| 词条 | Raccoon River |
| 释义 |
| name = Raccoon River | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = Raccoon_River.jpg | image_caption = The Raccoon River at Van Meter | map = Raccoonriveriowamap.png | map_size = | map_caption = Map of the Raccoon River watershed | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = US | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Iowa | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = District | subdivision_name4 = Polk County, Iowa, Dallas County, Iowa | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= {{coord|41|32|38|N|93|58|00|W|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|850|ft|abbr=on}}[1] | mouth = Des Moines River | mouth_location = Des Moines, Iowa | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|41|34|46|N|93|36|44|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|784|ft|abbr=on}}[2] | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = South Raccoon River | tributaries_right = North Raccoon River | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The Raccoon River is a {{convert|30.8|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}}[3] tributary of the Des Moines River in central Iowa in the United States. As measured using the longest of its three forks, its length increases to {{convert|226|mi}}.[3] Via the Des Moines River, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River. The river runs through an intensely cultivated area of croplands and livestock farming, receiving Tile drainage from slow-draining rich natural bottomland. The Des Moines metropolitan area has been obtaining its drinking water from the Raccoon River just before it empties into the Des Moines River through water utilities since the 19th century. During the Great Flood of 1993, the Raccoon River flooded the water treatment facility of Des Moines, shutting off the city's supply of drinking water. HistoryThe Racoon River was first documented on the 1814 map by Lewis and Clark, though the USGS references the name to a later map from 1843 named Hydrological Basin of the Upper Mississippi River based on field measurements by Joseph N. Nicollet during his Midwestern expeditions in the 1830´s.[4] CourseThe Raccoon River is a {{convert|30.8|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}}[5] tributary of the Des Moines River in central Iowa in the United States. It flows for much of its length as three streams and when measured using the longest of its three forks, its length increases to {{convert|226|mi}}.[3] The river runs through an intensely cultivated area of croplands mostly of corn and soy and livestock farming, where slow-draining rich natural bottomlands have been tiled to drain them for agricultural cultivation.[6]
The north and south forks join in Dallas County just west of Van Meter, and the Raccoon River flows generally eastward into Polk County, past Walnut Woods State Park and West Des Moines. It joins the Des Moines River just south of downtown Des Moines and is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River. Drinking water useBoth the Raccoon and Des Moines rivers have been providing drinking water for the Des Moines metropolitan area through water utilities since the 19th century. During the Great Flood of 1993, the Raccoon River flooded the water treatment facility of Des Moines, shutting off the city's drinking water supply.{{cn|date=March 2017}} Agricultural pollutionSpring thaws, as in the spring of 2013, and rainy spells after drought wash nitrate from fertilizer into the river. On November 20, 2014 nitrates spiked at 13.7 parts per million (ppm), making the water unsafe for pregnant women and infants. (The US Environmental Protection Agency requires officials to inform the public about safety risks at 10 ppm.) At the time, these were the highest readings in the nation.[6] See also
References1. ^Waukee, IA, 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1965 (1977 rev.) 2. ^{{GNIS|460494}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed May 26, 2011 4. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/78692260/ |title=Hydrographical basin of the upper Mississippi River from astronomical and barometrical observations, surveys, and information. |last=Nicollet |first=Joseph Nicholas |last2=Frémont |first2=John Charles |date=December 1843 |publisher=by order of the U.S. Senate |location=Washington |page=1}} 5. ^U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed May 26, 2011 6. ^1 David Pitt (AP) "Des Moines struggling with nitrates in water ": accessed 21 November 2013. 7. ^1 2 http://www.iowadnr.gov/portals/idnr/uploads/riverprograms/map_raccoon%20north%20south%20and%20middle.pdf?amp;tabid=868 Expedition and Fishing Guide IA Department of Natural Resources (DNR) website retrieved April 28, 2013 8. ^ http://www2.mvr.usace.army.mil/WaterControl/stationinfo2.cfm?sid=REDI4&fid=REDI4&dt=S South Raccoon River gage at Redfield Rivergages website retrieved February 19, 2010 Sources
External links
11 : Rivers of Iowa|Tributaries of the Des Moines River|Geography of Des Moines, Iowa|Bodies of water of Sac County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Calhoun County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Carroll County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Greene County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Dallas County, Iowa|Rivers of Polk County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Audubon County, Iowa|Bodies of water of Guthrie County, Iowa |
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