trains incorporate design improvements, including active suspension, full-colour LED destination indicators, and AC power outlets in all cars.[18] Seating capacity in cars 16 and 17 has been reduced by 4 (one row of seats) compared with the E3-1000 series to provide uniform seating pitch in all cars (seat pitch was previously reduced in non-reserved cars). Formation
Cars 12 and 14 are equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.[14] Fleet history{{As of|2016|10|01}}, the E3-2000 series fleet is as follows.[8]
InteriorReliveryingFrom spring 2014, the entire fleet of 15 E3-1000 and E3-2000 series Tsubasa sets is scheduled to be reliveried in a new colour scheme designed by industrial designer Ken Okuyama.[19] The new colour scheme uses white, evoking the snow of Mount Zaō, deep purple inspired by the Mandarin duck, the prefectural bird for Yamagata Prefecture, together with yellow and red for the safflower, the prefectural flower of Yamagata Prefecture.[20] The first reliveried set is scheduled to appear in late April.[20] Three sets were repainted by June 2014, and the rest of the fleet of 15 sets was repainted by mid 2016.[19] E3-700 series Toreiyu excursion setThis is a six-car set rebuilt from former Akita Shinkansen trainset R18[21] as an excursion train named {{Nihongo||とれいゆ|Toreiyu}} for use on the Yamagata Shinkansen between Fukushima and Shinjo, entering service from July 2014.[21] The design work for the rebuilt train was overseen by industrial designer Ken Okuyama.[22] The six-car set has a total seating capacity of 143 passengers.[21] Car 11 is a standard-class car with reserved seating arranged 2+2 abreast, cars 12 to 14 feature Japanese-style tatami seating, car 15 is a lounge car with a bar counter, and car 16 has ashiyu foot baths.[21] The name of the train is a portmanteau of the English word "train" and the French word "soleil" (sun).[21] The train is normally used on special Toreiyu Tsubasa services running at weekends.[21] FormationThe Toreiyu set is based at Yamagata Depot and formed as shown below, with car 11 at the Fukushima end.[23]
E3-700 series Genbi Shinkansen excursion setThis is a six-car set rebuilt from former Akita Shinkansen trainset R19 at Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe as an excursion train named {{Nihongo||現美新幹線|Genbi Shinkansen|"contemporary art shinkansen"}} for use on the Joetsu Shinkansen between {{STN|Echigo-Yuzawa}} and {{STN|Niigata}}, mostly at weekends, entering service from 29 April 2016.[56] The exterior livery was designed by photographer Mika Ninagawa.[10] The first car of the six car set features the art of Nao Matsumoto; a golden yellow motif based on harvests, festivals and light is present in the car. Window shades display art using a special dye as the train passes through tunnels. The second car feature stainless steel mirrors on the walls, the work of Yusuke Komuta. They reflect the landscape outside the train. The third car features a children's area and a cafe. The children's area features blue and white representations of toy trains by Art Unit Paramodel. The cafe section of the car is designed by Kentaro Kobuke and serves sweet items featuring local products. The fourth car features an alpine photography exhibition by Naoki Ishikawa. The fifth car features an abstract flower artpiece by Haruka Koujin that vibrates with the motion of the train. The final car features a short film by Brian Alfred, depicting the scenery of Niigata.[24] The trainset was shown off to the media on 12 January 2016.[10] FormationThe Genbi Shinkansen set is based at Niigata Depot and formed as shown below, with car 11 at the Tokyo end.[25]
Cars 12 and 15 each have one single-arm pantograph.[25] See also
References{{reflist|30em}}External links{{commons category|Shinkansen E3|E3 series}}
6 : Shinkansen train series|East Japan Railway Company|Kawasaki rolling stock|Tokyu Car rolling stock|Train-related introductions in 1997|Passenger trains running at least at 250 km/h in commercial operations |
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