| 词条 | Economy of Chad | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|country = Chad |image = Tailor in Chad.jpg |width = 270 |caption = A tailor in Chad |currency = Central African CFA franc (XAF) |fixed exchange = |year = Calendar year |organs = AU, WTO |gdp = $11.02 billion (2012 est.) |growth = 2.8% (2015), -6.3% (2016), -3.0% (2017e), 2.6% (2018f) [1] |per capita = $885.11 (2012 est.) |sectors = agriculture: 52.7%; industry: 6.7%; services: 40.6% (2011 est.) |components = |inflation = 2% (2011 est.) |poverty = 80% (2001 est.) |gini = |edbr = 180th (2017)[2] |labor = 4.293 million (2007) |occupations = agriculture: 80% (subsistence farming, herding, and fishing); industry and services: 20% (2006 est.) |unemployment = |industries = oil, cotton textiles, meatpacking, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials |exports = $4.114 billion (2011 est.) |export-goods = oil, cattle, cotton, gum arabic |export-partners = {{flag|United States}} 58.5% {{flag|India}} 13.3% {{flag|Japan}} 11.3% {{flag|China}} 4.1% (2015)[3] |imports = $3.512 billion (2011 est.) |import-goods = machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, foodstuffs, textiles |import-partners = {{flag|France}} 16.5% {{flag|China}} 14.2% {{flag|Cameroon}} 11% {{flag|United States}} 6.4% {{flag|India}} 6% {{flag|Belgium}} 5.7% {{flag|Italy}} 4.8% (2015)[4] |FDI = $4.5 billion (2006 est.) |gross external debt = $1.769 billion (2011 est.) |debt = |revenue = $2.501 billion (2011 est.) |expenses = $3.482 billion (2011 est.) |aid = $238.3 million (recipient) note - $125 million committed by Taiwan (1997); $30 million committed by African Development Bank; ODA $150 million ({{As of|2001|alt=2001}}) |credit = |reserves = $887.5 million (31 December 2011 est.) |cianame = cd |spelling = }} Landlocked Chad's economic development suffers from its geographic remoteness, drought, lack of infrastructure, and political turmoil. About 85% of the population depends on agriculture, including the herding of livestock. Of Africa's Francophone countries, Chad benefited least from the 50% devaluation of their currencies in January 1994. Financial aid from the World Bank, the African Development Bank, and other sources is directed largely at the improvement of agriculture, especially livestock production. Because of lack of financing, the development of oil fields near Doba, originally due to finish in 2000, was delayed until 2003. It was finally developed and is now operated by Exxon Mobil Corporation. Macro-economic trendThe following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2017.
Other statisticsGDP:purchasing power parity - $28.62 billion (2017 est.) GDP - real growth rate:-3.1% (2017 est.)GDP - per capita:$2,300 (2017 est.) Gross national saving:15.5% of GDP (2017 est.) GDP - composition by sector:agriculture: 52.3% (2017 est.) industry: 14.7% (2017 est.) services: 33.1% (2017 est.) Population below poverty line::46.7% (2011 est.) Distribution of family income - Gini index:43.3 (2011 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices):-0.9% (2017 est.)Labor force:5.654 million (2017 est.) Labor force - by occupation:agriculture 80%, industry and services 20% (2006 est.) Budget:revenues: 1.337 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: 1.481 billion (2017 est.) Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):-1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)Public debt:52.5% of GDP (2017 est.) Industries:oil, cotton textiles, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials Industrial production growth rate:-4% (2017 est.)electrification: total population: 4% (2013) electrification: urban areas: 14% (2013) electrification: rural areas: 1% (2013) Electricity - production:224.3 million kWh (2016 est.) Electricity - production by source:fossil fuel: 98% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other renewable: 3% (2017) Electricity - consumption:208.6 million kWh (2016 est.) Electricity - exports:0 kWh (2016 est.) Electricity - imports:0 kWh (2016 est.) Agriculture - products:cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, sesame, corn, rice, potatoes, onions, cassava (manioc, tapioca), cattle, sheep, goats, camels Exports:$2.464 billion (2017 est.) Exports - commodities:oil, livestock, cotton, sesame, gum arabic, shea butter Exports - partners:US 38.7%, China 16.6%, Netherlands 15.7%, UAE 12.2%, India 6.3% (2017) Imports:$2.16 billion (2017 est.) Imports - commodities:machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, foodstuffs, textiles Imports - partners:China 19.9%, Cameroon 17.2%, France 17%, US 5.4%, India 4.9%, Senegal 4.5% (2017) Debt - external:$1.724 billion (31 December 2017 est.) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:$22.9 million (31 December 2017 est.) See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url= https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/29801/9781464812576.pdf|title= World Bank forecasts for Chad, June 2018 (p. 153) |publisher=World Bank|accessdate=11 September 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/chad |title=Ease of Doing Business in Chad |publisher=Doingbusiness.org |accessdate=2017-01-23 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#cd|title=Export Partners of Chad|publisher=CIA World Factbook|year=2015|accessdate=26 July 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#cd|title=Import Partners of Chad|publisher=CIA World Factbook|year=2015|accessdate=26 July 2016}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=37&pr.y=11&sy=1980&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=628&s=NGDP_RPCH,PPPGDP,PPPPC,GGXWDG_NGDP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|website=www.imf.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-24}}
External links
3 : Economy of Chad|African Union member economies|World Trade Organization member economies |
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