| 词条 | East Croydon station |
| 释义 |
| name = East Croydon | symbol = tram | symbol2 = rail | manager = GTR Southern | manager1 = Transport for London (tram platforms) | manager2 = | owner = Network Rail | owner1 = Transport for London | owner2 = | locale = Croydon | borough = London Borough of Croydon | platforms = 6 plus 3 Tramlink platforms | fare_zone = 5 | fare_zone_1 = | railcode = ECR | railcode2 = | dft_category = B | image_name = East Croydon station April 2016.jpg | image_alt = | caption = East Croydon station and Tramlink stop | coordinates = {{coord|51.3752|-0.0923|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title}} | map_type = | years1 = 12 July 1841 | years2 = July 1846 | years3 = 1 May 1862 | years4 = 1898 | years5 = 1 June 1909 | years6 = July 1924 | years7 = 19 August 1992 | years8 = 14 May 2000 | years9 = | events1 = Opened as "Croydon" | events2 = Renamed "Croydon East" | events3 = Renamed "East Croydon" | events4 = Expanded to 6 platforms | events5 = Renamed "East Croydon Main" | events6 = Amalgamated with "East Croydon Local" to form "East Croydon"[1] | events7 = New station building opened | events8 = Tramlink stop opened | events9 =
East Croydon is a railway station and tram stop in the town of Croydon, Greater London, England, and is in Travelcard Zone 5. It is {{convert|10|mi|28|chlk|mi km|2}} measured from {{rws|London Bridge}}.[4] It is one of the busiest non-terminal stations in London, as well as in the United Kingdom as a whole.[5] It is one of three railway stations in the London Borough of Croydon with Croydon in their name, the others being West Croydon and South Croydon. A Tramlink tram stop is located immediately outside the main station entrance. HistoryThe population of Croydon increased 14-fold (from 16,700 to 233,000) between the opening of the station in 1841 and 1921. As a result, the station has been enlarged and rebuilt on several occasions. OpeningOn 12 July 1841, the London & Brighton Railway (L&BR) began passenger services through Croydon station (now East Croydon) on the Brighton Line from London Bridge to Haywards Heath.[6] The station was designed by the architect David Mocatta, the second station in the town since the London and Croydon Railway (L&CR) had opened its Croydon station (now West Croydon) in June 1839. After 1842, the station was jointly administered by the L&BR and the South Eastern Railway (SER), which shared the Brighton main line as far as Redhill. Fares from Croydon to London were common to two railways.[7] In 1846 The L&BR and the L&CR amalgamated to form the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR), and the two stations were shortly renamed East Croydon and West Croydon to avoid confusion. New CroydonWith the completion of the line to Victoria between 1860 and 1862, extra platforms were needed to provide a terminal for LB&SCR suburban services to and from the West End of London whilst London Bridge trains continued to use the existing lines. The new platforms adjoined East Croydon but were treated by the LB&SCR as a separate station named New Croydon, with its own ticket office, and which ran exclusively LBSCR services. This device enabled the railway to avoid breaking an agreement with the SER, whilst offering cheaper fares than the SER from the original station.[8] The terminal platforms at New Croydon proved difficult to operate as there was limited space for locomotives to run round their trains. As a result, in 1863 the LB&SCR obtained Parliamentary authority to build a one-mile (1.6 km) extension to a new terminus at South Croydon, which provided the additional operating room.[9] Central CroydonIn 1864, the LB&SCR obtained authorisation to construct a {{convert|0.5|mi|km|1}} long branch line into the town centre near Katharine Street, where Central Croydon station was built. The line opened in 1868 but enjoyed little success and closed in 1871, only to reopen in 1886 under pressure from the council before finally closing in 1890. It was demolished and replaced by the town hall.[10] 1894/95 rebuildingBy the late 1880s the station was again congested due to the growth of traffic on the main lines, the expansion of the suburban network in South London and the new line from Croydon to Oxted. As a result, the station was rebuilt and the tracks remodelled during 1894/5. At the same time the suburban lines were extended from South Croydon to Coulsdon North, where they joined the new Quarry line.[11] In 1897–98, East Croydon and New Croydon were merged into a single station with the three island platforms that remain. The two stations kept separate booking accounts until the formation of the Southern Railway.[12] 1992 rebuildingThe present station building opened on 19 August 1992. It consists of a large steel and glass frame suspended from a lightweight steel structure that straddles the track and platforms to a much greater extent than was possible with its Victorian predecessor. Four steel ladder masts anchor the glass box and the whole gives the impression of a suspension bridge that stretches into the distance.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}} External canopies cover the entrances, a café's open-air seating area and the approaches to the tram stop. 440 m² of glass were used in the roof and 800 m² for the wall glazing. The architects were Alan Brookes Associates and the structural engineers YRM Anthony Hunt Associates. 2010 revamp plansIt was announced in 2010 that Network Rail had proposed a £20m project to revamp the station with an additional entrance and a short cut into the town centre.[13] In September 2010, Croydon Council pledged £6m towards the revamp, ensuring that a bridge is included in the plans.[13] The new bridge was officially opened in December 2013, providing pedestrian transfer between platforms as well as a new entrance at the northern end of the platforms and a more direct link to the town centre.[14] The new walkway may be accessed from the town centre on the west via Lansdowne Walk, but access from the Cherry Orchard Road on the east has not been built.[15] Services{{Routemap|collapsed=1 |title=Track diagram |legend=track |map= to {{rws|Selhurst}}, {{stn|London Victoria}},! !CONTg\\CONTg\\CONTfa\\CONTg\\CONTfa\\~~{{rws|Norwood Junction}} and {{stn|London Bridge}} STR\\KRWgl\\KRWg+r\\KRWg+l\\KRWglr\\KRW+r KRWgl\\KRWg+r\\KRWgl+l\\KRWgr+r\\STR\\STR STR\\KRWg+l\\KRWgr\\KRWgl\\KRWg+r\\STR dSTR\\dBS!~d*1__align=la!~d*2__align=re\\dSTR\\v-STR\\dBS!~d*3__align=la!~d*4__align=re\\dSTR\\v-STR\\dBS!~d*5__align=la!~d*6__align=re\\dSTR STR\\KRWgl\\KRWgl+r\\KRWg+lr\\KRWgr\\STR STR\\STR\\KRWgl+l\\KRWgr+r\\KRWgl\\KRWg+r KRWl\\KRWg+lr\\KRWgr+l\\KRWglr\\KRWg+lr\\KRWgr to {{rws|South Croydon}}, {{rws|Brighton}}! !\\CONTge\\CONTf\\CONTge\\CONTf\\CONTf~~and {{rws|Oxted}} SEPq\\SEPq\\SEPq\\SEPq\\SEPq \\uSHI4+rq\\uSTRq+BSa\\uSHI4g+rq\\uCONTfq~~ ~~ ~~to {{stn|Elmers End}}, {{stn|Beckenham Junction}} to Central Croydon~~ ~~! !uCONTfaq\\uSHI4+rq!~uSHI4glq\\uSTRq+BSe\\uSHI4lq!~uSHI4g+rq\\uCONTgeq~~ ~~ ~~and {{tram|New Addington}} & {{stn|Wimbledon}}~~ ~~! !uCONTgq\\uSHI4glq\\uSTRq+BSa\\uSHI4lq\\ }} DestinationsThe station has frequent services on the London – Gatwick Airport – Brighton line, the Thameslink route from Brighton via London Bridge and St Pancras International to Bedford, and the London Bridge – Uckfield branch.[16] East Croydon serves destinations mainly in East Sussex, West Sussex, Surrey and Brighton & Hove, including Gatwick Airport, Horsham, Caterham, Tattenham Corner, Brighton, Reigate, Hastings, Eastbourne, Bognor Regis, Portsmouth, Tonbridge and many suburban stations in South London and Hertfordshire via the West London Route to {{rws|Milton Keynes Central}}.[17] Trains include Thameslink services to Brighton, Redhill, Bedford, Luton and London Luton Airport, which means that the station has direct services to two airports. They also serve stations in or near the City of London, including St Pancras International, Farringdon, City Thameslink and London Blackfriars. Former servicesServices from London Bridge to Tunbridge Wells via Redhill were operated by Southeastern until December 2008, when they were transferred to Southern and curtailed at Tonbridge.[18] CrossCountry services stopped at East Croydon on the route to Brighton and Newcastle, until they were withdrawn in December 2008 (after the franchise passed from Virgin to Arriva)[19]Southern services to London Charing Cross were withdrawn in December 2009. Up (northbound)Platform 1 serves fast up (northbound) trains to Victoria. Fast services to Bedford use platform 2. Fast and stopping services to London Bridge and some to Victoria use platform 4 (platform 2 for Thameslink). Platform 5 serves both directions, with trains to Milton Keynes and services north to London Bridge mainly from Uckfield (most use Platform 4).
Down (southbound)Platforms 2 and 3 are used for the fast down (southbound) services, to Brighton and the Sussex Coast. Stopping services use platform 5 (both directions, normally used off-peak for trains terminating). Platform 6 is served by stopping services to Caterham and Tattenham Corner, and by services to Oxted, East Grinstead and Uckfield. (Gatwick Express services pass through platforms 2 and 3 going southwards).
Norwood Junction or {{rws|Tulse Hill}}|route=Thameslink Thameslink|next={{rws|Coulsdon South}} or Purley or Gatwick Airport |col={{TL colour}} }}{{rail line one to four|previous=Clapham Junction|route=Southern Brighton Main Line (Brighton Fast and Semi Fast)|next1=Horley|next2=Redhill|next3=Gatwick Airport|next4=Brighton |col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Clapham Junction|route=Southern Mainline East/West|next={{stnlnk|Gatwick Airport}} or Horley|col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Clapham Junction|route=Southern London Victoria-Tonbridge/Reigate|next=Purley or Redhill|col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line two to one|next=South Croydon|route=Southern Metro services|previous1=Norwood Junction|previous2=Selhurst |col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Selhurst|route=Southern West London Route|col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Clapham Junction|route=Southern London Victoria - East Grinstead|next={{stnlnk|South Croydon}} or Sanderstead|col={{Southern colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=London Bridge|route=Southern London Bridge - Uckfield Mondays to Saturdays only|next=Oxted|col={{Southern colour}} }}{{s-rail-next|title=Tramlink}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=Beckenham Junction|previous=Wellesley Road|next=Lebanon Road|oneway1=true|rowsmid=2|rows2=2}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=Beckenham Junction|previous=George Street|next=Lebanon Road|hidemid=yes|hide2=yes}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=Elmers End|previous=Wellesley Road|next=Lebanon Road|oneway1=true|rowsmid=2|rows2=2}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=Elmers End|previous=George Street|next=Lebanon Road|hidemid=yes|hide2=yes}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=New Addington|previous=Wellesley Road|next=Lebanon Road|oneway1=true|rowsmid=2|rows2=2}}{{s-line|system=Tramlink|line=New Addington|previous=George Street|next=Lebanon Road|hidemid=yes|hide2=yes}}{{s-end}} FacilitiesThe main entrance is from George Street.[20] Another entrance is next to the taxi rank on Billinton Hill just off Cherry Orchard Road, on the east side. There are several shops within the main building. After the new bridge was opened in 2013 (see 2010 revamp plans, above) a further entrance became available with a walkway leading to the junction of Lansdowne Road and Dingwall Road. The ticket office and the ticket machines usually become busy during peak hours. Disabled-accessible slopes to all platforms are provided and there is a footbridge connecting all platforms. There are three waiting rooms on the platforms with standard metal seats. There are refreshment stalls and vending machines in the seating areas on the platforms. Trolleys are available along with step-free access to buffets.[21] Oyster Pay as you go (PAYG) and contactless payments are accepted on journeys within London Travelcard zones. There are electronic information displays showing departures to 80 stations. FutureStation expansion{{refimprove section|date=February 2015}}Several plans for station expansion have been put forward; none of which were confirmed to be happening by January 2015. As part of the Croydon Vision 2020 regeneration scheme, East Croydon is planned to be expanded to both the west and the east. Work has been planned on the west side for some time to increase station capacity, made more urgent by likely additional traffic from the planned Croydon Gateway nearby. A proposal by Arrowcroft, which included the 12,500-seat Croydon Arena, was rejected in August 2008.[22] Arrowcroft had proposed a £24 million expansion of the station with a new 'airport style' concourse above the tracks to the north of the station. Arrowcroft had agreed to contribute £500,000 to the build costs to offset the impact of their proposed Arena. The source of the remaining £23.5 million was not identified, and Network Rail had not committed this expenditure in its capital plans. The alternative scheme called Ruskin Square, by the owners of the site Stanhope Schroders, includes a planned contribution of £1.1 million for station capacity improvements that could be quickly implemented and integrated into their planned scheme for a new urban park, a rebuilt Warehouse Theatre, a doctors' surgery, housing (50% "affordable") and modern offices on the Croydon Gateway site. To the east, towards Cherry Orchard Road, the proposed towers result in an extension to the station. The architect is Make with the client Menta, engineer Knight Frank and GL Hearn. Originally this project was planned to start in 2009, but this has been put back to 2019 with the planned completion date in 2023. The mixed-use scheme is for approximately 93,000 sq m (1 million sq ft) of accommodation in a series of crystalline towers. Some 70% of the area is planned to be residential accommodation, with the remaining 30% mixed commercial use, including offices and retail. Critical to all proposals are improvements to transport interchange. No project has yet delivered the necessary funds for significant enhancements. Renaming ProposalIn late 2014 plans were made to rename the station "Croydon Central".[23] Proposed rezoningEast Croydon station is currently located in Travelcard Zone 5, but there is an ongoing campaign for East Croydon and the smaller West Croydon station (also located in Zone 5) to be rezoned to Travelcard Zone 4. It has been argued that the stations should be in Zone 4 because some stations currently in Zone 4 are further away from Central London, and that rezoning the stations will save commuters living in Croydon large amounts of money, attract investment to Croydon, create jobs in the town and make living in the area more attractive. It is expected that those commuting to Croydon would be largely unaffected by such a change.[24][25] The issue has been debated in the House of Commons, but current train operator Southern has not formally submitted a proposal for such a change to Transport for London, which is required for a station to be rezoned.[26] Thameslink Programme{{Main|Thameslink Programme}}The Thameslink Programme (formerly Thameslink 2000) is a £5 billion major project to expand the Thameslink network from 51 to 172 stations[27] spreading northwards to Bedford, Peterborough, Cambridge and King's Lynn. The project includes the lengthening of platforms, station remodelling, new railway infrastructure (e.g. viaducts) and additional rolling stock. Selhurst DepotThere is a large railway depot for Southern and Thameslink trains to the north at Selhurst. Transport connectionsEast Croydon is well served by both tram and bus, with a tram stop outside and a bus station close by. London Bus services reach Central London, Purley Way, Bromley, Lewisham and places to the south. Route X26, the longest London bus route, runs to Heathrow Airport via Sutton and Kingston. Immediately outside the station is the Tramlink stop, with services to Elmers End, Beckenham Junction, New Addington and Wimbledon. A major interchange, East Croydon has three tram platforms, two on an island, the other backing on to the station entrance. Following problems with the points in this area, in August 2006 they were fixed to route all eastbound trams into Platform 1, the concourse-side platform. The island platform can be used only by westbound trams and by trams terminating from the east. CrimeIn January 2006 the London Assembly issued statistics of crime in main-line railway stations outside Zone 1. East Croydon, Clapham Junction and Walthamstow Central were the worst affected. Both councils and railway companies were blamed.[28] {{clear}}References1. ^Butt, R.V.J. (1995): The Directory of Railway Stations, Patrick Stephens Ltd, Sparkford, {{ISBN|1-85260-508-1}}, p. 87 2. ^{{citation step free south east rail}} 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.southernrailway.com/your-journey/network-map/?access=on | title=Network Map | publisher=Southern | date= | accessdate=2 January 2010}} 4. ^{{cite book |last=Yonge |first=John |editor-last=Jacobs |editor-first=Gerald |title=Railway Track Diagrams 5: Southern & TfL |edition=3rd |date=November 2008 |origyear=1994 |publisher=Trackmaps |location=Bradford on Avon |isbn=978-0-9549866-4-3 |at=map 14C |ref=harv }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://orr.gov.uk/statistics/published-stats/station-usage-estimates|website=Office of Rail Regulation |title=Estimates of station usage |accessdate=25 August 2014 |date=22 April 2014 }} 6. ^{{Cite book | author=White, H.P. | authorlink= | author2= | title=A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Southern England V. 2 (Regional Railway History Series) | year=1992 | publisher=David St John Thomas | location=Nairn, Scotland | isbn=0-946537-77-1 | pages=79}} 7. ^{{cite journal|title=The Central Croydon Branch|journal=Railway World|date=March 1974|first=Edward|last=Treby|volume=35|issue=407|pages=106 |url=|format=}} 8. ^{{Cite book| last= Turner | first= John Howard | year=1978 | title= The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 2 Establishment and Growth | publisher=Batsford | isbn= 0-7134-1198-8}} p. 240-1 9. ^Turner (1978) p. 242 10. ^Treby, E., op. cit. p. 106 11. ^{{Cite book| last= Turner | first= John Howard | year=1979 | title= The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 3 Completion and Maturity| publisher=Batsford | isbn=0-7134-1389-1 |page=94 }} 12. ^White, H.P., op. cit. p. 79 13. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/archive/2010/09/16/News_Croydon+%28news%29/8391979.Council_pledges___6m_for_station_bridge/|title=£6m plan to refurbish station|newspaper=Croydon Guardian|publisher=Newsquest Media Group|date=15 September 2010|page=2|accessdate=21 September 2010}} 14. ^{{cite web|last=Austen|first=Ian|title=PICTURES: Opening of new £20 million bridge at East Croydon station|url=http://www.croydonadvertiser.co.uk/PICTURES-Opening-new-20-million-bridge-East/story-20271536-detail/story.html|website=croydonadvertiser.co.uk|date=6 December 2013|accessdate=20 August 2015}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.londonreconnections.com/2015/a-study-in-sussex-part-8-if-you-bridge-it-they-will-come/ |title=A Study In Sussex Part 8: If You Bridge It They Will Come|date=27 April 2015 |work=London Connections }} 16. ^GB eNRT May 2016 Edition, Tables 52, 170, 173 & 182 17. ^GB eNRT May 2016 Edition, Tables 176, 180, 181, 184, 188 & 189 18. ^GB National Railway Timetable May 2007 & 2008 Editions, Table 186 19. ^"Train services from Brighton withdrawn" Elliot, Emily-Ann; The Argus news article 12 October 2008; Retrieved 26 May 2016 20. ^Transport for London map of local bus stops in East Croydon published by TfL, 2007 21. ^{{cite press release |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/ECR.html#Station_Facilities|title=National Rail information on the station facilities| date= |accessdate=8 December 2007}} 22. ^Public inquiry website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723210000/http://www.persona.uk.com/croydongateway/index.htm |date=23 July 2008 }} Persona Associates 23. ^Local Guardian Newspaper 24. ^http://www.croydonguardian.co.uk/zone4/ 25. ^http://www.stevereedmp.co.uk/east-and-west-croydon-must-move-to-zone-4-mp-tells-parliament/ 26. ^http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/politics/11641892.Zone_4_Croydon__Rezoning_of_West_Croydon_and_East_Croydon_stations_discussed_in_House_of_Commons/ 27. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=2413&NewsAreaID=2&SearchCategoryID=8 |title=Good news for South London as £3.5BN Thameslink project clears major hurdle |date=18 October 2006 |accessdate=12 April 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928040121/http://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=2413&NewsAreaID=2&SearchCategoryID=8 |archivedate=28 September 2007 |df=dmy }} 28. ^Crime statistics East Croydon, Clapham Junction, Walthamstow BBC News External links{{Commons category|East Croydon station}}{{stn art lnk|ECR|CR01LF}}
9 : Tramlink stops in the London Borough of Croydon|Railway stations in the London Borough of Croydon|Former London, Brighton and South Coast Railway stations|Railway stations opened in 1841|Thameslink railway stations|Railway stations served by Southern|Buildings and structures completed in 1992|Croydon 2020|David Mocatta railway stations |
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